• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.1363-1367
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• 2014

This research was conducted to compare differences in colon cancer lymphatic vessel invasion (LVI) with D2-40 antibody labeling and regular HE staining, blood vessel invasion (BVI) with CD34 antibody labeling and HE staining and to assess the possibility of using D2-40-LVI/CD34-BVI in combination for predicting stage II colon cancer prognosis and guiding adjuvant chemotherapy.Anti-D2-40 and anti-CD34 antibodies were applied to tissue samples of 220 cases of stage II colon cancer to label lymphatic vessels and small blood vessels, respectively. LVI and BVI were assessed and multivariate COX regression analysis was performed for associations with colon cancer prognosis. Regular HE staining proved unable to differentiate lymphatic vessels from blood vessels, while D2-40 selectively labeled lymphatic endothelial cell cytosol and CD34 was widely expressed in large and small blood vessels of tumors as well as normal tissues. Compared to regular HE staining, D2-40-labeling for LVI and CD34-labeling for BVI significantly increased positive rate (22.3% vs 10.0% for LVI, and 19.1% vs 9.1% for BVI). Multivariate analysis indicated that TNM stage, pathology tissue type, post-surgery adjuvant chemotherapy, D2-40-LVI, and CD34-BVI were independent factors affecting whole group colon cancer prognosis, while HE staining-BVI, HE staining-LVI were not significantly related. When CD34-BVI/D2-40-LVI were used in combination for detection, the risk of death for patients with two or one positive results was 5.003 times that in the LVI(-)&BVI(-) group (95% CI 2.365 - 9.679). D2-40 antibody LVI labeling and CD34 antibody BVI labeling have higher specificity and accuracy than regular HE staining and can be used as molecular biological indicators for prognosis prediction and guidance of adjuvant chemotherapy for stage II colon cancer.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.68-71
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• 1994

A tracheo-esophageal fistula following from blunt chest trauma is one of less common lesion and few guidelines are available to direct its optimal management. Herein, we report a 24-year-old man injured in a motor vehicular accident sustained a nonpenetrating double blowout injury of the thorax and large tracheoesophageal fistula occurred. Tracheal defect required resection and reconstruction, of which the membranous portion underwent closure with borrowed adjacent esophageal wall primarily and substernal left colon interposition was performed 4 weeks later.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.59-64
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• 1969

Three cases of traumatic diaphragmatic hernia were repaired in this department from June 1967 to Nov.1968. The first case, a 14 year old girl, was diagnosed as diaphragmatic hernia during the operation of the diffuse peritonitis from jejunaI perforation 3 days after the traffic accident at local clinic and she was transfered to this hospital after the closure of the perforated jejunum. Herniated stomach, transverse colon, spleen and left lobe of the liver were repositioned and the diaphragmatic rupture at the posterolateral portion of the left diaphragm was repaired with two layer sutures by transthoracic approach. The second case. a 26 year old man. was diagnosed immediately after the traffic accident at local clinic and transfered to this hospital 24 hours later. Herniated and distended stomach, transverse colon and jejunum were repositioned and the large diaphragmatic rupture, about 9 cm in length, from the posterolateral portion to the base of the pericardium was directly repaired with two layer sutures. The third case, a 26 year old man, who had a history of stab wound at left lower lateral chest two years ago,was admitted with the sudden onset of abdominal pain and vomiting. The diaphragmatic hernia was confirmed with barium enema. The herniated stomach and transverse colon through the defect, about 3.5 cm in diameter, at anterolateral portion of the left diaphragm, were repositioned and the defect was repaired with two layer sutures. All of the cases recovered uneventfully.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제44권1호
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• pp.87-89
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• 2006

