• Spatial Information Research
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.55-69
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• 2013

현대 사회에서 도시가 성장하고 건설기술이 발달하면서 토지의 이용이 입체화 및 고도화되었다. 이에 따라 지상, 지하공간에 대한 권리와 소유권 등의 문제가 야기되었고 현 2차원 지적관리 체계의 한계점이 드러났다. 이를 해결하기 위해서 3차원 지적을 구축하고자 지적을 정의하고 업무를 등록 관리하는 방안을 마련하는 것에 대한 연구가 진행되고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 실제 업무를 분석하여 현 업무등록을 위해 필요한 항목과 속성을 기존의 연구 결과에 추가하여 활용도를 높이고자 한다. 통합적인 3차원 지적관리 체계가 구축된다면 시민들에게 토지정보를 활용한 정보를 정확하고 신속하게 고품질의 서비스를 제공할 수 있을 것이며 업무 또한 쉽고 빠르게 처리될 수 있을 것이라고 예상된다. 그러므로 본 연구에서는 3차원 지적과 관련된 실제 업무 프로세스를 분석하여 각각의 항목과 속성을 도출하고 이를 기존의 연구에서 정의한 항목 요소에 포함시켜 국제 표준화에 맞는 항목 모델 개발방법을 제안하고자 한다.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.690-700
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• 2008

The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model users tend to use the readily available input dataset, such as the Ministry of Environment (MOE) land cover data ignoring temporal and spatial changes in land cover. The SWAT model was calibrated and validated with this land cover data. The EI values were 0.79 and 0.85 for streamflow calibration and validation, respectively. The EI were 0.79 and 0.86 for sediment calibration and validation, respectively. With newly prepared landcover dataset for the Doam-dam watershed, the SWAT model better predicts hydrologic and sediment behaviors. The number of HRUs with new land cover data increased by 70.2% compared with that with the MOE land cover, indicating better representation of small-sized agricultural field boundaries. The SWAT estimated annual average sediment yield with the MOE land cover data was 61.8 ton/ha/year for the Doam-dam watershed, while 36.2 ton/ha/year (70.7% difference) of annual sediment yield with new land cover data. Especially the most significant difference in estimated sediment yield was 548.0% for the subwatershed #2. Therefore it is recommended that one needs to carefully validate land cover for the study watershed for accurate hydrologic and sediment simulation with the SWAT model.

• 한국측량학회지
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.485-491
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• 2008

LiDAR systems are usually incorporated a laser scanner and GPS/INS modules with a digital aerial camera. LiDAR point clouds and digital aerial images acquired by the systems provide complementary spatial information on the ground. In addition, some of laser scanners provide intensity, radiometric information on the surface of the earth. Since the intensity is unnecessary of registration and provides the radiometric information at a certain wavelength on the location of LiDAR point, it can be a valuable ancillary information but it does not deliver sufficient radiometric information compared with digital images. This study utilize the LiDAR points as ground control points (GCPs) to adjust exterior orientations(EOs) of the stereo images. It is difficult to find exact point of LiDAR corresponding to conjugate points in stereo images, but this study used intensity of LiDAR as an ancillary data to find the GCPs. The LiDAR points were successfully used to adjust EOs of stereo aerial images, therefore, successfully provided the prerequisite for the precise registration of the two data sets from the LiDAR systems.

• 지적과 국토정보
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• 제48권2호
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• pp.51-64
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• 2018

본 연구는 현존하는 몽골 지적 시스템의 개선을 위해서 ISO 19152, 토지행정도메인모델(LADM)의 채택을 검토하였다. 현재의 몽골 지적시스템은 토지등록만을 위해 개발되었다고 할 수 있다. 따라서 이러한 점을 보완할 수 있고 현재의 문제점을 개선할 수 있는 새롭고 포괄적인 시스템이 필요한 실정이다. LADM은 국제표준으로서 2012년도 후반에 국제표준화기구(ISO)에 의해 제정되었으며, 지적 및 토지행정정보의 모델링을 통해 효율적이고 효과적인 지적시스템 개발과 지적의 공통어(온톨로지)를 제공하는 것을 목적으로 하였다. 본 연구에서는 몽골의 지적시스템인 Land Manager에 초점을 맞추어 몽골의 지적시스템에 LADM의 적용가능성을 검토하였다. 또한, Land Manager의 데이터 모델을 LADM의 해당되는 클래스별로 분석하여 각 모델간의 차이점에 의한 데이터 모델링을 수행하였다. 마지막으로 LADM 기반의 현재 문제점을 반영할 수 있는 새로운 몽골 지적시스템의 데이터 모델을 제시하였다.

