• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.421-425
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• 2006

It can be important framework data to monitor the change of land-use pattern of river boundary in design and management of river. This study analyzed the change of land-use pattern of Gab and Yudeung River using time-series aerial images. To do this, we carried out radiation and geometric correction of image, and estimated land-use changes in inland and floodplain. As the analysis of inland, the ratio of residential, commercial, industrial, educational and public area, that is urbanized element, increases, but that of agricultural area shows a decline on the basis of 1990. Also, Minimum Distance Method, which is a kind of supervised classification method, is applied to extract water-body and sand bar layer in floodplain. As the analysis of land-use, the ratio of level-upped riverside land and water-body increases, but that of sand bar decreases. These time-series land use information can be important decision making data to evaluate the urbanization of river boundary, and especially it gives us goodness in river development project such as the composition of ecological habitat.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.299-311
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• 2011

The objective of this paper is to present a methodology for the classification of spatial patterns considering the parameters of urban form which play a significant role in the formation of the urban climate. The urban morphological parameters, i.e. building coverage, impervious pavement, vegetation, water, farmland and landuse types were used to classify the spatial patterns by a K-means cluster analysis. And the presented methodology was applied on Changwon city, South Korea. According to the results of cluster analysis, the total spatial patterns were classified as 24 patterns. First of all, The spatial patterns(A-1, A-2, A-3, B-1, B-2, B-3, C-1, C-2, C-3, D-1, D-2, D-3, E-1, E-2, E-3, F-1, F-2, F-3, G-1, G-2, G-3), which distributed in the rural area and the suburban area, can have the positive impacts of cold air generation and wind corridor on an urban climate environment, were distributed in the rural area. On the other hand, the spatial patterns of the downtown area including A-4, B-4, C-4 and D-4 are expected to have the negative impacts on urban climate owing to the of artificial heat emission or the wind flow obstruction. Finally, it will require the future research to analysis the climatic properties according to the same spatial patterns by the field survey.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.454-461
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• 2015

This study aims to classify the biotope types based on the vegetation community in built-up areas by different land use and to map the plant communities. By classifying biotopes according to a taxonomic system, the characteristics of a biological community can be well-represented. The biotope classification indexes for the target area include human behavioral factors such as land use intensity, land-use patterns and land-cover types. The type classification was divided into four hierarchic ranks starting with Biotope Class, next by Biotope Group and Biotope Type and lastly by Biotope Sub-Type. The Biotope Class was first divided into two areas: the areas improved by humans and the areas unimproved by humans. The improved areas were again divided into permeable and non-permeable regions on the Biotope Group level. In the Biotope Type level, permeable paving areas were divided into areas with wide gap pavers and those with narrow gap pavers. The differential species of each biotope type are Lindera glauca, Conyza canadensis, Mazus pumilus, Vicia tetrasperma, Crepidiastrum sonchifolium, Zoysis japonica, Potentilla supina and Festuca arundinacea. The results of this study suggest that the biotope classification methodology, using a subjective phytosociological approach, is a useful and valuable tool and the results also suggest the possibility of applying more objective and scientific methods in mapping and classifying various environments.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.82-95
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• 2011

The objective of this paper is to analyze the GIS-based water cycle system: rainfall, evapotranspiration, surface run-off of Gyeongsanam-do for the effective rainwater management. The rainfall(1999~2008) analyzed by a spatial interpolation method, showed relatively higher amount in Hadong-gun, Sanchung-gun, and Sacheon-gun on the southwest coast than in Changnyeong-gun, Miryang-si, and Changwon-si in the mideast inland. The evapotranspiration was calculated by the three independent variables: air temperature, landuse, and NDVI(normalized difference vegetation index). The analysis showed that Namhae-gun had the highest evapotranspiration of 93.71mm, and Jinhae-si and Changwon-si had the lowest values of 81.78mm and 84.37mm. The surface run-off was analysed by a run-off equation based on the SCS hydrologic soil classification and landuse. The amount of surface run-off showed that Hadong-gun had the highest value, of 90.40mm, and Geochang-gun had the lowest, of 46.69mm. The analysis results of the GIS-based water cycle system will be used to support the establishment of the effective rainwater management plan in Gyeongasngnam-do.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.232-245
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• 2017

