• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권20호
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• pp.8661-8666
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• 2014

Background: Docetaxel and cisplatin in combination with fluorouracil (DCF) regimen is accepted to be one of the standard regimens in the treatment of advanced gastric cancer. However, substantial toxicity has limited its use in daily clinical practice. Therefore, modification of DCF regimens, including introduction of capecitabine has been investigated to improve the safety profiles. In the present study, the efficacy and toxicity of a regimen with a modified dose of docetaxel and cisplatin in combination with oral capecitabine (DCX) was evaluated in untreated patients with HER2-negative advanced gastric cancer. Materials and Methods: Fifty-four patients with HER2-negative locally advanced or metastatic gastric cancer were included in this cohort. Patients received docetaxel $60mg/m^2$ plus cisplatin $60mg/m^2$ (day 1) combined with capecitabine $1650mg/m^2$ (days 1-14) every 3 weeks. Treatment response, survival, and toxicity were retrospectively analyzed. Results: The median age was 54 years (range: 24-76). The majority of patients (70%) had metastatic disease, while 11 patients (21%) had recurrent disease and underwent curative gastrectomy, and 5 patients (9%) had locally advanced disease (LAD). The median number of DCX cycles was 4. There were 28 partial responses and 11 complete responses, with an overall response rate of 72%. Curative surgery could be performed in four patients among five with LAD. At the median follow-up of 10 months, the median progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) of the entire cohort of patients were 7.4 and 12.1 months, respectively. Dose modification was done in 12 patients due to toxicity in 8 and noncompliance in 4 patients. The most common hematological toxicity was neutropenia, which occurred at grade 3-4 intensity in 10 of 54 patients (27.7%). Febrile neutropenia was diagnosed only in two cases. Conclusions: DCX regimen offers prominent anti-tumor activity and considered to be effective first-line treatment with manageable toxicity for patients with HER2-negative advanced gastric cancer.

• 대한핵의학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.50-56
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• 1997

관상 동맥 질환에서 심근 혈류의 평가를 위하여 사용되는 심근 관류 SPECT는 여성에서의 유방이나 횡격막 감쇠 등 인공 산물에 의하여 위양성으로 나타날 수 있다. 이 연구에서는 게이트 SPECT를 이용하여 관류 SPECT에 나타나는 의심스러운 관류 감소 부위의 벽 운동을 평가하여 관류 감소 부위가 인공 산물인지 판정하였다. 판정 결과는 관상 동맥 조영술 결과와 비교하였다. 대상 환자 275명에서 관류 SPECT의 예민도와 특이도는 각각 87%와 55%였고 게이트 SPECT를 진단에 이용하였을 때 관류 SPECT에서 위양성을 보인 5례의 벽운동이 정상임이 확인되어 특이도가 66%로 향상되었다. 이상의 결과로 게이트 SPECT는 관상 동맥 질환의 특이도를 높이는 데 이용될 수 있을 것으로 생각한다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제53권2호
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• pp.64-72
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• 2020

Background: It is generally agreed that using a bilateral internal thoracic artery (BITA) composite graft improves long-term survival after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Although the left internal thoracic artery (LITA)-based Y-composite graft is widely adopted, technical or anatomical difficulties necessitate complex configurations. We aimed to investigate whether BITA configuration impacts survival or patency in patients undergoing coronary revascularization. Methods: Between January 2006 and June 2017, 1,161 patients underwent CABG at Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, where the standard technique is a LITA-based Y-composite graft with the right internal thoracic artery (RITA) sequentially anastomosed to non-left anterior descending (LAD) targets. Total of 160 patients underwent CABG using BITA with modifications. Their medical records and imaging data were reviewed retrospectively to investigate technical details, clinical outcomes, and graft patency. Results: Modifications of the typical Y-graft (group 1, n=90), LITA-based I-graft (group 2, n=39), and RITA-based composite graft (group 3, n=31) were used due to insufficient RITA length (47%), problems using LITA (28%), and target vessel anatomy (25%). The overall 30-day mortality rate was 1.9%. Among 116 patients who underwent computed tomography or conventional angiography at a mean interval of 29.9±33.1 months postoperatively, the graft patency rates were 98.7%, 95.3%, and 83.6% for the LAD, left circumflex artery, and right coronary artery territories, respectively. Patency rates for the inflow, secondary, and tertiary grafts were 98.2%, 90.5%, and 80.4%, respectively. The RITA-based graft (group 3) had the lowest patency rate of the various configurations (p<0.011). Conclusion: LITA-based Y composite graft, showed satisfactory clinical outcomes and patency whereas modifications of RITA- based composite graft had the lowest patency and 5-year survival rates. Therefore, when using RITA-based composite graft, other options should be considered before proceeding atypical configurations.