• 토지주택연구
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.53-56
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• 2014

Hong Kong, a well-known metropolis characterized by skyscrapers on both sides of the Victoria Harbour, consists mainly of 3 parts, namely the Hong Kong Island, the Kowloon peninsula and the New Territories (N.T.) which is the land area north of Kowloon plus a number of outlying islands. Located in the N.T. are all the new towns, market towns; and in the plains and valleys lie scattered village houses of not more than 3 storeys within the confines of well-defined village. These village houses are governed by a rural housing policy that could be traced back to the very beginning of the former British administration in the N.T. By the Convention of Peking of 1898, the N.T., comprising the massive land area north of Kowloon up to Shenzhen River and 235 islands, was leased to Britain by China for 99 years from 1st July 1898. Soon after occupation, the colonial government conducted a survey of this uncharted territory from 1899 to 1903, and set up a land court to facilitate all land registration work and to resolve disputed claims. By 1905, the Block Crown Leases with Schedule of Lessees and details of the lots, each with a copy of the lot index plan (Demarcation Plan) were executed. Based on the above, Crown rent rolls were prepared for record and rent collection purposes. All grants of land thereafter are known as New Grant lots. After completion and execution of the Block Crown Lease in 1905, N.T. villagers had to purchase village house lots by means of Restricted Village Auctions; and Building Licences were issued to convert private agricultural land for building purposes but gradually replaced by Land Exchanges (i.e. to surrender agricultural land for the re-grant of building land) from the early 1960's until introduction of the current Small House Policy in October 1972. It was not until the current New Territories Small House Policy came into effect in December 1972 that the Land Authority can make direct grant of government land or approve the conversion of self-owned agricultural land to allow indigenous villagers to build houses within the village environs under concessionary terms. Such houses are currently restricted to 700 square feet in area and three storeys with a maximum height of 27 feet. An indigenous villager is a male descendent of a villager who was the resident of a recognized village already existing in 1898. Each villager is only allowed one concessionary grant in his lifetime. Upon return of Hong Kong to the People's Republic of China on July 1st, 1997, the traditional rights of indigenous villagers are protected under Article 40 of the Basic Law (a mini-constitution of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region). Also all N.T. leases have been extended for 50 years up to 2047. Owing to the escalating demand and spiral landed property prices in recent years, abuse of the N.T. Small House Policy has been reported in some areas and is a concern in some quarters. The Hong Kong Institute of Land Administration attempts to study the history that leads to the current rural housing policy in the New Territories with particular emphasis on the small house policy, hoping that some light can be shed on the "way forward" for such a controversial policy.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제60권6호
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• pp.133-144
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• 2018

To suggest the field maintenance plan considering the geographical characteristics of the region, we selected representative regions(plain regione and mountain region) and compared spatial distribution of cultivated land in Muan-gun and Hwasun-gun. Firstly, we examined the distribution characteristics of cultivated land according to the scope of the maintenance object with Fragstats. As a result of that, it was found that the cultivated area except rice paddy had the highest aggregation effect. And then, we developed type classification of maintenance considering geographic characteristics and cultivated crops information. As a result of classification, plain land type Muan region was mostly cultivated land suitable for integrated maintenance. On the other hand, Hwasun, a mountainous terrain, needs small-scale maintenance and road maintenance. Based on these results, it was found that more detailed planning is needed for the upland field infrastructure improvement considering the topographic characteristics.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2020

According to the 2012 social blue book released by the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, China's urban population reached 50% in 2011. With the migration from marriage and new household registration, many urban collective assets have been formed in cities. Due to the unclear property rights and the emptiness of the main body, the distribution of collective assets mostly depends on the village cadres. The central government is preparing relevant laws and regulations to fill this legal gap, while the scheme of restructuring is decided by the villagers' vote, the local government coordinate the land acquisition and management. With the process of urbanization, a large number of second-generation of demolition studied abroad, which has attracted worldwide attention. In addition to the huge amount of compensation, due to the continuous rising of the land price, the value of the collective property and enterprises on the land also keep rising, the management agency of these assets is named village economic cooperative. This paper seeks to analyze the current status and future direction of these wealthy organizations, propose solutions to some existing problems.

