• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.398-411
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• 2002

Objectives: The purpose of present study was to investigate the experience and point prevalence rate and factors related with Low Back Pain (LBP) in train egineers. Methods: Questionnaires were completed by 324 train engineers in Daejeon railroad administration from May 2002. The information was used to estimate odds ratio (OR) and 95$\%$ confidence intervals (CI) for factors relation to LBP. A retrospective study design was used. Results: The experience rate for LBP was 67.9$\%$, 54$\%$ in one year interval prevalence, 53.4$\%$ in 6 months interval prevalence, and 47.8$\%$ in a point prevalence rate. Variables significantly associated with LBP experience were age (p=0.0327), train vibration(p=0.0015), labour hour(p=0.0034), and pay(p=0.0534). As subjects got older, the higher experience for LBP was (OR=1.1, 95$\%$ CI 1.0-1.2). LBP experience rate for people who had felt train vibration was a higher than those who did not (OR=2.5, 95$\%$ CI 1.4-4.4, OR=2.3 95$\%$ CI 1.3-4.0 in a point prevalence). The people who worked for long hour was a higher than those who did not (OR=2.8, 95$\%$ CI 1.4-5.6, OR=2.2, 95$\%$ CI 1.1-4.5 in a point prevalence). The people who were not satisfied with pay was a higher than those who were (OR=1.7, 95$\%$ CI 1.0-3.0). Factors related to a point prevalence rate were train vibration(p=0.0027), chair vibration (p=0.0444), and labour hour(p=0.0340). LBP a point prevalence rate for people who had felt the vibration of train chair was a higher than those who did not (OR=1.8 95$\%$ CI 0.7-2.0). Conclusions: Results from present study indicated that a statistically significant factors associated with LBP experience were age, train vibration, labour hour, and pay, Factors related to a point prevalence rate were also train vibration, the vibration of train chair, and labour hour.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.385-397
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• 2002

Objectives: This study was to investigate the experience and a Point prevalence rate and factors related with Low Back Pain (LBP) in instructors of drive institute. Methods: Questionnaires were completed by 174 instructors who worked at 13 drive institutes in 4 small cities from June 2002. The information was used to estimate odds ratio (OR) and 95$\%$ confidence intervals (CI) for factors relation to LBP. A retrospective study design was used. Results: The experience rate for LBP was 57.2$\%$, 43.4$\%$ in one year interval prevalence, 42.2$\%$ in 6 months interval prevalence, and 35.8$\%$ in a point prevalence rate. Factor significantly associated with LBP experience by logistic regression was labour hour (p=0.0034), subjects who worked for long hours a day were higher than those who did not (OR=3.8, 95$\%$ CI 1.4-5.6). Conclusions: In conclusion, labour hour was significantly associated with LBP experience.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Agricultural Machinery Conference
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• 1993.10a
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• pp.139-147
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• 1993

The rapid industrial growth, the consequent shortage of farm labour and increase in their wage level have facilitated more capitalized agricultural mechanization pattern in Korea. The efficiency of capital intensive machine is highly dependent on farm land structure. This paper describes a model explaining the relationship between farmland structure and required inputs for machine operation and to estimate required inputs for machine operation on the national basis for Korea for its paddy production system. The machine cost is closely related to operation area, but the required labour-hours are more related to machine type adopted . From the technology introduction point of view, if capital intensive machine is introduced, less labour-hours are required but machine kW-hours increase rapidly. From the plot geometry point of view, on good geometry plots, machine kW-hour and labour-hour required are less than that on the poor geometry plots. The kW-jhour per hectare of mechani al energy input id better indicator of mechanization level than kW per hectare or number of machine. If the adopted technology is more capital intensive and plot geometry is good, the cost reduction effect is highly significant.

• Korea Journal of Hospital Management
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.191-222
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• 2010

Revisioned labour law was confirmed by vote of National Assembly on 1st January 2010. Under revisions labour law the necessity was expressed to reconstruct and change the relationship between labour and management in hospital. This study was described to investigate the operational statement of labour union in general hospital and to investigate how the labour policy would be change and which form would be appear in labour union in hospital. The survey results which was operated targeting labour managers in hospital were as follows ; first, in the possibility of plural labour unions establishment, university hospital labour managers forecasted the possibility as high. but non-university hospital labour managers forecasted the possibility as low. second, even though the plural union labours would be established in hospitals there would be no difficulties in collective bargaining between labour and management. third, the labour union activities would not be shrink even though there would be wage pay prohibition for the full-time union laboures. As the wage pay prohibition acted on the full-time union labours, countermeasures are required as follows; first, there is a possibility that there will be diversity in the form of full-time union labours. It is need to make the criterion of hospital about the limit of full-time labour union members. It is need to make the criterion of labour activities of non-working hour exception. It is need to cope with the diverse demands of labour union which aim to solve the financial burdens. As the plural labour unions are permitted it is need to make countermeasures as follows ; To analyze whether there is a possibility by the establishment of new labour to be plural labour unions. To establish the countermeasures in short-term aspect to make the countermeasures to cope with the establishment of plural labour unions. In long-term aspect to establish labour and management strategies. Henceforth, found on the revisions labour law, it is need to provide in hospitals as follows; first, it is need to prepare labour management policies and substitutes which suitable for plural labour union period. Second, it is need to determine concretely on the related matters of the union labours and to develop the conclusion guidelines which preparing infective criteria. Third, to examine the effects on the hospital organization by organizational forms of labour union which is weak in financial aspect.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.163-180
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• 1990