• 스마트미디어저널
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.37-44
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• 2018

임베디드 기기는 시퀀스 제어 기능과 수치연산 기능을 활용하여 제어 프로그램에 따라 산업현장의 기기 등 다양한 자동화 시스템에 활용된다. 현재 임베디드 기기는 기업의 산업현장, 원전, 대중교통 같은 국가기반시설에서 제어 시스템으로 활용되고 있다. 따라서 임베디드 기기를 대상으로 하는 공격은 큰 경제적 손실과 사회적 손실을 야기할 수 있다. 임베디드 기기를 대상으로 하는 공격은 대부분 데이터, 코드 변조로서 제어 프로그램을 대상으로 이루어진다. 산업 자동화 임베디드 기기의 제어 프로그램은 일반적인 프로그래밍 언어와 달리 회로 구조를 표현하기 위하여 설계되었고, 대부분의 산업 자동화 제어 프로그램은 그래픽 기반 언어인 LAD로 설계되어있어 정적분석이 용이하지 않다. 이러한 특징으로 인하여 산업 자동화 제어 프로그램에 대한 취약점 분석 및 보안 관련 연구는 정형 검증, 실시간 모니터링 수준에 그친다. 또한 사전에 취약점을 탐지하고 공격에 대한 대비가 가능한 산업 자동화 제어 프로그램 정적분석 연구는 매우 저조한 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 산업 자동화 임베디드 프로그램에 대한 정적분석 효율성 증대를 위하여 회로 구조를 표현하기 위해 설계된 산업 자동화 제어 프로그램을 논리식으로 표현하기 위한 방법을 제시한다. 또한 다양한 제조사의 산업 자동화 제어 프로그램을 통합적으로 분석하기 위하여 LLVM IR을 활용한 중간어 변환 기술을 제안한다. LLVM IR을 활용함으로서 동적 분석에 대한 통합분석이 가능하다. 본 연구에서는 해당 방법에 대한 검증을 위하여 S 사(社)의 제어 프로그램을 대상으로 하여 논리식 형태의 중간어로 변환하는 프로그램의 시제품을 개발하였다.

• 대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.427-435
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• 2009

본 연구는 관상동맥질환의 위험인자 중 성별, 연령별 협착률과 혈관 협착과 석회화와의 상관관계를 분석하기 위해 조사대상병원에서 조사 기간 동안 CCTA를 시행한 대상자 586명의 관상동맥의 협착률과 석회화의 유무를 조사하였다. 전체 대상자 중 협착이 있는 사람은 299명으로 이 중 남성 166명(28%), 여성 133명(23%)이었다. 50~70대가 협착이 있는 자의 246명(82.6%)으로 대부분을 차지하였다. 1개의 혈관이상에서 협착률이 50%가 넘는 협착이 있는 자는 299명 중 남성은 60대에서 43명(33.9%), 여성은 70대에서 39명(37.5%)으로 나타났다. Vessel score가 2점 이상 되는 경우가 70% 이상 협착이 있는 자 139명 중에 70명(50.1%)이었고 남성은 60대가 32명(39.5%), 여성은 70대가 27명(46.6%)으로 나타났다. 특징적인 것은 70대에서 Vessel score가 3점이 되는 경우가 14명으로 다른 연령대보다 2~5배까지 많은 결과를 볼 수 있었다. LAD가 77.6%, LCX가 47.5%, RCA가 60.5%의 협착 빈도를 나타내었고 삼중혈관병변(Triple vessel disease)은 남성이 15명(36.6%), 여성이 13명(56.5%)으로 남녀 모두 70대에서 가장 높은 빈도를 나타내었다. 협착이 있는 그룹에서는 196명 (33.4%)이 석회화가 있었고, 관상동맥 협착이 없는 그룹에서는 40명(6.8%)만이 석회화가 있었다. 이것은 관상동맥의 협착에 석회화가 절대적인 영향을 미친다고는 볼 수 없지만, 상당히 연관성이 있다고 할 수 있겠다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제67권1호
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• pp.67-75
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• 2022

