• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.27-35
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• 2006

During spawning season of female in a Korean oily bitterling, Acheilognathus koreensis, the ventral region near the base of the pectoral fin becomes to be protruded outward of body and enlarged. This ventral process consists of both organs as rectum (vent) and inner ovipositor. The rectum consists of mucosa, lamina propria-submucosa, muscularis, and squamous epithelial layer (peritoneum=serosa) surrounding them. The mucosa contains numerous mucous cells meaning acid mucopolysaccharides in nature. The inner ovipositor is similar to that of the rectum, but the mucosa have no mucous cell, unlike that of the rectum. Whereas, the outer ovipositor has a straight and long tube which are not connected with the ventral process any more. The outer ovipositor was similar to the structure of the inner ovipositor in the ventral process. However, the outer ovipositor has no muscularis, and consists of three layers: mucosa, lamina propria-submucoa, and squamous epithelia. The outer ovipositor without the muscularis seems serves as a tube that eggs discharged from the outer ovipositor allow to send inside mussel, unlike that of the inner ovipositor performing rhythmic contractions of the layers of the muscularies for propelling to the matured oocytes to the outer ovipositor.

• Journal of Veterinary Science
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.88.01-88.14
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• 2022

Background: The olfactory mucosa (OM) is crucial for odorant perception in the main olfactory system. The terminal carbohydrates of glycoconjugates influence chemoreception in the olfactory epithelium (OE). Objectives: The histological characteristics and glycoconjugate composition of the OM of Korean native cattle (Hanwoo, Bos taurus coreae) were examined to characterize their morphology and possible functions during postnatal development. Methods: The OM of neonate and adult Korean native cattle was evaluated using histological, immunohistochemical, and lectin histochemical methods. Results: Histologically, the OM in both neonates and adults consists of the olfactory epithelium and the lamina propria. Additionally, using periodic acid Schiff and Alcian blue (pH 2.5), the mucus specificity of the Bowman's gland duct and acini in the lamina propria was determined. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated that mature and immature olfactory sensory neurons of OEs express the olfactory marker protein and growth associated protein-43, respectively. Lectin histochemistry indicated that numerous glycoconjugates, including as N-acetylglucosamine, mannose, galactose, N-acetylgalactosamine, complex type N-glycan, and fucose groups, were expressed at varied levels in the different cell types in the OMs of neonates and adults at varying levels. According to our observations, the cattle possessed a well-developed olfactory system, and the expression patterns of glycoconjugates in neonatal and adult OMs varied considerably. Conclusions: This is the first study to describe the morphological assessment of the OM of Korean native cattle with a focus on lectin histochemistry. The findings suggest that glycoconjugates may play a role in olfactory chemoreception, and that their labeling properties may be closely related to OM development and maturity.

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.241-247
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• 2005

To observe the respiratory system in relation to the air-breathing organ in Iksookimia longicorpa, micro-anatomical investigation was performed on the epidermis and on intestinal tract fragments. The epidermis was distinguished by two types of skin glands, a small mucous cell and a large club cell. The mucous cell was acid sulfomucins (some sialomucins), but the club cell did not give any histochemical tests for mucosubstances. The presence of a well defined lymphatic system with small lymphocytes was established in the stratum germinativum layer of the epidermis. A large number of blood capillaries run very close to each other just below the basement membrane. The straight intestinal tract is divided into an intestine and rectum, which consisted of a mucosa (epithelial layer), lamina propria-submucosa, muscularis, and serosa. The intestine and rectum have shorter mucosal folds and a thinner wall. The majority of the epithelial mucous cells contain acid sulfomucines. Based on the above results, I. longicorpa adapts to poor dissolved oxygen conditions by using an additional respiratory system using air through the epidermis, not the intestines.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.127-133
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• 2003

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the morphological aspects of testicular tissue before and after freezing-thawing by light and transmission electron microscopy. Methods: Tissue biopsies were carried out on mouse testis for freezing. Samples in medium containing 20% glycerol were frozen by computer-controlled freezing program. The effect of freezing-thawing on the structural change of testicular tissues were examined by light and electron microscopy. Results: The freezing-thawing procedure had no significant effect on tubular diameter. However, it caused folding of the lamina propria, and notable damage to Sertoli cells, spermatogonia and spermatocytes. The cells were detached, desquamated from the basal lamina and had increased vacuolization. Round spermatids, elongated spermatids and spermatozoa were less affected, and most of them maintained their normal structure. Conclusions: The structure of spermatogonia, spermatocyte and basal compartments in seminiferous epithelium was significantly altered by freezing-thawing procedure of mouse testicular tissues. Thus, we need to develop a more reliable method for the cryopreservation of testicular tissues.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.181-188
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• 1997

In order to clarify the effect of cryptosporidiosis on immune response, histopathological changes associated with experimentally occurring bursal cryptosporidiosis in chickens were chronologically observed as the first step. A total of 150 2-day-old chickens was each inoculated orally with a single dose of 5 × 105 Cryptospori,mum bailevi oocysts. The chickens showed a normal profile of oocyst shedding in droppings. The bursa indices throughout the experimental period indicated negligible reactions. Numerous cryptosporidia occurred in the microvillous border of bursal epithelium between days 4 and 16 postinoculation (PI). Appearance of the most mast cells was followed by a dramatic loss of the protozoa in the bursa of Fabricius (BF). The distribution of the coccidium coincided with heterophil infiltration in the epithelium and adjacent lamina propria. The histopathological lesion was marked diffuse chronic superficial purulent bursitis with heterophil infiltration in the epithelium and adjacent lamina proprla and mucosal epithelial hyperplasia. These results suggest that the bursitis may induce immunosuppressive effect.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.41-46
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• 2005

