• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
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• v.50 no.5
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• pp.269-274
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• 2013

To proportionally control the electronic valve position of the actuator, we designed and fabricated PCU, CPT, and rotary absolute optical encoder for the detection of absolute angular position in the actuator. We also designed and constructed the test system by using DAQ hardware and Labview. We designed PCU to convert 1-5 V, 0-5 V, 0-10 V, 2-10 V voltage signals and 4-20 mA current signals to the voltage signals in the common 0.5-2.5 V range. We designed CPT to output 4-20 mA current signals corresponding to the valve positions based on the PWM signal input from the MCU. We also designed 20 bit optical encoder by using infrared LED and infrared transistor and made the serial communication with the main board possible. When we tested PCU and CPT with DAQ hardware and Labview software, they operated correctly with the small errors within ${\pm}0.003$ V and ${\pm}0.01$ mA, respectively, showing that our actuator has the excellent performance to employ as the industrial proportional-valve-actuator. The resolution of the encoder was $11.25^{\circ}$ and the maximum revolution to detect was 32,768.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.361-368
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• 2003

We have investigated the electric resistivity structure of the fault zone located in the Hongseong area where a big earthquake with M 5.0 occurred in 1978. Usually, Electric and Electromagnetic methods are broadly operated in the field of engineering works since these methods are effective to understand the distribution of geological weak zones - fault or fracture zones. We have conducted the dipole-dipole array resistivity method and MT(magnetotelluric) method and interpreted the resistivity distribution of the fault zone with the aid of various inversion methods. An MT survey was performed at 18 points along a 2.9 km survey line perpendicular to the fault line and a magnetic dipole source was used to enhance the S/N ratio in the high frequency. A Electric dipole-dipole array resistivity survey with the dipole length of 50 meters was carried out perpendicular to the fault. In view of two survey results, the fault marks the boundary between two opposite resistivity structures, especially the low resistivity zone is exhibited deeply through the prospective fault line. The result that the low resistivity zone is located at the center of the fault zone corresponds with the fact that the fault zone of the Hongseong area is active. We expect these results to provide basic information about the physical properties of fault zones in Korea.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.369-377
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• 2013

This paper deals with the state of charge(SOC) and life cycle evaluation algorithm for lead-acid battery, which is essential factor of the electric vehicle(EV) and the stabilization of renewable energy in the smart grid. In order to perform the effective operation of the lead-acid battery, SOC and life cycle evaluation algorithm is required. Specific gravity with the change of electrolyte temperature inside battery case should be obtained to evaluate the SOC of lead-acid battery, however it is difficult to measure the electrolyte temperature of sealed type lead-acid battery. To overcome this problem, this paper proposes the equation of thermal transmission to compensate internal temperature of the lead-acid battery. Also, it is difficult to exactly evaluate the life cycle of battery, depending on the operation conditions of lead-acid battery such as charging and discharging state, self discharging rate and environmental issue. In order to solve the problem, this paper presents the concept for gravity accumulation of charge and discharge cycle, which is the value converted at $20^{\circ}C$. By using the proposed algorithm, this paper propose the test device based on the Labview software. The simulation results show that it is a practical tool for the maintenance of lead-acid battery in the field of industry.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.73-94
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• 2003

