• Title/Summary/Keyword: Large-Scale Basin

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A case study for determination of seismic risk priorities in Van (Eastern Turkey)

  • Buyuksarac, Aydin;Isik, Ercan;Harirchian, Ehsan
    • Earthquakes and Structures
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    • v.20 no.4
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    • pp.445-455
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    • 2021
  • Lake Van Basin, located in Eastern Turkey, is worth examining in terms of seismicity due to large-scale losses of property and life during the historical and instrumental period. The most important and largest province in this basin is Van. Recent indicators of the high seismicity risk in the province are damage occurring after devastating earthquakes in 2011 (Mw=7.2 and Mw=5.6) and lastly in 2020 Khoy (Mw=5.9). The seismic hazard analysis for Van and its districts in Eastern Turkey was performed in probabilistic manner. Analyses were made for thirteen different districts in Van. In this study, information is given about the tectonic setting and seismicity of Van. The probabilistic seismic hazard curves were obtained for a probability of exceedance of 2%, 10% and 50% in 50-year periods. The PGA values in the Van province vary from 0.24 g - 0.43 g for earthquakes with repetition period of 475 years. Risk priorities were determined for all districts. The highest risk was calculated for Çaldıran and the lowest risk was found for Gürpınar. Risk priorities for buildings in all districts were also determined via rapid seismic assessment for reinforced-concrete and masonry buildings in this study.

The analysis of differences of mean basin precipitation between TM and radar using correlation with basin characteristics and rainfall patterns (TM과 레이더를 이용한 유역평균강수량 차이와 유역특성 및 강우형태와의 상관성)

  • Park, Jaeheyon;Sung, Janghyun;Cho, Yohan;Heo, Jun-Haeng
    • Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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    • v.53 no.7
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    • pp.469-480
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    • 2020
  • This study analyzed the differences of mean basin precipitation between TM and radar based on the 51 standard basins in Han river and Nakdong river when large scale of heavy rains occurred in 2018. The result shows that the differences between radar and TM are -65.05 ~ 26.09% and -82.00 ~ 3.80% for accumulated and 10 min. maximum mean basin precipitation, respectively. The correlation analysis between the differences of estimated mean basin precipitation and basin characteristics such as average altitude of basin, area of basin, and shape factor of basin presents that there is no clear correlation between them. And the differences of point precipitation also shows the similar tendency with those of mean basin precipitation. In order to find out the correlation between them and meteorological conditions such as rainfall patterns, the reflectivity of radars according to the observation angles is analyzed at the selected basins, and then it is found that the differences of mean basin precipitation between TM and radar is more dominated by the meteorological conditions than by the topographic conditions such as basin characteristics.

Development of Continuous Rainfall-Runoff Model for Flood Forecasting on the Large-Scale Basin (대유역 홍수예측을 위한 연속형 강우-유출모형 개발)

  • Bae, Deg-Hyo;Lee, Byong-Ju
    • Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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    • v.44 no.1
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    • pp.51-64
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    • 2011
  • The objective of this study is to develop a continuous rainfall-runoff model for flood prediction on a large-scale basin. For this study, the hourly surface runoff estimation method based on the variable retention parameter and runoff curve number is developed. This model is composed that the soil moisture to continuous rainfall can be simulated with applying the hydrologic components to the continuous equation for soil moisture. The runoff can be simulated by linking the hydrologic components with the storage function model continuously. The runoff simulation to large basins can be performed by using channel storage function model. Nakdong river basin is selected as the study area. The model accuracy is evaluated at the 8 measurement sites during flood season in 2006 (calibration period) and 2007~2008 (verification period). The calibrated model simulations are well fitted to the observations. Nash and Sutcliffe model efficiencies in the calibration and verification periods exist in the range of 0.81 to 0.95 and 0.70 to 0.94, respectively. The behavior of soil moisture depending on the rainfall and the annual loadings of simulated hydrologic components are rational. From this results, continuous rainfall-runoff model developed in this study can be used to predict the discharge on large basins.

Important Parameters Related With Fault for Site Investigation of HLW Geological Disposal

  • Jin, Kwangmin;Kihm, You Hong;Seo, Dong-Ik;Kim, Young-Seog
    • Journal of Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Waste Technology(JNFCWT)
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    • v.19 no.4
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    • pp.533-546
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    • 2021
  • Large earthquakes with (MW > ~ 6) result in ground shaking, surface ruptures, and permanent deformation with displacement. The earthquakes would damage important facilities and infrastructure such as large industrial establishments, nuclear power plants, and waste disposal sites. In particular, earthquake ruptures associated with large earthquakes can affect geological and engineered barriers such as deep geological repositories that are used for storing hazardous radioactive wastes. Earthquake-driven faults and surface ruptures exhibit various fault zone structural characteristics such as direction of earthquake propagation and rupture and asymmetric displacement patterns. Therefore, estimating the respect distances and hazardous areas has been challenging. We propose that considering multiple parameters, such as fault types, distribution, scale, activity, linkage patterns, damage zones, and respect distances, enable accurate identification of the sites for deep geological repositories and important facilities. This information would enable earthquake hazard assessment and lower earthquake-resulted hazards in potential earthquake-prone areas.

