• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2016.05a
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• pp.263-264
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• 2016

Since 2000s in Korea, apartment building tended to become goods or assets rather than houses. Therefore, conflicts between supplier and consumer were aggravated, and the defect dispute has been increased rapidly. This dispute enlarges to defect lawsuit and it is social and economical matter. The landscape work in apartment building is main work for a resident that appearance and convenient facility which lawn, tree, fountain, chair, playground, and etc. A number of defects surround landscape work are important issue in defect lawsuit, but, a related research is a minority, and a regulation is incomplete. Therefore, this study is basic study for standard of landscape defect type. As case study on defect lawsuit, draw a landscape defect type in apartment building.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture International Edition
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• no.2
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• pp.14-24
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• 2004

This study focused on 15 parks to investigate the actual developmental conditions for preservation type parks and artificial type parks in the 9 residential land development sites managed by the Korea Land Corporation in Daegu and Gyeongsangbukdo area from 1994 to 2002. Emphasis is placed upon the types of land use, park arrangements, park facilities, types of planted trees and landscaping expense, with a view to discovering ways of improving the efficiency of future park development.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.1-11
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• 2007

In the continued economic prosperity, concern about environment and landscape is converted to develop actual institutional system on conservation and management of landscape. In these transition periods, the objective of this study is to suggest limitations and improvements of landscape conservation system for each landscape type such as rural landscape, natural landscape, urban landscape, historical landscape through reviewing related policies, laws, and case studies. As a results, landscape conservation system is insufficient for each landscape type and is regulated sporadically by a few laws. In particularly, rural landscape has been damaged seriously since significance of it was lesser recognized than other landscape types. Urban landscape is managed by landscape ordinance and planning which local government developed, however it doesn't have effectiveness due to insufficient legal basis and related cases. Therefore to enhance recognition of landscape as well as to support the law of landscape which is established this year is required.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.48 no.5
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• pp.42-58
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to classify types of urban flower landscape. As a result of the study, first, through literature and case review, it was found that the four elements of place element, form element, natural element, artificial element, should be included in the sentence and key expression for defining the concept of flower landscape. In contemplating these four elements, a newly reconstructed concept of flower landscape was presented. This is expected to be the basis for the flower landscape integration theory. Second, flower landscape was defined as a genre and a unit of urban landscape. In addition, in order to build a system of flower landscape as a specialized area, after considering the concept, characteristics, and functions of a large category of urban landscape, its hierarchical categories with flower landscape were newly arranged. Thus, the flower landscape as an urban landscape was suggested. Third, in order to provide rational selection materials to consumers through type classification, related theories were investigated by expanding not only to the flower field, but also to the urban planning and urban ecology fields. 41 elements for the type classification were extracted, and 4 core elements were derived through the clustering process. Based on the 4 elements as the classification criteria, through the opinion verification from the FGI with experts, 9 types of middle-classification and 30 types of small-classification were derived. As a follow-up research suggestion, if a valid type is additionally established through a monitoring in the type application process, and more specified application types are developed and organized by expanding second-level classification hierarchy to the third-level hierarchy, this will lead to great studies improving the system of the types.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.31 no.7
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• pp.653-663
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• 2022

Research activities and discussions on specialized areas reflecting the specificity of landscape construction are necessary. Therefore, this study was conducted with the purpose of presenting basic data for efficient field management by deriving items necessary for safety management in landscape construction fields through experts' opinions. A survey was conducted using Delphi analysis to derive "management items" and "safety management items according to landscape type" for landscape construction field safety for a total of 15 landscape construction specialists. The survey results showed that four top items were derived from the "management items" for the safety of landscape construction fields; they include: "safety and health management organization and education," "industrial safety and health management expenses," "payment of personal protection," and "establishment of safety measures." In addition, two to five items for each higher item appeared and resulted in a total of 13 lower items. Personnel, organization, budget, etc. for safety management are always required in the field, and the monitoring part of whether these elements are working was also taken up as a management item. In the "Management items according to each landscape construction" a total of eight landscape type were distinguished, they include: 'Reinforced concrete work', 'Masonry work', 'Plaster's work', 'Waterproof work', 'Stone masonry work', 'Pavement work', 'Facilities work', and 'Planting work'. Furthermore, two to seven sub-items for each construction type were derived, and a total of 35 management items were presented.