The purpose of this investigation was to analyze A kinematic analysis of the Kuzushi-arm motion when performing Morote-Seoinage in judo who was 5 females university representative judokas of light weight category in judo, and filmed on video cameras(60field/s). The data of this study digitizied by KWON3D 2.1 program computed the average and standard deviation calculated individual 5 trials with Programing Lab view 6i. From the data analysis & discussion, the following conclusions were drawn : 1) distance variable of attacking hand arm in kuzushi motion Left right(X direction) displacement variable was all of A, B, C pattern with moving left to right and leaning. Strip of displacement variable was ordo. to C(55.6cm), A(53.3cm), B(43.9cm) pattern, C pattern largely leaned to left Front Rear(Y direction) displacement variable was different A($131.3cm{\pm}3.1cm$), B($128.7{\pm}4.0cm$) and C(111.0cm) on ready position, 3 pattern leaned to rear direction. Strip of displacement was order to B(43.4cm), A(41.1cm) and C pattern(28.3cm). Up down(Z direction) displacement variable was all of A, B, C pattern leaned to up in the Kuzushi-phase and leaned to down in the Kake-phase. Strip of displacement was order to A(83.9cm), B(80.4cm), C pattern(71.9cm). 2) Shoulder joint angle variable Flexion and extension Ready position' angle was A($138.3{\pm}4.9^{\circ}$), B($142.9{\pm}3.7^{\circ}$) and C($164.5^{\circ}$) pattern, strip of flexion extension was order to C($80.9^{\circ}$), A($79.9^{\circ}$) and B($39.0^{\circ}$) pattern, greatly C pattern had largely angle change. Adduction and abduction : B and C pattern's angle change were adduction and abduction in the Kuzushi-phase after adduction in the Kake phase, A pattern's angle change was abduction in the Kuzushi-phase after adduction in the Kake phase. internal and external rotation : 3 pattern were internal rotation in the Tsukuri phase and external rotation in the Kake phase. After B and C pattern were external rotation and A pattern was internal rotation. 3) Elbow joint angle variable Flexion and extension 3 pattern's ready position angle were A($142.0{\pm}4.4^{\circ}$), B($123.5{\pm}5.5^{\circ}$) and C($105.5^{\circ}$) and flexion. Strip of flexion extension were order to A($57.9^{\circ}$), C($34.6^{\circ}$) and B($25.2^{\circ}$) pattern.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Nondestructive Testing
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.345-353
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• 2007

We have obtained a topographical image nondestructively for a Cu thin film in liquid using a near-field scanning microwave microscope (NSMM), its operating frequency was 3.5 to 5.5 GHz. We have kept a distance of 10 nm between tip and sample using a quartz tuning fork shear force feedback system. As an end of tip was attached to one prong of the quartz tuning fork has a length of 2 mm, the only tip of tuning fork was immersed in water tank. A loss cause by evaporation in water tank is regulated with actuator was connected to a supplementary tank. Moreover, using a revise program of LabView, we could increase the accuracy of a measurement in liquid.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2009.10a
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• pp.1010-1013
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• 2009

The youths of the farming village have moved to the metropolis, thus the most of the manpower which engages to a production remained in the village reaches layer old age and all thing sprouts long the whole and it is one. So to remove the waste of barn rather than to give feed to the livestock is hard that what step all automation of this part is necessary. Consequently we have developed the automation system in order to reduce the massive death of the livestock at the time of intense cold and hot. The system will be able to clean the waste of the barn and confront quickly in the change of temperature which is sudden it came. And we proposed also the system that will be able to watch at real-time and monitor the operational environment from a remote using CCD camera. In this paper, we proposed the remote control system which uses PDA in order to control the automation system of a stall while moving. The proposed system was embodied in order for the control and the monitor while the user is mobile using PDA screens. We also added a protection system in that system. The system sends the case warning and SMS while will have the fire and the intrusion from the outside and prevents a robbery.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.39-45
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• 1998

As a basic research for developing a sludge application technique in forestry, this study was conducted to investigage a reasonable amount and period of sludge to be applied onto forest nursery of Acer palmatum Thunb. The paper mill sludge was used for the study, and ammonium nitrate was treated to some of them to reduce the C/N ratio lower than 40. The maximum amount of applied sludge was 7ton/ha/year, and they were spread on spring and on late summer. The sludge application did not stimulate early growth of the trees during a year. Since there was no significant changes in soil chemical properties, the amount of applied sludge was thought to be too little to result in a significant role for tree growth. However, the soil water showed significant increase of Cu when the activated sludges were applied during late summer. Thus, the time of application need to be determined cautiously with considering the risk of ground water contamination. In conclusion, if we set a goal from the view point of long-term concept such as forest productivity rather than to get a short-term product, the uncomposted sludge in small amount during growing season might be considered to be applied on forest nursery.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.23 no.7
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• pp.5-16
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• 2007