It is known that mast cells (MCs) are increased in H. pylori-infected gastritis and its increase is mediated by stem cell factor (c-kit ligand). To determine the mechanism of mast cell recruitment and activation by stem cell factor, weinvestigated the expression of stem cell factor receptor (c-kit) in H. pylori-positive and -negative gastric mucosa. Biopsy specimens from 16 H. pylori-negative and 20 positive subjects were examined. H. pylori infection in gastric mucosa was examined by the Warthin-Starry method. MC and c-kit were identified by immunohistochemisty, using a monoclonal antihuman MC tryptase antibody and a polyclonal anti-human c-kit antibody. Densities of MC and c-kit positive cell were measured by a computerized image analysis system. MCs were detected in the lamina propria of both H. pylori-positive and -negative gastric mucosa. Densities of MC and c-kit positive cell were significantly greater in H. pylori-positive than -negative subjects. c-kit was located on the surface of MCs. These results indicate that stem cell factors may be one of the factors involved in mast cell increase and that they activate mast cells by binding with c-kit.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.567-573
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• 2008

This experiment examined the effect of dietary spray-dried bovine colostrum on intestinal histology and organ weights in early-weaned pigs. In a randomised complete block design, twelve 14-day-old weaner pigs were offered a diet containing either 5% spray-dried bovine colostrum or no colostrum (control). Diets were formulated to contain 14.8 MJ/kg DE, 1.26% available lysine and to meet or exceed requirements for other nutrients. Piglets were offered the diets for a period of 14 days. No effect of diet on growth rate or feed intake was observed (p>0.10). Small intestine weight was reduced by 12% in piglets consuming dietary bovine colostrum (p< 0.05). Villous height and crypt depth were increased and decreased, respectively, in the proximal jejunum, mid jejunum and distal ileum of pigs consuming dietary bovine colostrum (p<0.05). Mid-jejunal lamina propria $CD4^+$ and $CD8^+$ T lymphocyte density was increased by 28 and 37%, respectively, in piglets consuming dietary bovine colostrum (p<0.05). Diet did not affect thickness of tunica muscularis externa or tunica submucosa (p>0.10). Collectively, these results suggest a positive effect of dietary bovine colostrum on intestinal morphology and immune status in early-weaned pigs.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.231-237
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• 1989

Morphological features of the vomeronasal organ of both Korean native cattle and Korean native goat were studied by gross, microscopic and histochemical examinations. Anatomical characteristics of the vomeronasl organ were similar in both Korean native cattle and Korean native goats. The vomeronasal organ is a tubular structure situated bilaterally at the base of the nasal septum, and enclosed by hyaline cartilage. Its lumen is semilunar to crescent in transverse sections. It join with the incisive duct through narrow duct. The lumen of the vomeronasal organ is lined with sensory and respiratory epithelia. The distribution pattern of vomeronasal mucosal epithelia varied by the position. In the anterior portion joining with nasal cavity, the lumen is lined with only respiratory epitheliu. In the middle portion, sensory epithelium appeared on the medial side, and respiratory epithelium on the lateral side. In the posterior, it is lined with sensory epithelium on the ventral side and lined with respiratory epithelium on the dorsal side. The vomeronasal gland composed of mucous and serous acini are distributed in the lamina propria under the respiratory epithelium, where venous sinuses are also well developed.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.265-276
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• 1996

This study was performed to identify the localization of several neuropeptides; calcitonin gene-related peptide(CGRP), substance P(SP), vasoactive intestinal polypeptide(VIP), neuropeptide Y(NPY), serotonin(5-HT) and neurotensin in the tongue of Korean native goat(Capra hircus) by immunohistochemical method. The results were summarized as follows: CGRP- and SP-immunoreactive fibers were observed as moderate immunoreactivity at the subepithelial plexus and subgemmal fibers in lamina propria of lingual papillae, but not seen in intragemmal, intergemmal, perigemmal fibers as well as in the supporting, basal and taste cells. Fibers around the acinus of the von Ebner's gland and blood vessels showed weak immunoreactivities against CGRP and SP. In the intrinsic ganglion cells, CGRP- and SP-immunoreactivities were not observed. The distribution patterns of VIP- and NPY-immunoreactive fibers were similar to CGRP-or SP-immunoreactive fibers, but their immunoreactivities were stronger than those of CGRP- or SP immunoreactive fibers. The immunoreactivities to VIP or NPY were seen in the intrinsic ganglion. Only a few serotonin immunoreactive fibers were seen in some filiform or fungiform papillae. Neurotensin immunoreactivity was not observed in the tongue of Korean native goat.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.183-196
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• 1996

The author examined the clinical and histological changes on the dorsal tongue mucosa of adult Sprague-Dawley rats after lasing by pulsed Nd:YAG laser. The dorsal tongue was lased for 3 seconds by 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, 3.5, 4.0W and 10, 15, 20, 20pps. After tissue changes were observed clinically, the excised samples were observed histologically and the width of tissue destruction was analyzed quantitatively under the Confocal laser microscope respectively. The following results were obtained : 1. Whitening of peripheral tissue was observed more as increasing pulsed per second (Hz) below power 2.5W and observed at all parameters above power 3.0W. 2. Charring of mucosal surface was observed at all parameters but mild at parameters below power 2.0W. 3. The destruction of epithelium was observed at all parameters and tissue destruction was extended to lamina propria at higher pulses per second. 4. The width of tissue destruction was more widening as increasing energies per pulse (p<0.001) and the narrowest at 20Hz than 10Hz, 15Hz and 30Hz(p<0.05). As the above results, author suggests power below-3.5W and 20Hz as the lasing parameters for oral soft tissue therapy.