• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.506-510
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• 1983

Valve dysfunction can be caused by thickening or contraction of a fibrous sheath covering a cusp of a porcine bioprosthesis, but this is uncommon. This complication appears to more frequent in other bioprostheses, such as fascia late valves and homografts, in which fibrous sheaths seems to grow more rapidly. rapidly. Thus the slow and limited growth of fibrous sheath in porcine bioprostheses is advantageous in this respect. Recently, we experienced a case of valve dysfunction caused by fibrous tissue overgrowth on Hancock mitral xenograft in 45 year old female. 3.5 years ago, the patient was received valve replacement due to mitral stenoinsufficiency. But since 2.5 years elapsed after operation, she has complained of generalized edema and dyspnea, and their symptoms were aggravated progressively. So reoperation was performed under the diagnosis as valve dysfunction of mitral xenograft and newly developed tricuspid insufficiency. Her postoperative courses were good.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.114-121
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• 1994

St. Jude Medical cardiac valve replacement was performed in 135 consecutive patients from Aug.1986 to Dec. 1991.72 had mitral, 28 had aortic, 1 had tricuspid and 34 had double valve replacement. The hospital mortality rate was 4.4% & the late mortality rate was 3.7 %. Follow-up was done on 115 surviving patients:mean follow-up period was 29.78 $\pm$ 18.32 months. Paravalvular leakage was observed in two patients, possible prosthetic valvular endocarditis wasobserved in one patient and other specific valve-related complications were none. The overall actuarial survival rate at 6 years were 91.6% in total, 96.4% in aortic, 95.5 % in mitral and 81.9 % in double valve replacement.We concluded, therefore that good clinical results and a low complication rate could be achieved with St. Jude Medical valve in short-term follow-up & long-term follow-up was also necessary.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.292-295
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• 2006

Isolated fourth ventricle[IFV] is a rare entity producing symptoms of a progressive posterior fossa mass lesion. It is mainly reported in a patient who undergo shunt placement as its late complication. However, its surgical management has been difficult and its optional treatment remains controversial. We had an occasion to admit 19-year-old female to our hospital due to hydrocephalus : she had a history of meningitis when she was 2 years old. Ten years later she was diagnosed as hydrocephalus and managed by lateral ventriculo-peritoneal shunting procedure. Seven years after the procedure, the patient presented with headache, nausea, truncal ataxia and nystagmus. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance image scan demonstrated markedly enlarged fourth ventricle : and thus, neuroendoscopic aqueductoplasty and aqueductal stent insertion was performed. The authors present a case of an IFV after lateral ventriculo-peritoneal shunting for hydrocephalus, which was treated successfully with a neuroendoscopic surgery. The technique of this procedure is described below.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제53권6호
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• pp.377-379
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• 2013

Perforation of the hypopharynx, which can occur after anterior cervical approach, is a very rare type of complication. If diagnosed late, it can lead to very fatal course, such as mediastinitis and hematosepsis. Therefore, a precise and prompt diagnosis is crucial. When conservative treatment alone is not expected to heal the perforated site or is likely to lead to serious complications, surgical treatment becomes necessary. This report demonstrates that surgical intervention performed immediately after an early diagnosis can lead to the successful treatment of a large perforation in the hypopharynx on a 58-year-old male patient.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제48권5호
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• pp.511-517
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• 2021

The use of free flaps is an essential and reliable method of reconstruction in complex head and neck defects. Flap failure remains the most feared complication, the most common cause being pedicle thrombosis. Among other measures, thrombolysis is useful when manual thrombectomy has failed to restore flap perfusion, in the setting of late or established thrombosis, or in arterial thrombosis with distal clot propagation. We report a case of pedicle arterial thrombosis with distal clot propagation which occurred during reconstruction of a maxillectomy defect, and was successfully treated with thrombolysis using recombinant tissue plasminogen activator. We also review the literature regarding the use of thrombolysis in free flap surgery, and propose an algorithm for the salvage of free flaps in head and neck reconstruction.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제51권6호
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• pp.395-398
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• 2018

Neo-aortic insufficiency associated with root enlargement following an arterial switch operation is a serious late complication. To achieve successful surgical correction of this condition, multiple factors should be considered, including the individual patient's anatomy, the challenging nature of the redo procedure, and the patient's young age. However, limited publications have described the use of valve-sparing techniques for the treatment of neo-aortic insufficiency associated with root enlargement following an arterial switch operation. Herein, we report our recent experience of a valve-sparing aortic root procedure with ascending aorta and hemiarch replacement despite the presence of a discrepancy in leaflet size and nearby severe adhesions.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.422-434
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• 1980