The monitoring and investigation of underwater landslide help to understand its mechanism, increase the usefuless of design and construction and reduce the losses. This paper presents three high resolution geophysical techniques electrical resisitance, ultrasonic wave reflection imaging, and shear wave tomography conducted to determine the lab-scaled submerged landslide. Electrical resistance profiles of a soil mass obtained by an electrical resistance probe provide detailed information to assess the spatial distribution of the soil mass with milimetric resolution. An ultrasonic wave image obtained by recording the reflections from interfaces of different impedance materials permits detecting layers and landslide with submilimetric resolution. The pixel based image of immersed landslides is created by the inversion of the boundary information achieved from the traveling time of shear waves. The experimental results show that the ultrasonic wave imaging and the electrical resistance can provide complementary information; and their association with S-wave tomography image can produce a 3-D view of the underwater landslide. This study suggests that geophysical techniques may be effective tools for the detection of the underwater landslides and spatial distribution offshore.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.402-408
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• 2005

This investigation aimed at selecting the optimum catalyst and reaction conditions used in Fenton oxidation for landfill leachate treatment and was carried out at ambient temperature using a lab-scale experiment. The investigation led to the following results: 1) The optimum pH and dose for each iron catalyst were as follows: $Fe^{2+}\;=\;1,200\;mg/L$, $H_2O_2\;=\;1,200\;mg/L$, initial pH=3.0; $Fe^{3+}\;=\;1,200\;mg/L$, $H_2O_2\;=\;1,500\;mg/L$, initial pH=4.5; $Fe^0\;=\;1,200\;mg/L$, $H_2O_2\;=\;900\;mg/L$, initial pH=4.0, respectively. 2) The progress of Fenton oxidation could be instrumentally monitored by measuring redox potential evolution during leachate oxidation, thus, indicating the possibility of an on-line process monitoring. 3) A simple acid-base titration of Fenton-treated leachate proved that a relevant fraction of by- products formed during the treatment was made of acidic compounds in the optimum reaction condition for each catalyst used, thus demonstrating that the higher the extent of Fenton oxidation the greater was the amount of acids formed. 4) With the aim of selecting the optimum catalyst among $Fe^0$, $Fe^{2+}$ and $Fe^{3+}$, removal efficiency of each parameter in the optimum reaction conditions was considered. Although $Fe^{3+}$ was higher than other catalysts($Fe^0$, $Fe^{2+}$) in removal efficiency, $Fe^0$ was a optimum catalyst with a view of cost effectiveness.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.159-177
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relations between the segments of the body, the three dimensional anatomical angle and the angular velocity of the air born phase and understand the control mechanism of the high-bar movement, the somersault, the double somersault, the double somersault with full twist. For this study seven well trained university gymnastic volunteered, Zatsiorky and Seluyanov(1983, 1985)'s sixteen segment system anatomical model was used for this study. For the movement analysis three dimensional cinematographical method(Arial Performance Analysis System : APAS) was used and for the calculation of the kinematic variables a self developed program was used with the LabVIEW 5.1 graphical profromming(Johnson, 1999) program. By using Eular's equations the three dimensional anatomical Cardan angles of the joint and angular velocity were defined. As a result of this study 1. As the rotation of the body increased in the air born phase the projection angle of the CM of the total increased, this resulted the increased of the max hight of the CM. 2. In three dimensional angular velocity the Z axis(vertical direction) projection angular velocity increased as the rotation of the body increased in the airborn phase, but the Y axis and the X axis projection angular velocity did not show significant differences. 3. As the rotation of the body increased in the air born phase the angular movement of the shoulder and the hip showed significant change. These movement act as the starter in the preparation phase. 4. The somersault angle, the twist angle, the tilt angle of the upper body related to the global reference frame in the releas phase the average somersault angle of the three types of high-bar movement was $57.7^{\circ}$, $38.8^{\circ}$, $39.7^{\circ}$, the average tilt angle was $-1.5^{\circ}$, $-5.4^{\circ}$, $-8.4^{\circ}$, the average twist angle was $13.4^{\circ}$, $10.6^{\circ}$, $23.3^{\circ}$. This result showed that the somersault with full twist had the largest movement.