• Journal of Consumption Culture
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.67-90
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• 2012

When consumers choose healthy foods, they base their buying decisions on health-related food labeling and quality assessment of taste, health, and price. Moreover, both purchase experience and opinions of family and friends affect consumer choices. Focusing on these points, this study examined the effects of health-related food labeling on consumer choices by adding two variables-quality assessment of taste, health, and price and purchase experience-to the model of the theory of planned behavior. We also used structural equation modeling to test our hypotheses. In the study, health-related food labeling includes organic labeling, nutrient claims, and food additive labeling. We conducted a mail survey among 300 married women who buy cheese slices for their children more than once a month. It was discovered that health-related food labeling positively affected the level of quality assessment of taste, health, and price, and consequently led to positive attitudes and purchase intentions. Particularly, health-related food labeling positively influenced attitude toward using products without assessing the quality of taste, health, and price. The level of quality assessment of price positively affected attitude toward using and purchasing products, and purchase experience positively affected attitude toward using and purchasing products, and purchase intentions. The relationship between attitude to purchasing products and purchase intentions was the most positive, and the relationship between perceived behavioral control and purchase intentions was not significant. Overall, this study essentially contributes to the development of a theoretical framework of food labeling and consumer choices, which includes quality assessment of taste, health, and price and purchase experience, by using the theory of planned behavior.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.567-593
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• 2016

This study examined longitudinal mediated effects of informal labeling on the relationship between adolescent abuse and academic achievement using autoregressive cross-lagged modeling. Data were obtained from the second, third, and fourth waves of the middle school student cohort (N=3,168) of the Korean Youth Panel Survey. The major longitudinal findings of this study are as follows: First, adolescent abuse was found to have a positive association with future informal labeling. Second, informal labeling was found to have a negative association with future academic achievement. Finally, the longitudinal relationship between adolescent abuse and academic achievement was partially mediated by informal labeling. Based on these results, this study suggests directions for adolescent abuse prevention. The need for education and prevention of informal labeling was discussed, as well as the direction of intervention programs for adolescents with experience of informal labeling. Furthermore, this study may provide empirical evidence for labeling theory and contribute to increasing awareness on the longitudinal influence of adolescent abuse and informal labeling.

• Survey Research
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.57-79
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• 2010

This study evaluated the policy performance of i) Public Notice of Critical Information, ii) Substantiation of Facts in Labeling and Advertising, iii) Temporary Injunctions, and iv) Advertisement Correcting Misrepresented Facts, which were main policies belonged to Fair Labeling and Advertising Act(hereinafter referred to as "FLA Act"). The data was collected by visiting 76 persons personally, who were consumer policy and law experts, labeling and advertising staffs of corporations, and persons in charge of policies including public officials dealing with consumer policies at Korea Fair Trade Commission, while using a structured questionnaire at the same time. The survey was performed to examine the general policy performance and evaluation the results of FLA Act by evaluation methods. The results of the analysis are comprehensively summarized as follows. There were differences in the ranking of policies evaluated by labeling and advertising staffs of corporations and persons in charge of policies according to evaluation methods, and, in Simple Evaluation, higher scores were gained compared to Weighted Evaluation which reflected weighted values or Fuzzy Evaluation. The result shows that evaluation results can vary in policy performance evaluation according to evaluation methods.

• Journal of KIISE:Computer Systems and Theory
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.437-450
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• 2009

In this paper, we propose seven edge labeling methods. The methods produce three case of edge labels-sets of Fibonacci numbers {$F_k|k\;{\geq}\;2$}, {$F_{2k}|k\;{\geq}\;1$} and {$F_{3k+2}|k\;{\geq}\;0$}. When a sort of interconnection network, the circulant graph is designed, these edge labels are used for its jump sequence. As a result, the degree is due to the edge labels.

• The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
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• v.37 no.1 s.70
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• pp.45-71
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• 2006

The main objective of this study is to analyze problems of the Country of Origin Labeling(COOL) in small live fish(SLF) trade by applying the asymmetric information theory which is called ${\ulcorner}$Lemon Market Theory${\lrcorner}$. The purpose of importing SLF is to enhance fishing household income and import substitution effect as well. SLF importation is quite different in its nature from importing general fish and fish products for final/direct consumption. SLF are imported for the purpose of domestic aquaculture and naturalization where domestic production/supply of SLF is less than domestic demand for or such species are not native to Korean waters. Information asymmetric problems arise even in SLF trade as the same way in general goods and services. However, the information asymmetry issues in SLF trade are much more complex than non-living goods because SLF are traded in the live state. To alleviate such problems the Korean government initiated the general COOL scheme to imported SLF. However, many experts argues that such policy on SLF would not be appropriate because of SLF's very nature. Applying the lemon market theory, we can analyze how information discovery schemes are able to signal correct information to SLF trading parties and to result in more symmetric information in SLF trade markets. This research carried out a case study about small live eel(SLF) trade and its farming. The results showed that applying the COOL to small live eels just right upon coming into fish farms tends to increase substantially fish farmer's income and at the same time to lower unnecessary transaction costs. In particular, such transaction costs by imposing simply the general COOL on SLF may easily outweigh its benefits. For instance, to resolve the problems, the Korean ministry of agriculture and forestry(KMAF) has developed a quite different COOL rules from the general ones and has applied them to imported live cattle and medium/small livestocks. The KMAF's differentiated COOL policy on some imported livestocks may be a good case which can be applied to imported SLF. In addition to the differentiated COOL on SLF, Sanitary and Phytosanitary (SPS) and traceability system would play crucial complementary roles in alleviating information asymmetry problems in SLF trade. Advanced fisheries tend to strengthen their SPS system rather than to adopt the general comprehensive COOL schemes into imported SLF trades and domestic market exchanges.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.661-690
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• 2022