• Magazine of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.40 no.6
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• pp.57-69
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• 1998

The creation of favorable water space, in our living circumferential space, is very important factor to offer rural scenery to neighbor residents. We are to introduce stream landscape arrangement technique considering favorable water environment against conventional methods. In this study, the modeling district is Seungdu small stream of Ansung river system in Pyung-Teak city, Kyonggi province, and we carried out stream landscape simulation. The arranging plans of landscape are classified ti three types. The first one is conservation type of ecological environment that can express natural characteristics of stream inherence, raise variety of living things and construct coexisting environment between human beings and the other living things. The secong one is favorable water approach type. The basic object of this type is space construction for easy approach to waterside and increase of comfortable feelings of spectators. The third one is water utilization/flood control management type. In planning of environmentally favorable landscape arrangement, this type is the most important but is likely to be ignored. This type is an arranging plan of stream landscape considering safety. Also, we developed Streams Landscape Simulation System(SLSS). This program can be used for comparison of original landscape image with simulated one. To apply SLSS on the interested stream, landscape simulation that is based on hydraulic characteristics, runoff, flow direction, detailed conditions of basin and ecosystem of stream have to be executed. In this point, developing a stereographical technique of image processing and exact study of applying plan have to be executed continually.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.10-18
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• 2001

The purpose of this study is to research the influence of soundscape in the preference of landscape. Specifically, Standards types of communications are applied to the landscape such as artificial waterscapes and natural valley. The spatial image was analyzed by the variables of Kaplan´s information processing model. The level of visual preferences was measured by a type of acoustic information in landscape and media of communication, and these data were analyzed by multiple regression. The results of this study can be summarized as follows; The value of landscape preference was not different from all fluent of coherence, complexity, legibility ,mystery and preference utilized the communication media, but it was different by the type of acoustic information in landscape. These results clearly show the influence of sound affecting decisions of landscape preference. The factors determining the level of landscape preference were found to be coherence, complexity, legibility, mystery and dummy variables of acoustic information in landscape and media od communication. These variables amy be the major factors which must be considered on planning and designing as the functional basis for the quantitative analysis.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.1-12
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• 1994

This paper reviews and examines the empirical results of past research concerning individual differences and similarities in landscape preference and evaluation. The conflicting results (differences and similarities) found in the review are attributed to the variety of methodology adopted by the past research and to the lack of comprehensive theoretical base in the field of landscape research. Two suggestions are derived from the review. First, both the landscape type to be evaluated and the measurement context to be used by research subjects have critical importance in results. Thus, it is suggested that researchers should be careful in selecting landscape type and measurement tool. Second, more scholartic endeavours should be put into a development of comprehensive theory of landscape experience that could explain both differences and similarities in people's landscape preference and evaluation. Once developed, the theory would not only provide us more valid and specific research methodology, but also allow us to design more healthy and valued landscape.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.51-60
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was investigating the managers' consciousness on the interior landscape in coffee shop, the actual measurement of the space size and greenary spaces of coffee shop for grasping the actual condition of interior landscape. The coffee shop was made and object of this research was 100 cases in the center of Taegu city. The major results of actual measurement of the ratio greenary and spaces are as follows; 1. The ratio greenary spaces in the indoor plants was account for 2.06% of the coffee shop area. 2. The managers recognized that the spaces area of the interior plantscape were narrow comparison with whole spaces area about the interior landscape. 3. A major arrangement type of the interior landscape was the dispersion type. 4. A major plants used for the interior landscape were foliage plants and also most of managers prefered foliage plant. 5.Generally, managers were high interested in the interior landscape but the experience knowledge and investment in the interior landscape were not sufficient.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture Conference
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• 2007.10b
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• pp.191-196
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• 2007

The Korean rural landscape has changed significantly due to nationwide modernization and industrialization in recent years. Moreover, as urbanization progresses due to population and economic growth, rural areas surrounding the suburbs of cities are feeling the pressure of encroaching urban sprawl. Use of land for human-made structures such as road and housing development is also increasing, resulting in the destruction of nature in rural areas. Adopting a concept of conserving rural landscape in future development projects is therefore highly desirable.The main focus of this study is to look into the traditional concept of the village and to classify some elements of the traditional rural landscape. Daegu Metropolitan City, the third metropolitan city in Korea, is chosen as the subject of the study. The existing 227 villages have been studied on the basis of their principles and types of village locations in relation to the traditional concepts of 'Feng-shui' and 'Tackriji'. The characteristics of the village location are divided into two aspects: the natural landscape, such as topography, hydrosphere, and azimuth, and the historical and cultural landscape, such as customs(Only the natural landscape aspect is included in this study). The natural landscape, a condition of the village location, is divided into three areas: topography, hydrosphere, and azimuth. There are two types of topography: flatland type and mountain type. There are two sub-types in the mountain type: ridge and valley, which depend on the village location in relation to the shapes of the mountains. There are four types of hydrosphere which include waterways and three directions of mountain depending on the shape: front, behind and side. The direction of the village is analyzed from the direction which the houses in the village face. Therefore, the natural landscape element as a condition of the village location is closely related to the traditional concepts of the village.