Since 1968 up to the end of October 1980, 448 valves were replaced in 354 patients in Seoul National University Hospital. There were 238 mitral, 38 aortic, 7 tricuspid, 45 aortic with mitral, 23 tricuspid with mitral, and 3 triple valve replacement aortic mitral and tricuspid cases. Annual increase of mitral valve replacement cases and decrease of operative maortality were remarkable. Recently operative mortality of mitral valve replacement is about 5%. Sex ratio of mitral valve replacement is almost equal and there were 12 cases of pediatric patients (5%) among 238 cases, and patients under the age of 20 years were 34 (14.3%). Mitral valve replacement was done for 199 single mitral, 38 double valve and one triple valve lesions. Among 238 mitral valve replacement paients left atrial thrombus in 23(9.7%), atrial fibrillation in 132 (55.5%), and reoperation after blind mitral commissurotomy in 12(5%) cases were noted. In recent cases bioprosthetic valves, mainly lonescu-shiley valve were utilized to overcome the difficulties of postoperative late complications in anticoagnuation, especially for the rural patients and pediatric cases, in addition to the hemodynamic advantages of lonesocu valve. Among 354 patients 16 cases were congenital heart anomaly related, 5 ventricular septal defect related aortic and 4 Ebstein related tribuspid valve replacement cases. There were 2 congenital anomaly related mitral valve replacements, one for congenital mitral insufficiency of 7 years old boy and one for corrected transposition of the great vessels associated with mitral insufficiency. Among total 354 valve replacements 49 operative deaths (13.3%) were noted and in 238 mitral valve replacement 24 operative deaths occurred (10.1%). In 39 patients among 354 total valve replacements late complications were found. In 238 mitral valve replacement cases late complications were noted in 26 patients, among whom 16 cases expired. Main late complications were thrombe-embolism, subacute becteerial endocarditis, arrythmia cerebral hemorrhage due to unsatisfactory anticoagulation, and congestive heart failure in the incipient period of valve replacement were also noted. In mitral valve replacement cases long-term survival rate was 83.2% who showed marked clinical improvement. Ther were no evidences of calcification during the 2 years follow-up period for the lonescu-valve replacement cases among 19 pediatric patients. In conclusion 238 cases of mitral valve replacement were done with 24 operative deaths and 26 late complication cases among whom 16 expired. The long term survival was 83.2% of the cases. In pediatric cases in place of coumadin anticoagulation Persantin **** 75 and aspirin were administered after valve replacement. In adult cases who have difficulaties with coumadin anticoagulation and for those even with bioprosthetic heart valve replacement who needs long-term or permanent anticoagulation persantin 75 and aspirin combination regimen were administered with antisfactory results.

• Annals of Clinical Neurophysiology
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.16-20
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• 2002

Background and Objective : Epileptic seizures are frequent complication of lobar hemorrhage. We investigated the factors affecting development of epilepsy following spontaneous lobar ICH. Methods : From January 1986 to July 1999, 114 patients were admitted to Chungnam National University Hospital with spontaneous lobar ICH. We analyzed 75 patients. Excluded were no follow-up(8 patients) and patients died within few days(31 patients). All the patient was followed up at least two years aside from two patients who underwent epileptic seizure and died five and eight months later each. Medical history was obtained through medical record and by telephone interview. Statistical analyses were performed using Chi-square test, Student's t - test, Fisher's exact test. Results : Seizure occurred in 19 patients. As three patients had previous history of seizures, 16 patients(22.2%) showed first onset early- and late-seizures. Early seizure occurred in 14 patients(19.4%). Three out of 14 were heavy alcoholics. Five patients developed late recurrent seizure 61 days to 800 days after the early seizure. Late seizure with no acute seizure occurred in two patients. The types of seizure were diverse as generalized tonic clonic seizure(10), partial seizure with secondary generalization(5), and complex partial seizure(1). The common risk factors for lobar ICH were hypertension(HT), arteriovenous malformation(AVM), and excessive use of alcohol. We could not find any causes in 23 patients. Although size of hematoma, age of onset, sex, incidence of HT or AVM were not different between patients with seizure and without seizure, the history of excessive alcohol drinking was more frequent in patients with seizure. Five patients with late recurrent seizure had ICH involving temporal area. Conclusions : This study suggests that the risk of seizure in patients with lobar ICH was increase in chronic alcoholics and patient with late recurrent seizure had ICH frequently involving temporal area.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.32-39
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• 2000

