• English Language & Literature Teaching
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• no.1
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• pp.159-187
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• 1995

The purpose of this study is to investigate common errors made by Korean learners in English composition and to find out what is an effective and appropriate teaching method of English composition in Korea. For these purposes, 197 students on the third grade in high school were selected as the subjects of this research. The students were tested by way of the immediate translation of 31 simple Korean sentences into English which are supposed to be easy for those students to write without any difficulty. About 2 minutes were given for testing each sentence. The results are as follows : First. the whole sum of errors made by 197 students was 2,972 and these types of errors were classified into 13 categories by Duskova's grammatical method and James'. The errors with comparatively high frequency were prepositional errors(17.2%), verbal errors(15.4%), and the errors with low frequency were article errors(1.9%), to-infinitive errors. Second, when Korean students learn English as a target language, overgeneralization(33.6%) and reduction(17.5) influenced the learners much more greatly than language transfer(22.2) did. But the influence of language transfer including interference & overgeneralization(l5.2%) and interference & reduction(10.7%) was no less than 48.1%. The statistics shows that the learners have a tendency to analyze, systematize and regularize the target language when they start to learn a new language.

• The Journal of Korean Association of Computer Education
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.37-44
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• 2010

Recently, the scientific approach to brain engineering is actively being made for effective foreign language learning and diagnosis. In order to supplement the problem of preexistence paper exam, the study aimed to develop a tool for foreign language fluency diagnosis which based on brain engineering. The proposed tools in the paper indirectly measure the aspects of brain information processing by testing learners' 3 abilities of linguistic memory, comprehension, and language production in 5 different ways.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.195-199
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• 2011

There are many causes for the variation of the result in oral proficiency test such as the examiner, the task, the theme of the interview, and the gender of the participants. Previous literature documents that the rater is an important variable influencing test scores of second language oral proficiency. Although much research in language testing has been conducted concerning rater effect on test scores, there has been little attention paid to the effect of potential rater variables in language testing on their rating process. There are noticeably different contents of the rating scales across different speaking tests developed in different context. Therefore, it would not be appropriate to apply the same rating criteria for various tasks. In conclusion, we need more subject protocol analyses and more thoughtful studies on rating processes. In other words, the oral proficiency test needs a more realistic and valid tool for the assessment of second language proficiency.

• Journal of The Korean Association of Information Education
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.353-361
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• 2012

In current knowledge-based society, development and growth of IT industry is essential for a nation's competitiveness since economic power depends on IT industry in many countries. Thus, it is necessary to identify and foster gifted children in IT as early as possible. The purpose of this paper is to identify if EPL is proper language for testing programming ability of the gifted children in IT. Scratch language is selected as an EPL. For the experiment, gifted children from a gifted institution at some university are selected and their programming test scores are gathered and analyzed. Based on statistical analysis, the conclusion is that Scratch language is not proper for testing programming ability for the gifted children in IT. This result will be helpful for selection examinations, curriculum for gifted education in IT.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.633-652
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• 2024

Software testing is an important phase as it ensures the software quality. The software testing process comprises of three steps: generation, execution, and evaluation of test cases. Literature claims the usage of single and multiple 'Unified Modeling Language' (UML) diagrams to generate test cases. Using multiple UML diagrams increases test case coverage. However, the existing approaches show limitations in test case generation from UML diagrams. Therefore, in this research study, we propose an approach to generate the test cases using UML State Chart Diagram (SCD), Activity Diagram (AD), and Sequence Diagram (SD). The proposed approach transforms UML diagrams into intermediate forms: SCD Graph, AD Graph, and SD Graph respectively. Furthermore, by integrating these three graphs, a System Testing Graph (STG) is formed. Finally, test cases are identified from STG by using a traversal algorithm such as Depth First Search (DFS) that is an optimization method. The results show that the proposed approach is better compared to existing approaches in terms of coverage and performance. Moreover, the generated test cases have the ability to detect faults at the unit level, integration, and system level testing.

• International Journal of Reliability and Applications
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.27-39
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• 2006

Many real world cases in material failure analysis do not follow perfectly the normal distribution. Forcing of the normality assumption may lead to inaccurate predictions and poor product quality. We examine the failure process of the internal bond (IB or tensile strength) of medium density fiberboard (MDF). We propose a forced censoring technique that closer fits the lower tails of strength distributions and better estimates extremely smaller percentiles, which may be valuable to continuous quality improvement initiatives. Further analyses are performed to build an accelerated common-shaped Weibull model for different product types using the $JMP^{(R)}$ Survival and Reliability platform. In this paper, a forced censoring technique is implemented for the first time as a software module, using $JMP^{(R)}$ Scripting Language (JSL) to expedite data processing, which is crucial for real-time manufacturing settings. Also, we use JSL to automate the task of fitting an accelerated Weibull model and testing model homogeneity in the shape parameter. Finally, a package script is written to readily provide field engineers customized reporting for model visualization, parameter estimation, and percentile forecasting. Our approach may be more accurate for product conformance evaluation, plus help reduce the cost of destructive testing and data management due to reduced frequency of testing. It may also be valuable for preventing field failure and improved product safety even when destructive testing is not reduced by yielding higher precision intervals at the same confidence level.