Roots play important roles in water and nutrient uptake and in response to various environmental stresses. Investigating diversification of cultivars through root phenotyping is important for crop improvement in adzuki beans. Therefore, we analyzed the morphological and architectural root traits of 22 adzuki bean cultivars using 2-dimensional (2D) root imaging. Plants were grown in plastic tubes [6 cm (diameter) × 40 cm (height)] in a greenhouse from July 25^th to August 28^th. When the plants reached the 2^nd or 3^rd trifoliate leaf stage, the roots were removed and washed with tap water to remove soil particles. Clean root samples were scanned, and the scanned images were analyzed using the WinRHIZO Pro software. The cultivars were analyzed based on six root phenotypes [total root length (TRL), surface area (SA), average diameter (AD), and number of tips (NT) were included as root morphological traits (RMT); and link average length (LAL) and link average diameter (LAD) were included as root architectural traits (RAT)]. According to the analysis of variance (ANOVA), a significant difference was observed between the cultivars for all root morphological traits. Distribution analysis demonstrated that all root traits except LAL followed a normally distributed curve. In the correlation test, the most important morphological trait, TRL, showed a strong positive correlation with SA (r = 0.97^***) and NT (r = 0.94^***). In comparison, between RMT and RAT, TRL showed a significantly negative correlation with LAL (r = -0.50^***); however, TRL did not show a correlation with LAD. Based on RMT and RAT, we identified the cultivars that ranked 5% from the top and bottom. In particular, the cultivar "IT 236657" showed the highest TRL, SA, and NT, while the cultivar "IT 236169" showed the lowest values for TRL, SA, and NT. In addition, the coefficient of variance for the six tested root traits ranged from (14.26-40%) which suggested statistical variability in root phenotypes among the 22 adzuki bean varieties. Thus, this study will help to select target root traits for the adzuki bean breeding program in the future, generating climate-resilient adzuki beans, especially for drought stress, and may be useful for developing biotic and abiotic stress-tolerant cultivars based on better root trait attributes.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.276-281
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• 1993

During the 3 years through December 1992, 118 cases of coronary bypass graft were performed at Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Asan Medical Center. They consisted of 80 males and 38 females with the mean age of 59. History of myocardial infarction was noted in 23 cases[20%], congestive heart failure in 11[10%], left ventricular aneurysm in 6, postinfarct VSD in 2, and mitral regurgitation in 1. The angina was stable in 13 cases, and unstable in 104 cases[89%]. Left main stem disease were 41 cases[35%], triple vessel 36[31%], double vessel 30[26%] and single vessel involvement[LAD] in 10. We performed 335 distal bypasses out of 117 cases, with single bypass in 9, double 29, triple 52, quadruple 23, and quintuple 4. Myocardial protections were cardioplegia in 29 and intermittent aortic occlusion 79 and continuous aortic perfusion 7. The ischemic time per graft was 13 minutes[intermittent aortic occlusion group] and 20 minutes [cardioplegia group] respectively, and the mean number of graft per patient is 2.85. Early mortality was 6.8% [8/117]. If we exclude the patients with LV aneurysm, the surgical mortality could be downed to 4.5% [5/111]. The causes of deaths were cardiogenic shock[6], aortic dissection[1], and neurologic complication[1]. We conclude that noncardioplegic myocardial protection may be equally beneficial or sometimes advantageous to cardioplegic technique in aortocoronary bypass graft surgery.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.244-249
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• 1984

