• Korean Journal of Bronchoesophagology
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.153-158
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• 1999

Background and Objectives : The treatment of supraglottic stenosis remains a challenging problem in the field of otolaryngology due to its association with dyspnea, dysphagia, and frequent recurrence. Any satisfactory treatment is not yet known. The author experienced six cases of supraglottic stenosis and report the successful treatment of five cases by repeated endoscopic laryngeal excision with KTP-532 laser under suspension layngoscopy. Materials and Methods : Six adults who were treated for supraglottic stenosis between March 1994 and December 1998 at the Department of Otoloaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Korea University Medical Center were studied retrospectively. The patients were placed under general anesthesia followed by endoscopic laryngeal excision with KTP-532 laser under supension laryngoscopy. The scar tissue and granulation tissue were visualized with an operating microscope, and then removed using KTP-532 laser (15watts, continuous mode). Intraoperative local steroid(Triamcinolone ) was injected in all cases after the stenotic portions were removed. Results : Endoscopic excision was performed in five cases ; among the five cases, cricoid cartilage was concomitantly removed in two cases, and epiglottis was removed in one case. Satisfactory swallowing and airway respiration were possible in all five patients who underwent endoscopic widening. Conclusion : The treatment of supraglottic stenosis is different from that of tracheal or glottic stenosis in that supraglottic stenosis is mainly developed in membraneous form. Repeated laser excision and local steroid injection under suspension laryngoscopy is an effective and recommend able method for the treatment of supraglottic stenosis.

• Medical Lasers
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.31-36
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• 2021

Background and Objectives Several predicted optimal parameters for laser treatment have been suggested, making the settings subject to variation. Thus, picosecond lasers may require more data and studies to optimize the laser parameters, increase the efficacy of each session, and minimize the total number of sessions. This study evaluated the results of picosecond laser tattoo removal in variable locations, focusing on the aesthetic outcome, number of procedures, and adverse effects. Materials and Methods Nine patients who underwent picosecond laser treatment from February 2014 to July 2020 were enrolled. Before the procedures, the required number of sessions was estimated using the Kirby-Desai scale. At the end of the treatment, the patients assessed their satisfaction. The patient and two plastic surgeons assessed the clearance of the tattoo. Results The mean of the clearance was 86.6% in both the patient and investigators assessment. The patients reported satisfaction for an average score of 5.1 ± 0.78 for the aesthetic outcome, 4.5 ± 0.78 for pain, 4.1 ± 0.92 for the number of procedures, and 4.7 ± 0.97 for adverse effects. The average number of actual procedures was 6.7 ± 1.20. The average Kirby-Desai score was 7.1 ± 1.45. Their correlation coefficient was 0.803, which is considered a strong positive correlation. Conclusion Picosecond lasers have a remarkable ability to degrade smaller tattoo pigments through a photoacoustic effect. Moreover, a picosecond laser treatment for tattoo removal can be a safe and effective method. Picosecond lasers are a promising technology with the potential to optimize the treatment of tattoos.

• Medical Lasers
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.6-12
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• 2018

Introduction Energy-based devices allow for a more rapid and efficient ligation of blood vessels during operations. In the present study, we evaluated the feasibility of a laser as an alternative energy source for the vessel sealing system and determined the optimal condition of laser for an effective vessel sealing through histologic examination. Materials and Methods The arteries (5 mm diameter) harvested from porcine legs were compressed between two glass-slides to eliminate its luminal space and were irradiated with 1,470-nm diode laser under various sealing conditions, including laser power (5-30 W), irradiation time (5 or 10 seconds), and focus mode (focus or defocus). Subsequently, the irradiated vessels were fixed in 4% formaldehyde and then processed to paraffin block. The paraffinized sample was sectioned and stained with hematoxylin and eosin for histological evaluation. Results The extent of tissue change was positively correlated with duration and power of laser. In defocus mode, the irradiated vessels showed sufficient tissue denaturation for sealing effect without severe tissue destruction. Moreover, among the various conditions of irradiation, laser power between 15 and 20 W, as well as exposure time of 5 seconds were appropriate for sealing the blood vessels. Conclusion Adequate power and irradiation duration of laser can render blood vessels to be sealed effectively, although the higher power of laser may be required to cut the vessels.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.25-30
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• 2009

