• Membrane and Water Treatment
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.51-57
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• 2024

The removal of phosphorus, especially phosphate-form phosphorus, is necessary in wastewater treatment. Biofouling induced by the quorum sensing mechanism is also a major problem in membrane bioreactor (MBR), which reduces membrane flux. This study introduces lanthanum-doped quorum quenching (QQ) beads into MBR, confirming their inhibitory effect on biofouling due to Rhodococcus sp. BH4 and their capacity for phosphorus removal through lanthanum adsorption. A batch test was conducted to access the phosphate adsorption of lanthanum-QQ (La-QQ) beads and lab-scale MBR to verify the effect of inhibition. The study aimed to identify distinctions among the MBR, QQ MBR, and La-QQ MBR. In the batch test, the phosphate removal rate increased as the volume of beads increased, while the unit volume removal rate of phosphate decreased. In the lab-scale MBR, the phosphate removal rates were below 20% in the control MBR and QQ MBR, whereas the La-QQ MBR achieved a phosphate removal rate of 74%. There was not much difference between the ammonia and total organic carbon (TOC) removal rates. Regarding the change in transmembrane pressure(TMP), 3.7 days were taken for the control MBR to reach critical pressure. In contrast, the QQ-MBR took 9.8 days, and the La-QQ MBR took 6.1 days, which confirms the delay in biofouling. It is expected that La-QQ can be used within MBR to design a more stable MBR process that regulates biofouling and enhances phosphate removal.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제35권5호
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• pp.1305-1311
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• 2014

The nickel oxide, the most widely used cathode material for the molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC), has several disadvantages including NiO dissolution, poor mechanical strength, and corrosion phenomena during MCFC operation. The surface modification of NiO with lanthanum maintains the advantages, such as performance and stability, and suppresses the disadvantages of NiO cathode because the modification results in the formation of $LaNiO_3$ phase which has high conductivity, stability, and catalytic activity. As a result, La-modified NiO cathode shows low NiO dissolution, high degree of lithiation, and mechanical strength, and high cell performance and catalytic activity in comparison with the pristine NiO. These enhanced physico-chemical and electrochemical properties and the durability in marine environment allow MCFC to marine application as a auxiliary propulsion system.

• Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Materials
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.355-358
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• 2016

We present the alignment characteristics of LC (liquid crystal) molecules on solution-derived HLO (hafnium lanthanum oxide) films fabricated using IB (ion-beam) irradiation. We then demonstrated that LC molecules can be homogeneously and uniformly aligned on the HLO film irradiated at an IB incident energy of 1.2 keV. Physicochemical analysis methods such as atomic force microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy were used to verify the LC alignment mechanism on the IB-irradiated HLO film. In addition, the electro-optical performance of a TN (twisted-nematic) cell fabricated using the IB-irradiated HLO film exhibited characteristics superior to those of the conventional TN cell fabricated using a rubbed polyimide layer.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제16권9호
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• pp.1360-1363
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• 2003

A feeding trial was conducted on pigs to study the effect of La on their growth performance. Sixty barrows were randomly assigned to two groups (each of which included three replicates) and they were fed same basal diet supplemented with 0 or 100 mg/kg lanthanum (La) respectively for 30 d. Blood samples were collected and analyzed to study the growth hormone secretion pattern. La residues in selected organs were analyzed to test the safety level. The results showed that average daily gain and feed conversion ratio of pigs were increased by 12.95% (p<0.05) and 6.78% (p<0.05) respectively with the supplementation of La. Blood samples analysis showed that peak amplitude, base-line level and mean level of growth hormone in serum were elevated by 80.42% (p<0.05), 70.99% (p<0.05) and 64.91% (p<0.05) respectively. No significant difference of La residues was found in selected organs between the control and La-treated group.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2003년도 춘계학술대회 논문집 센서 박막재료 반도체 세라믹
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• pp.287-290
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• 2003

Sol-gel processing of $BaTiO_3$ ceramics doped with La(0.01~1.00 at.%) were prepared from metal barium, titanium n-butoxide and lanthanum iso-propoxide. Characterization of the sol-gel-derived powder using XRD, SEM is also reported. The obtained results showed that insulator to semiconductor transition for highly donor-doped barium titanate was closely related to the incorporation of donor into the grains and to the resultant grain size, which were significantly affected by the sinterability of $BaTiO_3$ powders and sintering conditions used.

• 대한환경공학회지
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.206-213
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• 2014

영양염류인 질소와 인은 부영양화된 호소에 조류 발생의 주요원인 물질로 알려져 있다. 호소의 부영양화를 억제하기 위해서는 호소에 존재하는 영양염류 뿐 아니라 저니층에서 용출되는 것을 동시에 제거에 해야 한다. 이러한 문제점을 해결하기 위해 본 연구에서는 3가의 란탄이온에 암모니아성질소($NH_4{^+}-N$)에 대한 흡착능이 있는 제올라이트를 지지체로 이를 결합하여 호소수내에 용존되어 있는 영양염류 제거뿐만 아니라 퇴적층에서 용출되는 인을 지속적으로 흡착하는 복합체를 개발하여 조류의 성장을 억제하고자 하였다. 실험결과 란탄복합체의 흡착 특성을 평가하였을 때 $PO_4{^{3-}}-P$과 $NH_4{^+}-N$의 제거능력이 우수한 것을 확인할 수 있었으며, 이를 호소수에 적용시켰을때 Chl-a와 탁도가 시간에 따라 감소하는 경향을 나타냈다. 이러한 결과로 볼 때 본 연구에서 제작된 란탄복합체가 호소수에서 조류 억제 효과가 뛰어나다고 판단된다. 또한, 호소수에 란탄 복합체를 적용한 경우를 표준 48시간 급성 독성법으로 독성을 측정한 결과, 독성에 대한 영향이 관찰되지 않았다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제27권10호
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• pp.1581-1586
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• 2006