목적 : 자궁경부 선암은 발생률이 적어 편평상피암에 비하여 아직 치료방법에 대한 연구가 미흡하다. 또한 지금까지 저선량률 강내치료가 많이 사용되어 고선량률 강내치료의 결과는 많이 보고되고있지 않다. 따라서 저자들은 자궁경부 선암환자에서 고선량률 강내치료와 저선량률 강내치료를 비교하여 고선량률 강내치료의 효과를 알아보고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법 : 1971년 1월부터 1992년 12월까지 연세대학교 방사선종양학과에서 근치적 목적으로 치료된 106명의자궁경부 선암 환자를 대상으로 하였다. 저선량률 강내치료는 35명에서 시행되었고, 71명은 고선량률 강내치료가 시행되었다. 저선량률군에서는 병기 1기가 8명, 병기 2기가 18명, 병기 3기가 9명이었고 외부방사선치료는 10 MV X-ray를 이용하여 매일 2 Gy씩 총 40$\~$64 Gy (중앙값 48 Gy)가 조사되었다. 저선량률 강내치료는 radium 선원을 이용하여 Henshke applicator로 시행되었고 point A에 22$\~$59 Gy (중앙값 43 Gy)가 조사되었다. 고선량률군에서는 병기 1기가 16명, 병기 2기가 38명, 병기 3기가 17명 이었다. 외부방사선치료량은 40$\~$61 Gy (중앙값 45 Gy)이었고 분할선량은 1.8$\~$2.0 Gy이었다. 고선량률 강내치료는 Co-60 선원을 사용하여 RALS (remote afterloading system)로 분할선량 3 Gy를 주 3회 총 30$\~$57 Gy (중앙값 39 Gy)가 시행되었다. 결과 :저선량률군의 5년 생존률은 병기1, 2, 3기에서 각각 72.9, 61.9, 45.0$\%$이었고 고선량률군에서는 각각 87.1, 58.3, 41.2$\%$이었다(p>0.05). 자궁경부 선암에서 고선량률군과 저선량률군간의 5년 생존률에는 차이가 혀었다. 또한 양군간에 유의한 예후인자는 없었다. 고선량률군의 만성 합병증률은 26.8$\%$로 저선량률군의 11.4$\%$에 비하여 높았으나 대부분 grade 1의 경미한 정도이었고 통계학적인 차이가 없어 받아들일 만한 결과이었다. 결론 :자궁경부 선암 환자에서 고선량률 강내치료는 저선량률 강내치료에 비하여 5년 생존률과 치료실패율에서 차이를 보이지 않아 저선량률 강내치료를 대치할 수 있을 것으로 생각되나 병기 2기와 3기에서 만성 합병증이 높아 분할 선량에 대한 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각된다.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.59-70
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• 1989

자궁경부암은 치료후의 생존율이 좋은 암으로 인정되고 있으나 전 자궁경부암의 $44\%$는 재발되며 재발암의 대부분은 국소재발이다. 더욱이 재발된 암은 어떤 방법으로 치료한다 하더라도 5년 생존율은 $2\~9\%$에 불과하다고 보고되고 있다. 이러한 사실은 적극적인 국소치료법이 필요함을 시사하고 있으나 국소방사선 조사선량을 증가시켜 치료율을 높이려 할 경우 필연적으로 따라오는 합병증의 증가가 우려되어 불충분함을 인정하면서도 전골반에 4500cGy이하, A점에 8500cGy정도가 사용되어 왔다. 1986년 4월부터 1987년 12월까지 영남대찰 치료방사선과에서 중앙차폐없이 전골반에 5000cGy, 고선량률 강내치료로 A점에 3900cGy, 외부선량을 포함한 A점 총 선량 8900cGy를 조사함으로서 종래의 치료보다 $500~1000cGy$를 더 조사받은 자궁경부암 환자 103명중 추적 치료가 불가능 하였던 환자를 제외한 96명을 대상으로 장관합병증을 분석하였다. 종래보다$500\~1000cGy$를 더 조사 받았으나 합병증이 증가되지 않았음을 보고함으로서 합병증의 증가 없이 생존율의 증가를 얻을 수 있는 최고선량을 결정하는 기초자료로 삼고자 본 연구를 시도하였다. 평균 추적기간은 21개월이었고 대부분의 증상은 12개월 이내에 나타났단. 이급후증(tenesmus), 하복부 동통을 포함한 장관합병증은 $46\%$였고 입원치료를 받은 환자는 6명 $(0\%)$이었으나 수술이 필요한 환자는 1명분이었다. X선 대장촬영과 직장경 검사를 실시하였으나 바리움 대장촬영에서 1명만이 비정상적인 소견을 보여 직장손상의 진단에 효율이 적음을 시사하였다. 환자의 연령, 총 조사선량, 총 TDF, 직장조사선량과 장관합병증은 무관함을 보여주었다. 입원치료가 필요한 6명의 환자 중 5명이 축소조사야를 사용한 추가치료를 했던 환자로서 추가치료가 합병중의 위험 인자임을 시사하였다(p<0.01). 심한 합병증을 보인 6명중 3명 이 방사선 치료전 수술경험이 있었으며 직장선량이 다른 환자들의 평균직장선량(7300cGy) 보다 작음에도 불구하고 (5252 cGy) 심한증상을 보여 치료전의 수술기왕력 이 위험 인자가 될 수 있음을 시사하였다. 종래의 치료양보다 $500\~1000cGy$ 더 높은 선량에도 불구하고 입원치료가 필요하였던 환자는 $6\%$, 수술이 필요하였던 환자는 $1\%$로 합병증의 증가 없이 A점에 8900cGy, 직장에 7300cGy정도의 국소치료가 가능함을 보여 주었으나 생존율에 대한 추후 분석이 따라야 할 것으로 사료된다.