Introduction: 585 nm Pulsed dye laser (PDL) laryngeal surgery is based on the photodynamic characteristics of selective photothermolysis and photoangiolysis and recently considered to be the treatment for a variety of benign laryngeal disease. Objective: To review the indications and outcome of office-based 585nm PDL surgery and summarize new developments. Method: Retrospective study involving 402 patients was performed, The PDL surgery could be applied to various laryngeal diseases such as laryngeal papilloma, vocal fold dysplasia, laryngeal granuloma, vocal polyp, capillarectasia, scarred vocal fold and sulcus vocalis. Results : The physiologic properties of the vascular specificity of PDL provide many advantages and appear to be effective for laryngeal treatment. The PDL resulted in precise, selective coagulation of the microvasculature without damage to the surrounding tissue. Therefore PDL surgery is safe and effective for office-based treatment of benign laryngeal disease and for all patients regardless of their overall medical condition. Conclusion: PDL surgery provides potential benefits and advantage for treating common benign laryngeal disease.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.222-228
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• 2009

Objectives: This study is aimed to compare the wound healing processes between conventional scapel wound and Er,Cr:YSGG (Erbium,Chromium, Yttrium, Scandium, Gallium, Garnet) laser wound using experimental animals. Experimental Design: Two types of wounds were made by linear and round incisions using scalpel and Er,Cr:YSGG laser, respectively, on the thigh of Sprague-Dawley rats. Sprague-Dawley rats were serially sacrified as follows: post operative 12, 24, 48 hours, and 3, 7, 14 days. The skin wounds were grossly and microscopically analyzed during the healing period. Result: The Er,Cr:YSGG laser incision showed better wound healing for the linear incision experiment than the scapel incision. Whereas the scapel incision showed better wound healing for the round incision experiment than the Er,Cr:YSGG linear incision. As the Er,Cr:YSGG laser damage in the round incision experiment could be much increased compared with the round incision by scapel. So, the round incisions by the Er,Cr:YSGG laser were resulted in the poor wound healing compared with those by the scapel. Conclusion: The Er,Cr:YSGG laser is more favorable for the fast linear incision, while the scapel is more favorable for the modified round incision.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.43 no.6
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• pp.570-574
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• 2016

Background Fractional $CO_2$ laser is an effective treatment for scars, but most patients complain about sharp burning pain, even after the application of lidocaine ointment. This study analyzed the impact of a vibrating device to nonpharmacologically reduce the acute pain of laser treatment, in accordance with the gate control theory of pain management. Methods This is a prospective study performed from May 2013 through March 2014. Fifty-three patients (mean age, 26.7 years; range, 16-44 years) who had donated livers for liver transplantation were treated with a fractional $CO_2$ laser (10,600 nm; model $eCO_2$, Lutronic Corp) for their abdomen scars. Laser treatment was applied 4 months after surgery. A commercially available, locally applied vibrating device (model UM-30M, Unix Electronics Co. Ltd.) was used, in an on-and-off pattern, together with the $CO_2$ laser. A visual analogue scale (VAS; 0, no pain; 10, most severe pain) of pain sensation was assessed and statistically analyzed using a paired t-test. Results The average VAS score for pain with the vibrating device was 4.60 and the average VAS score without the vibrating device was 6.11. The average difference between scores was 1.51 (P=0.001). Conclusions A locally applied vibrating device was demonstrated to be effective in reducing pain when treating with a fractional $CO_2$ laser. Vibration treatment could be helpful when treating scars with fractional $CO_2$ laser in pain-sensitive patients, particularly children.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.454-469
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• 2006