The objective of this study was to investigate the time used for daily activities by rural housewives. This study was carried out two aspects-the amount and the distribution of time. However, the characteristics of agriculture and the farming season influenced on rural housewives activities. There fore, in this study, survey areas divided into two groups-the traditional and the commercial agricultural area. And I conducted surveys in two times-the busy farming season and the leisure season for farmers. Data for 286 housewives(76 in traditional area on the leisure season, and 68 in commercial 142 in traditional area on the busy farming season)were collected by interviews, in which wives were asked to recall the used of time on the previous day, and a time record chart broken into fifteen minute intervals. The statistics for data analysis were frequency, percentile, T-test, and F-test by SPSS PC programs. The findings are as follows; 1)The average total time of rural housewives on labour was 8 hours 53 minutes, on socio-cultural activities 4 hours 18 minutes, and on physiological activities 11 hours 2 minutes. 2) The amount of time on agricultural labour was 6 hours 47 minutes in busy farming season, and 2 hour 45 minutes in leisure season. 3) The average time on household labour was 3 hours 51 minutes. 4) The amount of time on socioculture activities was 2 hours 19 minutes in busy farming, and 6 hours 16 minutes in leisure season. 5) The average time on physiological activities was 11 hours 2 minutes.

• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.154-163
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• 1991

Particulate matter exposure leva1 of welders and grinding workers was evaluated in Banwol and Changwon industry complexes. Full period single sample and full period consecutive samples were collected with personal air samplers attached to workers. Compliance difference with 8-hour time weighted average (TWA) was compared by Korean strategy and the classification system recommended by OHSA for employee exposure to particulates. And difference of compliance was compared according to precision of measurement and analysis (total precision). Compliance rate was depended on the total precision, therefore, quality control of measurement and analysis was important.

• Journal of Labour Economics
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.83-100
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• 2012

This paper estimates the impacts of introducing the 40 hour work week standard in South Korea on actual working hours, wages and employment. We exploit variation in timing of implementing the 40 hour work week standard across industries and establishment size and estimate the causal effects by a triple difference model. Our results show that the 40 hour work week standard decreased actual working hours by about 43 minutes while it increased hourly wage rate by 6.6%. The probability of new hires decreased by about 2.3% points.

• Journal of Labour Economics
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.63-99
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• 2019

This paper estimates the effect of the minimum wage increment on employment and work-hour of new workers in Korea using the data from the Survey on Labor Conditions by Type of Employment (SLCTE) from 2008 to 2017. We construct worker groups by sex, age, and education to mitigate endogeneity problem in estimating the effect of minimum wage increment. The result shows that the minimum wage increment leads to decrease of new employment and increase of the ratio of new workers who work less than 15 hours per week. Especially, women, the elderly, the youth, and under high school education level group are sensitive to the minimum wage increment.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.135-140
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• 2014

The actual observance of hours of rest became one of the main checking items of PSC after enter into force of Maritime Labour Convention in 20 August 2013. And the non-compliances of the rest hours stipulated in the provisions of Seafare's Act of Korea and MLC is occuring and this would be the great obstruction for the shuttle vessels operating between Korea and Japan. In this study, to find the method which could give solution for the observance of provisions of rest hours, the modified duty model, reduction of calling ports and substitute of port duty by shore assistance personnel were reviewed. To comply with the requirement of hours of rest by shuttle vessels operating between Korea and Japan, adoption of the method to reduce calling ports or substitution of port duty by shore personnel are recommended.

• 한국사회정책
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.141-172
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• 2016

This study examines the employment conditions and labour experience of elementary after-school care teachers in South Korea. Based on the empirical data collected through in-depth interviews with after-school care teachers in Gwangju Metropolitan City, the study considers multifaceted problems faced by after-school care teachers in their workplace. The after-school care class is part of educational policies initiated and rapidly expanded by the Ministry of Education, resulting in the substantial increase of non-regular school workers. The irregularization of after-school care teachers illustrates that the common problems faced by female non-regular workers, such as social discrimination, exclusion and inequality, are also transplanted into the typical public sector. In the case of Gwangju Metropolitan City, during the past two years there have been evident increases both in under 15-hour short time contract care teachers and outsourcing of care classes. Temporary part-time contract care teachers suffer relentless job insecurity and experience poor working conditions, exclusion and discrimination within the workplace and labour alienation. In order to minimize the organized resistance of care teachers, school authorities implicitly individualize and isolate care teachers through hierarchization, the division of labour and the spatial division of classes between indefinite and temporary contract teachers.