A La (III) ion-selective membrane sensor has been fabricated from poly vinyl chloride (PVC) matrix membrane, containing 3-hydroxy-N'-(pyridin-2-ylmethylene)-2-naphthohydrazide (HPMN) as a neutral carrier, potassium tetrakis (p-chlorophenyl) borate (KTpClPB) as an anionic excluder and ortho-nitrophenyloctyl ether (NPOE) as a plasticizing solvent mediator. The effects of membrane composition and pH as well as the influence of the anionic additive on the response properties were investigated. The sensor with 30% PVC, 62% solvent mediator, 6% ionophore and 2% anionic additive, shows the best potentiometric response characteristics. It displays a Nernstian behavior (19.2 mV per decade) across the range of $1.0{\times}10^{-2}-1.0{\times}10^{-7}$ M. The detection limit of the electrode is $7.0{\times}10^{-8}$ M ($\sim$10 ng/mL) and the response time is 15 s from $1.0{\times}10^{-2}$ up to $1.0{\times}10^{-4} $M and 30 s in the range of $1.0 {\times}10^{-5}-1.0{\times}10^{-7}$ M. The sensor can be used in the pH values of 3.0-9.0 for about seven weeks. The membrane sensor was used as an indicator electrode in the potentiometric titration of lanthanum ions with EDTA. It was successfully applied to the lanthanum determination in some mouth wash preparations.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제39권10호
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• pp.988-993
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• 2002

Lanthanum Stannate Pyrochlore($La_2Sn_2O_7$) 촉매를 이용하여 $NO_x$ 제거를 위한 전기화학 촉매 셀을 제조하였다. 촉매전극은 수열합성법을 통해 합성한 $La_2Sn_2O_7$ 분말과 안정화 지르코니아(YSZ) 분말을 혼합하여 촉매층 페이스트를 제조한 후 이를 YSZ 디스크 고체전해질 위에 스크린프린팅하여 후막을 도포하였다. 위와 같이 제조한 전기화학 셀의 $NO_x$ 분해 실험은 galvanostat을 이용하여 셀에 일정한 전류를 인가하고 700${\circ}C$에서 NO 0.1%와 산소 2%의 반응가스에 대한 분해 정도를 gas chromatography와 NOx analyzer를 이용하여 측정을 하였다. 촉매 전극의 두께와 소성 온도에 따른 촉매전극의 미세구조가 $NO_x$ 분해에 미치는 영향과 전류량(0.05∼0.6A)에 따른 $NO_x$ 분해율을 측정하였다.

• 한국동물학회지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.188-195
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• 1991

북방개구리 여보 난자의 배경계를 이용하여 calcium의 이동과 관련이 있는 것으로 알려진 lanthanum ion (La3 +)이 난자의 성숙에 미치는 효과를 조사하였다. La3 +을 배양액에 처리하면 (O.O1-1.O mM)농도에 의존하여 난자의 성숙이 유도되었으며, 배양후 9-12시간애에 핵붕괴가 일어났다. La3 +처리는 자발적 성숙을 일으키는 난자의 성숙을 촉진하였으며, 3시간 동안의 처리로도 성숙 유도 효과가 있었다. La3 +에 노출된 여포들의 progesterone 수준을 RIA로 측정하여 본 결과 이 이온의 효과가 호르몬의 새성과는 무관하다는 것을 알았다. La3 +에 의한 난자의 핵붕괴는 forskolin(9 $\mu$ M)이나 cyclobeximide (0.01 - 1.0 - $\mu$g/2 ml)에 의하여 억제되었다. La3 +에 의한 성숙과정에 나타나는 단백질 양상 및 인산화 양상의 변화는 progesterone에 의한 것과 같은 경로를 거치는것과 같았다. 이로보아 La3 +의 자극에 의한 성숙과정이 progesterone에 의한 것과 같은 경로를 거치는 것으로 보이며 따라서 Ca2+이 난자의 성숙 조절에 중요한 역할을 한다는 것을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국분말재료학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.208-213
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• 2019

In this study, lanthanum oxide ($La_2O_3$) dispersed molybdenum ($Mo-La_2O_3$) alloys are fabricated using lanthanum nitrate solution and nanosized Mo particles produced by hydrogen reduction of molybdenum oxide. The effect of $La_2O_3$ dispersion in a Mo matrix on the fracture toughness at room temperature is demonstrated through the formation behavior of $La_2O_3$ from the precursor and three-point bending test using a single-edge notched bend specimen. The relative density of the $Mo-0.3La_2O_3$ specimen sintered by pressureless sintering is approximately 99%, and $La_2O_3$ with a size of hundreds of nanometers is uniformly distributed in the Mo matrix. It is also confirmed that the fracture toughness is $19.46MPa{\cdot}m^{1/2}$, an improvement of approximately 40% over the fracture toughness of $13.50MPa{\cdot}m^{1/2}$ on a pure-Mo specimen without $La_2O_3$, and this difference in the fracture toughness occurs because of the changes in fracture mode of the Mo matrix caused by the dispersion of $La_2O_3$.