• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.165-180
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• 2006

Objective : This study has been carried out to understand the effect of several herbal medicine concentrated solution on the hyperglycemic mice Induced with streptozotocin(STZ). Methods : The 60 mg/kg of STZ injection into mice twice by 24 h interval and then 120 mg/kg of STZ injection again 3 days after the earlier injection. Control group was subjected to natural recovery, however, treated groups were fed 0.2 ml of several herbal medicine-concentrated solution (PA (x2, several herbal medicine-concentrated solution 1 group); PB (x4 several herbal medicine-concentrated solution 2 group) daily for 6 weeks. Result : The weight of PA was higher than that of control, but weight of PB was lower than control. The blood level of control increased continuously, reaching to 350mg/dL after 6 weeks, however, PA and PB showed a fast reduction of blood glucose. In blood glucose tolerance test, PA and PB showed better resistance than control. The GOT level in significantly(p<0.05) decreased in PA and PB compared with control group. The BUN and creatinine levels are significantly(p<0.01) decreased in PA compared with control group. Feeding of several herbal medicine-concentrated solution in a concentration of PA had an efficient effect on regeneration or recovery of Langerhans islet and ${\beta}-cell$ damaged by STZ. More Langerhans islet and high insulin-immunohistochemical resistance were observed in PA compared with control, but they were higher in PB than in PA. The number of Langerhans islet ${\beta}-cell$ and Langerhans islet. Conclusions : The result from the six weeks of observation demonstrates that the several herbal medicine concentrated solution have a positive effect of lowering the level of blood sugar and they increased insulin concentration. They have an effect for recovery of pancreas tissue and recovery of kidney, liver function from a diabetes mellitus.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.19 no.7
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• pp.923-927
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• 2009

Effects of deep sea water on blood glucose and the Langerhans' islet in STZ-induced type I diabetic mice were investigated. Results showed that diabetic symptoms in STZ-induced diabetic mice improve with a supplement of deep sea water. That is, the level of blood glucose was lower, the area of the Langerhan' islet was wider, and the number of pancreatic $\beta$-cells was larger in the diabetic mice supplied with deep sea water than in the diabetic mice supplied with tap water. Such effects might be related to the high level of Mg$^{2+}$ in the deep sea water.

• Reproductive and Developmental Biology
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.299-304
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• 2010

To identify the treatment effect of lactic acid bacteria for diabetes, the treatment effects of a single administration of acarbose (a diabetes treatment drug) or lactic acid bacteria, and the mixture of acarbose and lactic acid bacteria on diabetes in a type 1 diabetes animal model, were studied. In this study, streptozotocin was inoculated into a Sprague-Dawley rat to induce diabetes, and sham control (Sham), diabetic control (STZ), STZ and composition with live cell, STZ and composition with heat killed cell, STZ and composition with drugs (acarbose) were orally administered. Then the treatment effect on diabetes was observed by measuring the body weight, blood glucose, and serum lipid. For the histopathological examination of the pancreas, the Langerhans islet of the pancreas was observed using hematoxylin and eosin staining, and the renal cortex, outer medullar, and inner medullar were also observed. The induced diabetes decreased the body weight, and the fasting blood glucose level decreased in the lactic-acid-bacteria-administered group and the mixture-administered group. In addition, the probiotic resulted in the greatest decrease in the serum cholesterol level, which is closely related to diabetes. Also, the hematoxylin and eosin staining of the Langerhans islet showed that the reduction in the size of the Langerhans islet slowed in the lactic-acid-bacteria-administered group. The histopathological examination confirmed that the symptoms of diabetic nephropathy decreased in the group to which viable bacteria and acarbose were administered, unlike in the group to which dead bacteria was administered. The mixture of lactic acid bacteria and acarbose and the single administration of lactic acid bacteria or acarbose had treatment effects on the size of the Langerhans islet and of the kidney histopathology. Thus, it is believed that lactic acid bacteria have treatment effects on diabetes and can be used as supplements for the treatment of diabetes.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.133-143
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• 2021

Background Extensive research has been conducted on islet transplantation as a possible cure for diabetes. Islet transplantation in the liver via the portal vein has shown remarkable results, but numerous other recipient sites are currently being investigated. We aimed to show the effectiveness of using a muscle flap as a recipient site for islet transplantation. Methods Islet cells were harvested from 12 isogenic Lewis rats, and then diabetes was induced in another 12 isogenic Lewis rats by streptozotocin injection. In six rats, 3,000 islets were transplanted into gastrocnemius muscle flaps, and in the other six rats, the same number of islets were transplanted into the gastrocnemius muscle. The transplanted islet cell function between the two groups was compared by means of blood glucose tests, glucose tolerance tests, immunohistochemistry, and real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Results In the muscle flap group, blood glucose levels significantly decreased after islet transplantation. Blood glucose levels were significantly different between the two groups at 3 weeks after transplantation. The muscle flap group showed nearly normoglycemic results upon the glucose tolerance test, whereas the muscle group was hyperglycemic. Immunohistochemical evaluation showed positive results against insulin and glucagon in biopsies of both groups, and the islet cell density was higher in the muscle flap group. There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction results. Conclusions Our results suggest that muscle flaps are promising candidates for islet cell transplantation.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.211-215
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• 2003