A 55-year old Korean man, living in Mokpo-city, Jeollanam-do, Republic of Korea, visited a local clinic complaining of right upper quadrant pain and indigestion. At colonoscopy, he was diagnosed as having a carcinoma of the ascending colon, and thus, a palliative right hemicolectomy was performed. Subsequently, an adult fluke of Gymnophalloides seoi was incidentally found in a surgical pathology specimen of the lymph node around the colon. The worm was found to have invaded gut lymphoid tissue, with characteristic morphologies of a large oral sucker, a small ventral sucker, and a ventral pit surrounded by strong muscle fibers. This is the first reported case of mucosal tissue invasion by G. seoi in the human intestinal tract.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.834-843
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• 2011

Bacterial diversity was studied using PCR-DGGE, cloning and sequencing. DNA was isolated from digesta samples from stomach, ileum and colon of 28 weaned piglets (Large White${\times}$Mong Cai) fed dry control feed, naturally fermented liquid feed (FE) and a liquid diet with inclusion of rice distiller's residue feed. General bacterial diversity was described using DGGE analysis of the V3 region of 16S rDNA. The microbial populations in the stomach and the ileum were considerably influenced by the diet, while only marginal effects were observed in the colon. There was a large variation of the microbial flora in the stomach between individuals fed non-fermented diets. In contrast, animals fed diet FE had a more uniform microbial flora in the stomach and the ileum compared to the other diets. In total 47 bands from the DGGE profiles were cloned. In stomach, most frequently lactic acid bacteria were found. Feeding diet FE resulted in the occurrence of Pediococcus species in stomach and ileum. In pigs fed the other diets, Lactobacillus gallinarum, Lactobacillus johnsonii and Lactobacillus fermentum were found in stomach and ileum. Most of the sequences of bands isolated from colon samples and several from ileum matched to unknown bacteria, which often grouped within Prevotellaceae, Enterobacteriaceae, Bacteroidaceae and Erysipelotrichaceae. This study demonstrates that fermented liquid feed affects bacterial diversity and the specific microflora in stomach and ileum, which provides a potential to modulate the gut microflora with dietary means to increase the abundance of beneficial bacteria and improve piglets' health.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제13권11호
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• pp.1499-1507
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• 2000

This trial was to compare the digestive function of laboratory animals, which included omnivores (rats) and herbivores (rabbits, guinea pigs and hamsters). Ten weanling rats, rabbits, guinea pigs and hamster were randomly allocated in individual metabolic cages for a performance and a digestibility trial. Results showed that guinea pigs were significantly best in digestion of dietary crude protein and fiber. Rabbits, however, had the poorest nutrient digestion among the herbivores. Crude fiber digested significantly less by rats than by the herbivores (p<0.05). The digesta retention in the GI tract was longest in rabbits followed by guinea pigs, rats and hamsters. The relative length of the large intestine was significantly shorter in rats as compared to guinea pigs or hamsters. Both the weight and length ratio of the caecum or colon-rectum to the large intestine reflected the major site for fermentation that was the caecum in rabbits and the colon-rectum in guinea pigs. 10% of crude fiber diet did not result in damaged mucosa in any of the experimental animals in this trial.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.72-75
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• 2016

Pulmonary epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (PEH) is a rare, low-to-intermediate malignant tumor of endothelial origin. Computed tomography (CT) findings of PEH demonstrate multiple small bilateral nodules; however, to the best of our knowledge, there were no reports on PEH coexisting with other malignancies. Here, we reported on a case involving PEH in a patient with colon cancer and breast cancer which was misconceived as pulmonary meta- stasis. A 63-year-old woman who suffered from constipation for 2 weeks visited our hospital. Colonoscopy showed a large mass with obstruction on hepatic flexure. The histological diagnosis was adenocarcinoma of the ascending colon. Multiple nodules in both lungs and breast were observed on a chest CT scan. A core biopsy of a breast nodule was performed and a diagnosis of invasive ductal carcinoma of the left breast was made. Pulmonary nodules observed on the chest CT scan was considered as pulmonary metastasis from colon or breast cancer. Laparoscopic right hemicolectomy was performed. At the same time, wedge resection of the lung was performed and pathological diagnosis was PEH. Radiologic features of PEH were difficult to distinguish from lung metastasis. Therefore the author reported a rare case involving PEH in a patient with primary malignancy of colon and breast.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.336-338
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• 2011