Adolescent delinquency is a substantial social problem that occurs in both offline and online domains. The current study utilized random forest algorithms to identify predictors of adolescents' online and offline delinquency. Further, we explored the applicability of classic delinquency theories (social learning, strain, social control, routine activities, and labeling theory). We used the first-grade and fourth-grade elementary school panels as well as the first-grade middle school panel (N=4,137) among the sixth wave of the nationally-representative Korean Children and Youth Panel Survey 2010 for analysis. Random forest algorithms were used instead of the conventional regression analysis to improve the predictive performance of the model and possibly consider many predictors in the model. Random forest algorithm results showed that classic delinquency theories designed to explain offline delinquency were also applicable to online delinquency. Specifically, salient predictors of online delinquency were closely related to individual factors(routine activities and labeling theory). Social factors(social control and social learning theory) were particularly important for understanding offline delinquency. General strain theory was the commonly important theoretical framework that predicted both offline and online delinquency. Findings may provide evidence for more tailored prevention and intervention strategies against offline and online adolescent delinquency.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.421-437
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• 2015

This paper aims to present a supervised classification algorithm based on data fusion for the segmentation of the textured images. The feature extraction method we used is based on discrete wavelet transform (DWT). In the segmentation stage, the estimated feature vector of each pixel is sent to the support vector machine (SVM) classifier for initial labeling. To obtain a more accurate segmentation result, two strategies based on information fusion were used. We first integrated decision-level fusion strategies by combining decisions made by the SVM classifier within a sliding window. In the second strategy, the fuzzy set theory and rules based on probability theory were used to combine the scores obtained by SVM over a sliding window. Finally, the performance of the proposed segmentation algorithm was demonstrated on a variety of synthetic and real images and showed that the proposed data fusion method improved the classification accuracy compared to applying a SVM classifier. The results revealed that the overall accuracies of SVM classification of textured images is 88%, while our fusion methodology obtained an accuracy of up to 96%, depending on the size of the data base.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.433-446
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• 2015

Objectives: This study was performed to evaluate the consumer education program for reducing sodium intake based on social cognitive theory (SCT) and investigate consumer perceptions of environmental, cognitive and behavioral factors. Methods: Consumers (n=4,439) were recruited nationwide in Korea to participate in a nutrition education program for reducing sodium intake which was targeted on senior housewives (SH), parents (P), and office workers (OW). Questions regarding main factors of SCT were asked both before and after the education program. Results: SH and P recognized external social efforts and information to reduce sodium including nutrition labeling more than OW. The main barriers to practice reducing sodium intake were limited choice of low sodium food and menu, interference with social relationship when dining with others, and limited information, knowledge and skills. SH had lower barriers to practice reducing sodium intake and OW perceived 'preference to soup or stew' and 'preference to Kimchi, salted fish and fermented sauces' as barriers more than other groups at the baseline. Less than 50% of participants knew the relationship between sodium and salt, sodium in nutrition labeling, and recommended sodium intake. In addition, OW had little knowledge for capability to reduce sodium intake and lower self-efficacy to practice compared with SH and P. After education, positive outcome expectations such as lowering blood pressure, prevention of cardiovascular disease and osteoporosis were increased and barriers to practice reducing sodium intake were decreased in all groups (p < 0.05). The knowledge for behavioral capability and self-efficacy to reduce sodium intake were also improved but OW had still lower scores compared with other groups. Conclusions: These results suggested that nutrition education programs could be an effective tool to impact general population by facilitating awareness and increased capability to reduce sodium intake.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.275-285
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• 2010

This research examines the relation of dissatisfaction about own real conditions, deviant labeling, self-esteem, abuse from parent, victimization and juvenile delinquency(smoking, drinking, run-away, assault, taking away stuffs or money, larceny). The evidence of a strong relation of these factors and girls' delinquency is well known through empirical researches by feminist criminologists. Feminist criminology had attention to the gender-specific factors that could explain girls' delinquency. Most of conventional delinquency theories, such as social bond theory, differential association theory, focused on bad boys' deviant behaviors. These theories has not been designed to apply to girls' troubles. According to the conclusion of the research, there seems to support researches of feministic perspectives.

• Architectural research
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.11-18
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• 2011

The first attempt in architectural design theory to consider the perceptual and metaphysical dimension separately with a fully modern scientific manner, which exist in contrast to the Renaissance idea, was Claude Perrault, who emphasized the cognitive factors as an important scientific human issue in building design in 1683 in his book "Ordonnance". Even today many elaborated works to reveal the mysterious design processes based on a set of rational approaches have been introduced since the Design Method movement in 1960's. Their pioneering and challenging efforts to rationalize design process have been mostly rely on the cultural issues whether it takes a qualitative or quantitative stance. On the other hand, however, today's computer generated free form architecture seems not to be aware of those lessons learned from the past and, therefore, this study conducted an extensive research through exploring on morphological building forms with cultural issues to fill up the missing and/or lacking characteristics of today trend in building design.