To examine the localization pattern of phospholipase D2 (PLD2) in the pancreatic islet (the islet of Langerhans) depending on species, we conducted a morphological experiment in the rat and guinea pig. Since individual islets display a typical topography with a central core of B cell mass and a peripheral boundary of A, D, and PP cells, double immunofluorescent staining with a panel of antibodies was performed to identify PLD2-immunoreactive cells in the islets PLD2 immunoreactivity was mainly present in A and PP cells of the rat pancreatic islets. And yet, in the guinea pig, PLD2 immunoreactivity was exclusively localized in A cells, and not in PP cells. These findings suggest a possibility that PLD2 is mainly located in A cells of rodent pancreatic islets, and that the existence of PLD2 in PP cells is not universal in all species. Based on these results, it is suggested that PLD2 may play a significant role in the function of A and/or PP cells via a PLD-mediated signaling pathway.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.214-219
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• 2004

This experiment was performed to investigate the effect of Sinjigolpy-tang on the diabetic rats induced by STZ. After experimental diabets was induced by 55mg/kg of STZ injection, we administered Sinjigolpy-tang extract for 14 days after STZ injection. Glucagon and insulin granules in Langerhans islets were stained by use of immunohistochemical(ABC) method and observed the relative amount of the each granules in Langerhans islet by light microscope and image analysis system. Area % of insulin granules in Langerhans islets in Sinjigolpy-tang increased and showed the statistically significant difference with the control group at 14th day. Area % of glucagon granules in Langerhans islets in Sinjigolpy-tang decreased and showed the statistically significant difference with the control group at 7th and 14th day. It can be inferred that Sinjigolpy-tang has a control effect on glucagon and insulin granules in Langerhans islets of diabetic rats induced by STZ.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.152-158
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• 1985

In order to investigate the antidiabetogenic activity of T. kirilowii on the alloxan-treated mice, the effects of the oral administration of the methanol extract on the blood glucose, the survival rate and the histological changes of the Langerhans' islet were observed. The blood glucose was reached at the highest levels of $265.03\pm15.07$ and $186.41\pm0.16mg/dl at 30 min after alloxan injection, and at the lowest levels of $43.35\pm5.28$ at 4 hour and $20.40\pm3.264mg/dl at 10. hour in experimental and control group, respectively. 57.15% of the experimental group and 4.2%, of the control group were survived more than 24 hours. The life spans of the mice, which were dead within 24 hours, were $631.45\pm60.17$ for the experimental group and $414.60\pm36.24$ min for the control group. The mice from the control group, which were dead within 10 hours, showed totally necrotized $\alpha$- and $\betha$-cells. However, 3 of the 10 mice from the experimental group, which were survived until 24 hours, showed a normal histological feature of the Langerhans' islet.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.145-149
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• 1993

실험대상(實驗對象)으로서 유우(乳牛) 5두(頭)에게 50% 포도당(葡萄糖) $500m{\ell}$를 생리적식염수(生理的食鹽水)에 혼합(混合) 13~15회(回) 반복(反復) 경정맥(jugular vein)을 통해 주입후(注入後) 혈중(血中) insulin수준(水準)과 Langerhans islets의 조직화학(組織化學)을 관찰(觀察)한바, 혈중(血中) insulin의 수준(水準)은 포도당(葡萄糖)의 투여전(投與前)에 비(比)하여 4~11배(倍)나 증가(增加)됨이 관찰(觀察)되었다. 한편, Langerhans islet의 B cell도 포도당(葡萄糖)의 투여회수(投與回數)에 따라 특이(特異)하게 주름이 관찰(觀察)되었는데 이는 B cell에서의 insulin 합성능(合成能)을 높이는데 그 원인(原因)이 있었다고 본다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.117-123
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• 1992

The present study was undertaken in order to elucidate the effects of pretreatment with nicotinamide on changes in serum glucose level, body weight, water consumption, serum insulin concentration, and the activity of pancreatic enzyme in rats treated with streptozotocin (STZ). Histological studies were also carried out to evaluate the effects on pancreatic tissues and Langerhans's islet cells. Nicotinamide pretreatment in STZ diabetic rats inhibited the rise of fasting serum glucose concentration and water consumption. Pretreatment with nicotinamide significantly increased the concentration of serum insulin and body weight changes compared to the STZ-treated group. Pancreatic lipase and trypsin activities were increased, but amylase activity was decreased and pancreatic $\beta$ -cell was destroyed by STZ. Pvetreatment with nicotinamide prevented these STZ-induced changes. These results suggest that nicotinamide pretreatment supresses STZ-induced changes in pancreatic enzymes by preventing $\beta$-cell destruction and therefore maintaining a normal serum insulin revel.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.235-239
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• 2013

Encapsulation of tissue has been an area of intense research with a myriad number of therapeutic applications as diverse as cancer, tissue regeneration, and diabetes. In the case of diabetes, transplantation of pancreatic islets of Langerhans containing insulin-producing beta cells has shown promise toward a cure. However, anti-rejection therapy that is needed to sustain the transplanted tissue has numerous adverse effects, and the islets might still be damaged by immune processes. Furthermore, the profound scarcity of healthy human donor organs restricts the availability of islets for transplant. Islet encapsulation allows the protection of this tissue without the use of toxic medications, while also expanding the donor pool to include animal sources. Before the widespread application of this therapy, there are still issues that need to be resolved. There are many materials that can be used, differing shapes and sizes of capsules, and varied sources of islets to name a few variables that need to be considered. In this review, the current options for capsule generation, past animal and human studies, and future directions in this area of research are discussed.