In this study, the high-resolution numerical simulation results considering landuse characteristics are analyzed by using single layer Urban Canopy Model (UCM) in Weather Research Forecast (WRF). For this, the impact of urban parameters such as roughness length and anthropogenic heat in UCM is analyzed. These values are adjusted to Seoul metropolitan area in Korea. The results of assessment are verified against observation from surface and flux tower. Forecast system equipped with UCM shows an overall improvement in the simulations of meteorological parameters, especially temperature at 2 m, surface sensible and latent heat flux. Major contribution of UCM is appreciably found in urban area rather than non-urban. The non-urban area is indirectly affected. In simulated latent heat flux, applying UCM is possible to simulate the change similarly with observations on urban area. Anthropogenic heat employed in UCM shows the most realistic results in terms of temperature and surface heat flux, indicating thermodynamic treatment of UCM could enhance the skills of high resolution forecast model in urban and non-urban area.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.439-446
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• 2011

In this research, enhanced land-cover classification methods using high-resolution satellite image (HRSI) and GIS in terms of practicality and accuracy was proposed. It aims for understanding non-point pollutant origin/loading, assessment the efficiency of rainfall storage/infiltration facilities and sounds water-environment management. The result of applying enhanced land-cover classification methods to the urban region verifies that roof and road area are including various vegetations such as roof garden, flower bed in the median strip and street tree. This accounts for 3% of total study area, and more importantly it was counted as impervious area by GIS alone or conventional indoor work. The feasibility of the method was assessed by applying to rainfall-runoff analysis for three weak rainfall in the range of 7.1-10.5 mm events in 2000, Chiba, Japan. A good agreement between simulated and observed runoff hydrograph was obtained. In comparison, the hydrograph simulated with land-use parameters by the detailed land-use information of 10m grid had an error between 31%~71%, while enhanced method showed 4% to 29%, and showed the improvement particularly for reproducing observed peak and recession flow rate of hydrograph in weak rainfall condition.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.11-22
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• 1998

In Korea, the Demilitarized Zone(Hereafter DMZ) and the vicinity have special importance for a natural ecosystem research. However, We have difficulty in studying this region due to the access control. The purpose of this study is to analyze the landcover and the vegetation status of DMZ and the vicinity using remote sensing and GIS techniques. The site was divided into two regions; less than 2km from DMZ and less than 10 km from DMZ. The analyzed results of this study are as follow. First, the result of vegetation analysis is that the region of South and North Korea are similar in the area less than 2km from DMZ. However, the region of South Korea have good vegetation status than the region of South Korea in the area less than 10km from DMZ. Second, the result of landcover analysis is that the ratio of the landcover of South and North Korea decreased forest, agricultural and grass, built-up, barren area by turns in the area less than 2km from DMZ. However, the built-up area of South Korea increased as much as the forest area decreased and the other areas of North Korea increased as much as the forest area decreased in the area less than 10 km from DMZ. There are some differences in landcover between analyzed result and an existing statistical data. The causes are using one season setellite images, and an existing statistical data with landuse types. The analysis using remote sensing and GIS techniques is the most suitable method to understand the landcover and vegetation status of DMZ and the vicinity. Further studies are expected to overcome the limitation of this study.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2012.05a
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• pp.635-635
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• 2012