Gravity Characteristics on the Eastern Asia by using GRACE Data (GRACE자료를 이용한 동아시아의 중력특성)

  • Yu Sang Hoon;Min Kyung Duck
    • Economic and Environmental Geology
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    • v.38 no.3 s.172
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    • pp.299-304
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    • 2005
  • Geoid undulation and gravity anomaly were calculated from GRACE satellite data on the eastern Asia including Korean peninsula. Geoid undulation varies from -60m in the China to 60m toward the Pacific Ocean across the Korean Peninsula. Calculated gravity anomalies are in the range of -60 and 60 mgal except the subduction zone showing -100 mgal. High positive values are observed at Mt. Baekdu, Kaema highland and Taebaek mountains, and low values at Ulleung, Japan and Yamato basins in the East sea. We removed regional components below the spherical harmonic degree of 10 from gravity anomaly to get the residual anomaly for crust components. Residual gravity anomaly shows high anomalies at the northern mountainous area and Kyungsang basin in the Korean Peninsula. And low anomalies appears at the western Korea bay basin, Kunsan basin, Cheju basin, and Ulleung basin in the marine. Anomalies separated by the spherical harmonic degree as well as the residual anomalies are useful for the study of large crustal structure about geologic scale and depth distribution and for the survey of natural resources.

Estimation of Nonpoint Source Pollutant Loads of Juam-Dam Basin Based on the Classification of Satellite Imagery (위성영상 분류 기반 주암댐 유역 비점오염부하량 평가)

  • Lee, Geun-Sang;Kim, Tae-Keun
    • Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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    • v.15 no.3
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    • pp.1-12
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    • 2012
  • The agricultural area was classified into dry and paddy fields in this study using the near-infrared band of Landsat TM to extract land cover classes that need to the application of Expected Mean Concentration (EMC) in nonpoint source works. The accuracy of image classification of the land cover map from Landsat TM image showed 83.61% and 78.41% respectively by comparing with the large and middle scale land cover map of Ministry of Environment. As the result of Soil Conservation Service (SCS) Curve Number (CN) using the land cover map from image classification, Dongbok dam and Dongbok stream basin were analyzed high. Also Geymbaek water-gage and Bosunggang upstream basin showed high in the analysis of EMC of BOD, TN, TP by basin. And also Geymbaek water-gage and Bosunggang upstream basin showed high in the analysis of non-point source through coupling with direct runoff. Therefore these basins were selected with the main area for the management of nonpoint source.

Relationship between Abundances of Kaloula borealis and Meteorological Factors based on Habitat Features (서식지 특성에 따른 맹꽁이 개체수와 기상요인과의 관계 분석)

  • Rho, Paikho
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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    • v.19 no.3
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    • pp.103-119
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    • 2016
  • This study aims to assess habitat feature on the large-scale spawning ground of the Boreal Digging Frog Kaloula borealis in Daemyung retarding basin of Daegu, and to analyze the relationships between species abundance and meteorological factors for each habitat. Fifty-seven(57) pitfalls were installed to collect species abundance of 4 survey regions, and high-resolution satellite image, soil sampling equipment, digital topographic map, and GPS were used to develop habitat features such as terrain, soil, vegetation, human disturbance. The analysis shows that the frog is most abundant in sloped region with densely herbaceous cover in southern part of the retarding basin. In the breeding season, lowland regions, where Phragmites communis and P. japonica dominant wetlands and temporary ponds distributed, are heavily concentrated by the species for spawning and foraging. Located in between legally protected Dalsung wetands and lowland regions of the retarding basin, riverine natural levee is ecologically important area as core habitat for Kaloula borealis, and high number of individuals were detected both breeding and non-breeding seasons. Temperate- and pressure-related meteorological elements are selected as statistically significant variables in species abundance of non-breeding season in lowland and highland regions. However, in sloped regions, only a few variables are statistically significant during non-breeding season. Moreover, breeding activities in sloped regions are statistically significant with minimum temperature, grass minimum temperature, dew point temperature, and vapor pressure. Significant meteorological factors with habitat features are effectively applied to establish species conservation strategy of the retarding basin and to construct for avoiding massive road-kills on neighboring roads of the study sites, particularly post-breeding movements from spawning to burrowing areas.