• 토지주택연구
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.13-30
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• 2019

Parking lot within housing site contains public interest of relieving parking space shortage problem and subject to public restriction. If auctioned off at higher price by excessive competition in general competitive bid for land bidders, the development of parking lot will be made against its original purpose supply. The core issue is that a bid price is quite often to be blown out of proportion by 150%~ 250% due to extreme competition and, could face serious problem if a winning bidder runs sale business. If it is rental business, although about 30% of the total floor space of the whole building to be used as neighborhood facilities, too high winning bid price cause to lose transparency. In case of sale at aggregate buildings, most business operators would sell 30% of the neighborhood facilities, spare the parking lot and manages thereof separately. According to Aggregate Buildings Act, neighborhood facilities are allowed for individual registration and ownership of parking lot by business operator or designated person by business operator. In this case, the parking lot becomes 70% of the total floor space of the whole building and 70% of the land share which makes the mortgage very valuable and easier for business operator to get financial loan. There used to be many cases such as owners of neighborhood facilities (aggregate buildings partial owners) who run parking lot to repay their loan running parking lot to repay loan, but found that very tough and reached auction and relatively disadvantaged. For parking lot within housing site, it is recommend to exclude the public factors that land has and take into account of public restriction in area (housing site). Business opportunity for operators and protection of property rights for buyers in aggregate buildings, land supply method is recommended to replace from highest bid method into draw or private contract. In terms of price, supply at estimated price (construction price) and restriction on usage (Co-ownership of parking lot) proposals are submitted.

• 지적과 국토정보
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• 제50권1호
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• pp.143-162
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• 2020

본 연구의 목적은 우리나라에 소개된 프랑스·네덜란드·일본·대만을 제외하고 지적제도와 토지등기제도의 통합사례를 조사 분석하여 그 유형을 도출하는데 있다. 연구 결과 터키·인도네시아·헝가리·체코·리투아니아 등에서 지적제도와 등기제도가 통합되어 있는 사실을 확인하였으며, 통합 사례를 분석한 결과 다음과 같이 세 가지 유형이 도출되었다. 첫째, 프랑스 형으로, 지적제도와 등기제도의 창설 당시부터 통합되어 중앙정부와 주정부는 행정부의 1개부에서 관장하고 있으나, 기초자치단체는 이를 분리하여 2개의 기관에서 관장하는 프랑스·터키 등이 있으며, 둘째, 네덜란드 형으로, 지적제도와 등기제도의 창설 당시부터 통합되어 행정부의 1개부에서 관장하는 네덜란드·인도네시아·리투아니아 등이 있고, 셋째, 일본 형으로, 지적제도와 등기제도의 창설 당시부터 분리되어 지적제도는 행정부에서, 등기제도는 사법부에서 관장하였으나, 이를 통합하여 행정부의 1개부에서 관장하는 일본·대만·헝가리·체코 등의 국가가 있다. 그리고 지적제도는 모든 국가가 행정부에서 관장하고 있으며, 등기제도는 일부 국가가 사법부에서 관장하고 있었으나, 통합한 후에는 모두 행정부에서 관장하는 것으로 분석되었다. 앞으로 지적제도와 등기제도의 통합사례에 관한 적극적인 연구가 이루어지길 바라며, 본 연구 결과가 지적과 등기제도의 통합 방안에 관한 연구의 기초자료로 활용될 수 있기를 기대한다.

• 지적과 국토정보
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• 제50권2호
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• pp.169-187
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• 2020

한국에는 1975년부터 내무부의 연구보고에 의하여 스위스는 지적제도와 등기제도를 통합하여 운영하는 국가로 알려져 왔다. 그러나 필자가 스위스의 지적제도와 등기제도가 국방·시민보호·체육부와 법무·경찰부에서 분리하여 관장하고 있는 것을 발견하였다. 따라서 스위스의 지적제도와 등기제도의 담당기관은 어디이며, 관련 법령은 무엇이고, 관련 공적 도부는 어떤 것이 있는가에 대한 의문을 갖게 되었으며, 이를 해소하는 것이 본 연구의 배경이며 목적이다. 연구결과 첫째, 지적사무는 국방·시민보호·체육부 소속 연방지형사무소의 지적측량국에서 담당하고, 등기사무는 법무·경찰부 소속 연방법무사무소의 사법국에서 담당하고 있으며 둘째, 지적관련 법률은 1993년에 새로이 제정한 'VAV'와 'TVAV' 등이 있고, 등기관련 법률은 1912년부터 시행한 '민법(ZGB)'과 '토지등기부에 관한 명령(GbVO) 등이 있으며 셋째, 지적공부는 부동산등록부·지적도·수치지적부 등이 있고, 등기부는 주장부·일기장·평면도·부동산기술서 등이 있다. 본 연구결과가 스위스의 지적제도는 국방·시민보호·체육부에서, 등기제도는 법무·경찰부에서 각각 분리하여 관장하고 있다는 사실을 명확하게 이해할 수 있기를 기대한다.