5일령 한우 송아지가 식욕부진, 배변불능, 침울, 복부팽만으로 내원하였다. 결장폐쇄로 잠정진단하고 폐쇄 부위와 양태를 확인하기 위해 단순촬영과 조영촬영을 실시하였다. 단순촬영상에서 대장이 가스로 확장되어 있었으나 하행결장 내에 변은 존재하지 않았다. 조영촬영상에서는 조영제가 집적된 끝 부분이 확장된 결장내로 돌출해 있고 조영제가 모여 있는 중간 부위는 좁아져 있었다. 이들 소견은 부검에서 확인된 확장된 나선결장과 위축된 원위결장 사이의 점막성 폐쇄를 잘 설명해주었다. 방사선 조영촬영은 결장폐쇄의 위치 및 양태 확인에 효율적이라 판단된다.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.288-297
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• 2018

Background: The incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) is increasing, with metastasis of newly diagnosed CRC reported in a large proportion of patients. However, the effect of Korean Red Ginseng extracts (KRGE) on epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) in CRC is unknown. Therefore, we examined the mechanisms by which KRGE regulates EMT of CRC in hypoxic conditions. Methods: Human CRC cell lines HT29 and HCT116 were incubated under hypoxic (1% oxygen) and normoxic (21% oxygen) conditions. Western blot analysis and real-time PCR were used to evaluate the expression of EMT markers in the presence of KRGE. Furthermore, we performed scratched wound healing, transwell migration, and invasion assays to monitor whether KRGE affects migratory and invasive abilities of CRC cells under hypoxic conditions. Results: KRGE-treated HT29 and HCT116 cells displayed attenuated vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) mRNA levels and hypoxia-inducible $factor-1{\alpha}$ ($HIF-1{\alpha}$) protein expression under hypoxic conditions. KRGE repressed Snail, Slug, and Twist mRNA expression and integrin ${\alpha}V{\beta}6$ protein levels. Furthermore, hypoxia-repressed E-cadherin was restored in KRGE-treated cells; KRGE blocked the invasion and migration of colon cancer cells by repressing $NF-{\kappa}B$ and ERK1/2 pathways in hypoxia. Conclusions: KRGE inhibits hypoxia-induced EMT by repressing $NF-{\kappa}B$ and ERK1/2 pathways in colon cancer cells.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제46권2호
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• pp.266-274
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• 2022

Colon cancer, the third most frequent occurred cancer, has high mortality and extremely poor prognosis. Ginsenoside, the active components of traditional Chinese herbal medicine Panax ginseng, exerts antitumor effect in various cancers, including colon cancer. However, the detailed molecular mechanism of Ginsenoside in the tumor suppression have not been fully elucidated. Here, we chose the representative ginsenoside Rg3 and reported for the first time that Rg3 induces mitophagy in human colon cancer cells, which is responsible for its anticancer effect. Rg3 treatment leads to mitochondria damage and the formation of mitophagosome; when autophagy is inhibited, the clearance of damaged mitochondria can be reversed. Next, our results showed that Rg3 treatment activates the PINK1-Parkin signaling pathway and recruits Parkin and ubiquitin proteins to mitochondria to induce mitophagy. GO analysis of Parkin targets showed that Parkin interacts with a large number of mitochondrial proteins and regulates the molecular function of mitochondria. The cellular energy metabolism enzyme GAPDH is validated as a novel substrate of Parkin, which is ubiquitinated by Parkin. Moreover, GAPDH participates in the Rg3-induced mitophagy and regulates the translocation of Parkin to mitochondria. Functionally, Rg3 exerts the inhibitory effect through regulating the nonglycolytic activity of GAPDH, which could be associated with the cellular oxidative stress. Thus, our results revealed GAPDH ubiquitination by Parkin as a crucial mechanism for mitophagy induction that contributes to the tumor-suppressive function of ginsenoside, which could be a novel treatment strategy for colon cancer.