Today, there is considerable evidence to support a cause-effect relationship between microbial colonization and the pathogenesis of implant failures. The presence of bacteria on implant surfaces may result in an inflammation of the peri-implant mucosa, and, if left untreated, it may lead to a progressive destruction of alveolar bone supporting the implant, which has been named as peri-impantitis. Several maintenance regimens and treatment strategies for failing implants have been suggested. Recently, in addition to these conventional tools, the use of different laser systems has also been proposed for treatment of peri-implant infections. As lasers can perform excellent tissue ablation with high bactericidal and detoxification effects, they are expected to be one of the most promising new technical modalities for treatment of failing implants. It is introduced that Er,Cr:YSGG laser, operating at 2780nm, ablates tissue by a hydrokinetic process that prevents temperature rise. We studied the change of the titanium implant surface under scanning electron microscopy after using Er,Cr:YSGG laser at various energies, irradiation time. In this study, Er,Cr:YSGG laser irradiation of implant fixture showed different effects according to implant surface. Er,Cr:YSGG laser in TPS surface with RBM not alter the implant surface under power setting of 4 Watt(W) and irradiation time of 30sec. But in TPS surface with $Ca_3P$ coating alter above power setting of 2W and irradiation time of 10sec. TPS surface with RBM showed microfracture in 4W, 30sec and TPS surface with $Ca_3P$ coating showed destruction of fine crystalline structure, melting in excess of 2W, 10sec. We concluded that proper power setting, air, water of each implant surface must be investigated and implant surface must be irradiated under the damaged extent.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.153-156
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• 2021

Indications of fiberoptic laryngeal laser surgery (FLS) procedure have broadened by the development of flexible fiberoptic endoscopes and flexible laser systems. FLS procedure performed under local anesthesia and it is the unique value of FLS. The surgery can be performed on patients who are impossible to undergo general anesthesia and difficult to be exposed by laryngeal microsurgery. Main indication of FLS procedure was small to moderate sized hemorrhagic vocal polyp, but we experienced a case of huge vocal polyp with difficult laryngeal exposure treated by FLS procedure under local anesthesia. The vocal polyp was removed successfully without vocal fold scar through fiberoptic laryngeal laser surgery under local anesthesia.

• Medical Lasers
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.43-49
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• 2019

The plume produced by vaporizing tissue with a laser contains a variety of contaminants called laser-generated air pollutants (LGACs). LGACs consist of a mixture of toxic gas components, biomicroparticles, dead and living cells, and viruses. Toxic odors and thick smoke from surgical incisions and the coagulation of tissues can irritate eyes and airways, as well as cause bronchial and pulmonary congestion. Because of the potential risk of the smoke, it is advisable to appropriately remove it from the surgical site. We recommend using a smoke evacuator to remove the smoke. Suction nozzles should be placed as close as possible to the surgical site in a range of 2 cm or less. In-line filters should be used between the inlet and outlet of the surgical site. All air filtration devices should be capable of removing particles below 0.1 microns in size. The filter pack should be handled according to infection control procedures in the operating room. The laser mask can be an auxiliary protective device if it is properly worn. Some smoke inhaled under the nose wrap or over the side of the mask will not be filtered. As in electrosurgical operations, a suitable mask should be worn while smoke is present.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.396-405
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• 2010

Purpose: This study was performed to find out the effects of the Er:YAG laser (Key Laser) & Er,Cr:YSGG laser (Water Laser) on inflammatory tissues. Materials and Methods: It was performed on about 20 g, 6 weeks male ICR mouses. They were grouped into the control (negative), the inflammation induced 'control'(positive), Er,Cr:YSGG laser exposured group after inducing inflammation, Er:YAG lasere exposured group after inducing inflammation each 15 mouses. The mouses were applicated 0.5% DNFB 1 cc on ear skin twice a day for 4 days until symptom expression. After laser exposure, ear tissues were extracted and defined gene expression by RT-PCR. Then, tissue staining, lymphocytes observation, electromicroscophic laboratory were carried out. Results: Interleukin-$1{\beta}$ was expressed much less in the A-laser exposed group. Interleukin-$1{\beta}$ & Tumor Necrosis Factor-${\alpha}$ were expressed 7 times lesser in the A-laser exposed group. The number of Lymphocytes related to inflammation was decreased rapidly in the A-laser exposed group in vivo. he number of cavity recovered normal was a little bigger in the A-laser exposed group after 5 days Conclusion: The expression of IL-$1{\beta}$ & TNF-${\alpha}$, hitologic change, observation with electron microscope shows that Erbium laser exposure causes lesser inflammation with A-laser rather than B-laser.