• Korean Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery
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• v.61 no.12
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• pp.644-649
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• 2018

Background and Objectives The objective of this study was to examine the effect of early cochlear implantation (CI) performed in infants less than 12 months of age. Subjects and Method Twenty-five children who received their first CI before 12 months of age were included in this study (infant group). The speech perception and language outcomes of these children were compared with those of 14 children who received their first CI between 13 and 24 months of age (older group). All children received sequential bilateral CI with the inter-stage interval of less than 2 years. Speech perception was measured using Categories of Auditory Performance, monosyllabic word test and sentence test, and language ability was measured using Sequenced Language Scale for Infants, Preschool Receptive-Expressive Language Scale, or Receptive & Expressive Vocavulary Test, depending on the age at the time of testing. Results There were no significant differences in speech perception abilities between the infant group and the older group. The mean expressive language score of infant group was higher than that of the older group, but the difference was not statistically significant. However, the receptive language score of infant group was significantly higher than that of the older group. Conclusion Children who received CI before 12 months of age achieved better receptive language ability than those who received it after 12 months of age. Thus CI should be performed as early as before 12 months of age to achieve better language ability.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.873-876
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• 2016

Background: Studies of quality of life (QoL) of oncological patients is carried out using questionnaires approved in many international clinical studies. The European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer EORTC QLQ-C30 (Quality of Life Questionnary-Core 30) and its special brain cancer module EORTC QLQ-BN20 are widely used in the world neurooncologic practice. They are available in more than 80 official versions of 30 languages of the world. Previously we used the official versions in Russian, which often causes difficulty in understanding for native Kazakh language speakers, who comprise more than 60% of our respondents. This was the reason for creating a version of Kazakh language. Therefore, in 2014 for the first time the process of adaptation of questionnaires to the Kazakh language was initiated. Materials and Methods: The translation process of questionnaires to Kazakh language was held in accordance with the requirements of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer EORTC on QoL and consisted of the following stages: preparation - translation - pilot testing - approval. The official permission of authors and "Guideline on translation" was obtained which was developed by the working group of the EORTC on QoL. The pilot testing of EORTC QLQ-C30 and QLQ-BN20 questionnaires was conducted on the basis of the Department of Central Nervous System Pathology of the "National Centre for Neurosurgery" in patients with malignant tumors of the central nervous system. Results: The official versions of the EORTC QLQ-C30 and QLQ-BN20 questionnaires in Kazakh language were introduced and adapted in practical neurosurgical operations in Kazakhstan. Conclusions: The approved versions of the questionnaires in Kazakh language are now available for mainstream use on the official website EORTC.com. The versions of these questionnaires can be used in domestic cohort studies and clinical practice in the Republic of Kazakhstan. The use of these tools for assessing QoL will help professionals in the planning of individual treatment strategies and selection of the necessary therapy.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.20 no.2E
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• pp.3-8
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• 2001

In this paper, we will examine a Korean large vocabulary continuous speech recognition (LVCSR) system for broadcast news speech. The combined vowel and implosive unit is included in a phone set together with other short phone units in order to obtain a longer unit acoustic model. The effect of this unit is compared with conventional phone units. The dictionary units for language processing are automatically extracted from eojeols appearing in transcriptions. Triphone models are used for acoustic modeling and a trigram model is used for language modeling. Among three major speaker groups in news broadcasts-anchors, journalists and people (those other than anchors or journalists, who are being interviewed), the speech of anchors and journalists, which has a lot of noise, was used for testing and recognition.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.425-432
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• 1987

The microprogram is the key technology of the implementation of the processor's control unit. But the coding and testing it is the most tedious process in the developing a new computer system. We developed the conversational micro architecture simulator(C-MAS) in order to use it as a microprogram development tool and a run time analyzer of the microprogram. We discuss the hardware description language(HDL) for a smulation, the design constraints of the C-MAS, and the user interface of it in this paper. We used the C language as the description language, and developed it on the berkeley UNIX4.2.