Assessment of Rainfall Runoff and Flood Inundation in the Mekong River Basin by Using RRI Model

  • Try, Sophal;Lee, Giha;Yu, Wansik;Oeurng, Chantha
    • Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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    • 2017.05a
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    • pp.191-191
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    • 2017
  • Floods have become more widespread and frequent among natural disasters and consisted significant losses of lives and properties worldwide. Flood's impacts are threatening socio-economic and people's lives in the Mekong River Basin every year. The objective of this study is to identify the flood hazard areas and inundation depth in the Mekong River Basin. A rainfall-runoff and flood inundation model is necessary to enhance understanding of characteristic of flooding. Rainfall-Runoff-Inundation (RRI) model, a two-dimensional model capable of simulating rainfall-runoff and flood inundation simultaneously, was applied in this study. HydoSHEDS Topographical data, APPRODITE precipitation, MODIS land use, and river cross section were used as input data for the simulation. The Shuffled Complex Evolution (SCE-UA) global optimization method was integrated with RRI model to calibrate the sensitive parameters. In the present study, we selected flood event in 2000 which was considered as 50-year return period flood in term of discharge volume of 500 km3. The simulated results were compared with observed discharge at the stations along the mainstream and inundation map produced by Dartmouth Flood Observatory and Landsat 7. The results indicated good agreement between observed and simulated discharge with NSE = 0.86 at Stung Treng Station. The model predicted inundation extent with success rate SR = 67.50% and modified success rate MSR = 74.53%. In conclusion, the RRI model was successfully used to simulate rainfall runoff and inundation processes in the large scale Mekong River Basin with a good performance. It is recommended to improve the quality of the input data in order to increase the accuracy of the simulation result.

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An Experimental Study on the Material Properties of the EG/AD Model Ice Used for Ice Model Basins (빙해수조용 EG/AD 모형빙의 재료특성 실험)

  • Kim, Jung-Hyun;Choi, Kyung-Sik
    • Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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    • v.25 no.1
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    • pp.49-55
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    • 2011
  • The EG/AD/S model ice, originally developed by Timco (1986), was selected as the primary model ice material for the newly built MOERI Ice Model Basin in Korea. However, the existence of a sugar component in the EG/AD/S mixture may cause a serious maintenance problem, as described in certain references. This study focuses on the tests of the mechanical properties of the EG/AD/S and the EG/AD model ice. In order to understand the influence of sugar in the original EG/AD/S model ice and to find a possible substitute for sugar, a series of tests with the EG/AD model ice were performed, and the results were compared to those of the EG/AD/S model ice. The relatively large size of the MOERI Ice Model Basin made it difficult to control the initial strength of model ice, so it took a much longer time to achieve the target strength. In order to obtain a lower strength and stiffness for the model ice, the amount of chemical additives may be varied to achieve the desired strength level. This paper is a preliminary study aimed at seeking a possible substitute for the original EG/AD/S model ice for utilization in a large-scale ice tank. To understand the influence of sugar in the original EG/AD/S model ice, the mechanical properties of the EG/AD/S and EG/AD model ice, such as flexural strength, compressive strength, and elastic modulus, were tested in the laboratory condition and compared to each other. The warm-up procedure seems to be an important factor to reduce ice strength in the tests, so it is discussed in detail.

A Stochastic Analysis of the Water Quality on the Basin of Soyang River with Discharge Variation (유량변동에 따른 소양강유역 수질의 통계학적 해석)

  • Choi, Han-Kyu;Baek, Kyung-Won;Choi, Yong-Mook;Choi, Jin-Woo
    • Journal of Industrial Technology
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    • v.21 no.B
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    • pp.233-240
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    • 2001
  • This research was conducted with the aim of efficiently managing large scale of rivers such like Songyang-river through predicting water quality change with analyzing the characteristics of the flowing in nutrients and pollutants. The main result will be used as basic data for effectively operating reservoirs through controling water quality and quantity. The relationship between quantity of flow and water quality was analyzed and pollution loading into the basin was estimated. Three areas of Soyang-river upstream and one area of Suip-cheon in Yanggu-gun were selected as research sites. Flow and water quality were measured simultaneously. The relation between quantity of discharge and pollution concentration and between quantity of discharge and pollution loading were analyzed by statistical method, respectively. We provided a rating curve through measuring quantity of discharge(collecting quantity of discharge) and pollutograph and pollution loading curve through water quality data. Also, we analyzed the correlation between quantity of discharge per unit area and pollution loading per unit area in each basin. As resurt of this research, Buk-cheon spot revealed an excellent first grade water quality for the items including $BOD_5$, DO, and SS. The correlation coefficient between Buk-cheon spot's quantity of discharge and pollution loading was 0.896~0.996, showing the validity of analysis applying correlation curve formula of quantity of discharge and pollution loading in the same spot. Also, pollution loading per unit area of the items including $BOD_5$, COD, DO, SS, T-N, T-P increased as the area of basins get increased following the sequence of Buk-cheon, Suip-cheon, Naelin-cheon spots.

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