Surgical treatment of partial endocardial cushion defect was accomplished in Feb. 1984 in this department. The 5 year old male patient had history of frequent upper respiratory tract infection and since his age of 3 years dyspnea on exertion and palpitation were noted but there were no cyanosis and clubbing. A thrill was palpable on the apex and grade IV/IV harsh systolic ejection murmur and diastolic murmur was audible on it. Liver was palpable about 3 finger breadths and no ascites. Chest X-ray revealed increased pulmonary vascularity, moderate cardiomegaly [C-T ratio; 0.69], and enlarged left atrium. EKG showed first degree heart block, RVH, LVH, and LAD. Echocardiogram showed paradoxical ventricular septal movement and abnormal diastolic movement of the anterior leaflet of mitral valve. Right heart catheterization resulted left to right shunt [Qp:Qs:2.1:1 ] and moderate pulmonary hypertension [60/40 mmHg]. Left ventriculogram showed mitral regurgitation [Grade III/IV] and filling of left atrium and right atrium nearly same time. Operative findings were: 1.Primum type atrial septal defect [3x2 cm] 2.Cleft on the anterior leaflet of mitral valve. 3.No interventricular communication and cleft of tricuspid valve leaflet. The mitral cleft was repaired with 4 interrupted sutures. The primum type atrial septal defect was closed with Dacron patch intermittently at endocardial cushion and continuously remainder. The post operative course was uneventful and discharged on 22nd postoperative day in good general conditions.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.17-21
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• 2018

Our previous studies have confirmed that morroniside has neuroprotective effects. However, the effects of morroniside on cardiac myocardium remain unknown. Rats were anaesthetized with 10% chloral hydrate (0.35~0.4 mL/kg) and an acute myocardial infarction (AMI) was induced by ligating the anterior descending coronary artery (LAD). Following AMI, morroniside was administered intragastrically for 3 consecutive days at doses of 45, 90 and 180 mg/kg, respectively. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and cardiac troponin T (cTnT) activities in AMI rats in the serum were detected with commercial kits. The expression of IL-6, $IL-1{\beta}$ and $TNF-{\alpha}$ in myocardium was detected by Western blotting analysis. We observed a significant decline in the Q(q) wave amplitude in morroniside-treated rats after 72 h. Additionally, treatment of morroniside decreased the levels of LDH and cTnT in AMI rats. We also observed that morroniside reduced the expression of IL-6, $IL-1{\beta}$ and $TNF-{\alpha}$ in myocardium. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that morroniside had effective anti-inflammatory properties in AMI rats.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제31권12호
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• pp.1238-1242
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• 1998

심근교각을 해부학적인 정의을 하면 심외막의 관상동맥 주행중 국한된 부분의 관상동맥이 심근섬유에 의해 둘러싸여 있는 것을 말한다. 이질환은 주로 관상동맥 조영술에서 심근수축시 관상동맥이 좁아지거나 또는 압박효과을 나타내기 때문에 알게된다. 관상동맥중 좌전하행지의 중간부위에 가장 많이 발생 한다. 심근교각은 허혈 효과을 가지고 있어서 건강한 사람에서 협심증, 심근경색, 혹은 사망의 원인이 되기도 한다. 저자들은 좌전하행지 중간부분의 압박으로 협심증을 호소한 2례의 환자을 치험하고 보고 하고자 한다. 수술은 심폐 우회술하에 좌전하행지 동맥상부을 덮은 심근에 근절개술을 시행하였다. 수술후 협심증과 압박효과는 호전되었다.