최근 공공분야 및 민간분야에서 고해상도 위성영상의 활용이 높아짐에 따라 이를 이용하여 수자원 분야의 치수계획 및 안전도 평가, 유역 홍수대응기술 분야에서의 다양한 활용이 비약적으로 증대되고 있는 실정이다. 고해상도 위성영상의 활용은 국지적 규모의 토지이용 변화 및 대기 상태의 모니터링을 위한 효과적인 기술로 인식되어 왔다. 우리나라의 KOMPSAT-2 위성은 GSD(Ground Sample Distance) 1m급의 전정색 영상과 4m급의 다중분광 영상을 동시에 제공하는 고해상도 위성이다. 그러나 다중분광센서의 복잡성과 보안성에 의해 영상이 제한적으로 제공되고 있어 KOMPSAT-2 위성영상을 이용한 다양한 연구가 미흡한 실정이다. 한편, 토지이용도의 제작은 다중분광 영상을 제공하는 위성영상을 이용하여 제작된다. 다중분광 영상이 제공하는 분광정보 및 공간정보 등으로 토지이용분류를 수행하거나 멀티센서 자료의 통합을 통한 토지이용분류 기법을 개발하여 제작하였다. 그러나 대부분 GSD 10m급 이상의 중 저해상도 위성영상을 이용하여 제작이 이루어져 수평위치 정확도 및 세부정보의 제공이 낮으며, 정보의 최신성이 결여되어 있다. 특히, 유역 치수안전도 평가를 위한 토지이용도 작성은 매우 중요한 부분을 차지하고 있으므로 이에 대한 연구가 필요하다. 이에 본 연구에서는 섬강유역을 대상으로 KOMPSAT-2 영상을 이용하여 유역 치수안전도 평가 및 치수계획 수립기술을 위한 토지이용도를 작성하고자 한다. 토지이용 분류방법은 감독분류와 무감독분류 방법을 조합하여 분류정확도를 개선시키는 하이브리드분류(hybrid classification) 방법을 이용하였으며, 분류기준의 선정은 환경부 토지이용분류 기준을 참고하여 1단위와 2단위 분류체계를 혼용하였다. 또한, 분류 후 후처리를 통하여 잡음을 제거하고 환경부의 토지이용도를 참조하여 육안판독으로 오분류된 지역을 보정하였다. 새롭게 작성된 토지이용도는 기존의 토지이용도와 비교 분석하여 토지이용변화 상황을 파악하고, 이를 통하여 KOMPSAT-2 영상의 토지이용도 개선 가능성을 검토하였다.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.313-321
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• 2012

To analyze the bird communities by the land use type, we surveyed 43 plots in Siheung City, Korea from Mar. 2009 to Feb. 2010 and classified the community by TWINSPAN and DCA. Classification result by TWINSPAN was classified into 4 communities. In the first division, waterbirds, such as spot-billed duck(Anas poecilorhyncha) and great egret(Egretta alba) operated as the differential species. In the second and third division, little grebe(Tachybaptus ruficollis) and eurasian sparrow(Passer montanus) were operated as the differential species. The relationship between land use types and classified bird communities, all plots of community I were located in the forest. Community II plots were contained all urban and several semi-natural land use types. Community III contains stream and rice paddy. Plots in the reservoir were classified community IV. The stream and rice paddy were classified into different communities, which were colsely related with the size of wetland paddy. Community III had the highest species diversity index and community II had lowest. Community III also had the highest maximum species diversity index and evenness index. The result of this study, small stream and small rice paddy located within the city have insignificant characteristics as the habitat for birds. Management size of semi-natural land use for wildbird habitat in the urban area should be considered for showing their habitat characteristics. If the classification of biotope type based on the scale of rice paddy and urban park and the type of landuse type in the riverside then we should be consider the standard of minium area.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.549-560
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• 2015

The priorities of siting restriction was derived from quantification of environmental hazard according to industrial classification based on 'Chemical Ranking and Scoring System(CRS)' which is handling the discharge characteristics of 31 industrial classifications regulated from locating at 'Industrial Complex in Rural Area(ICRA)'. CRS that is utilizing the data of 'Pollutant Release and Transfer Registers(PRTR)' is applied to determine human health risk and ecological risk which are calculated by discharged amount and materials $LC_{50}$ according to water, soil and air media based on industrial classification. From this process, exposure assessment and toxicity assessment for integrating the adverse environmental impact and the mitigation effect of environmental risk according to the development of environmental technologies into establishing the rational landuse management method for the 31 industrial classifications regulated from locating at ICRA was analyzed. From the assessment result of the siting restriction removal at ICRA for 31 industrial classifications, based on 2012 year reference 6 industries that includes Manufacture of Guilt Coloration Surface Processing Steel Materials, Manufacture of Biological Product, Manufacture of Smelting Refining and Alloys of Copper, Dyeing and Finishing of Fibers and Yarns, Manufacture of Other Basic Iron and Steel n.e.c., Rolling Drawing and Extruding of Non-ferrous Metals n.e.c. are calculated as having relatively lower environmental hazards, thus it is judged that the siting restriction mitigation at ICRA is possible for the 6 industrial classifications that are not discharging the specific hazardous water contaminants during manufacturing process.