• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.252-257
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• 2015

This paper proposes a single slope A/D converter (SSADC) that is possible to process the signal of the ultraviolet, visible and infrared rays with a single chip. And the proposed SSADC is a type of single channel ADC. In the conventional SSADC, it is possible to process the only one signal with a kind of the sensor because the speed of the operating frequency and the slope of ramp signal generated by the ramp generator are fixed. In order to improve the disadvantages, a ramp generator which has variable slope in ramp function is designed and $3{\times}1$ MUX(multiplexer) is adopted so that we can change the speed of the operating frequency and the slope of ramp signal. Therefore, the multiple signal processing of the wanted sensors can be possible. The designed circuit is layout by the $0.35-{\mu}m$ CMOS 2-poly 4-metal technology process and is checked through DRC and LVS tools.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.611-616
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• 2014

Objectives: Dendritic cell (DC)-based tumor immunotherapy needs an immunogenic tumor associated antigen (TAA) and an effective approach for its presentation to lymphocytes. In this study we explored whether transduction of DCs with lentiviruses (LVs) expressing the human interleukin-12 gene could stimulate antigen-specific cytotoxic T cells (CTLs) against human lung cancer cells in vitro. Methods: Peripheral blood monocyte-derived DCs were transduced with a lentiviral vector encoding human IL-12 gene (LV-12). The anticipated target of the human IL-12 gene was detected by RT-PCR. The concentration of IL-12 in the culture supernatant of DCs was measured by ELISA.Transduction efficiencies and CD83 phenotypes of DCs were assessed by flow cytometry. DCs were pulsed with tumor antigen of lung cancer cells (DC+Ag) and transduced with LV-12 (DC-LV-12+Ag). Stimulation of T lymphocyte proliferation by DCs and activation of cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTL) stimulated by LV-12 transduced DCs pulsed with tumor antigen against A549 lung cancer cells were assessed with methyl thiazolyltetrazolium (MTT). Results: A recombinant lentivirus expressing the IL-12 gene was successfully constructed. DC transduced with LV-12 produced higher levels of IL-12 and expressed higher levels of CD83 than non-transduced. The DC modified by interleukin -12 gene and pulsed with tumor antigen demonstrated good stimulation of lymphocyte proliferation, induction of antigen-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes and antitumor effects. Conclusions: Dendritic cells transduced with a lentivirus-mediated interleukin-12 gene have an enhanced ability to kill lung cancer cells through promoting T lymphocyte proliferation and cytotoxicity.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.159-168
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• 1994

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the shear bond strength of the porcelain laminate specimens according to the surface roughness of the cut enamel of human anterior teeth. Flat enamel surfaces were prepared in 30 extracted human anterior teeth with diamond disc which were divided into two groups. Group 1 Coarse enamel surface group prepared with LVS-3 bur. Group 2 Fine enamel surface group prepared with superfine diamond bur. 30 teeth specimens of two group were stored in normal saline during 24 hours. 30 disk - type porcelain laminate specimens with diameter 4mm and thickness 1mm were made and sand - blasted on internal surface which were to cemented on enamel surface. Porcelain laminate specimens were cemented on enamel surface with Choice Veneer System (Bisco Dental, U.S.A) according to manufacture's instructions. All teeth specimens of two groups were manipulated with same method and stored In normal saline before testing. An Universal Testing machine (Model No.UTM-4206,Instron, U.S.A) was used to apply shear loads in the vertical directed, and the force required for separation was recorded with a cross head speed of 3mm/min and 500kg in full scale. The results were as follow ; 1. The mean shear bond strength of coarse surface group was 36.30kg and that of fine surface group was 44.39 kg, but there was no significant difference in breaking strength of two groups(p>0.05).

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2011.04a
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• pp.171-174
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• 2011

서버 클러스터에서 부하 분산기는 사용자의 요청을 각 서버로 분산시키는 역할을 한다. 리눅스 가상 서버(LVS: Linux Virtual Server)는 소프트웨어적으로 사용되는 부하 분산기로서 여러 가지 스케줄링 방식들을 가지고 있다. 그러나 부하 분산 시에 서버의 유동적인 부하 정보를 반영하지 못하는 단점이 있다. 이에 개선된 방식으로 서버의 동시 연결 개수에 따라 상한계(Upper Bound)와 하한계(Lower Bound)를 설정하고, 요청을 분산하는 동적 스케줄링(Dynamic Scheduling)이 존재한다. 그러나 서버의 상태에 따라 상한계와 하한계가 바뀔 수 있음에도 불구하고 이 값들이 고정되어 있다는 단점을 가진다. 본 논문에서는 기존 부하 분산 방법의 단점을 극복하는 서버 전력 정보에 기반한 스케줄링 방식을 제안한다. 제안된 방식은 서버의 부하 정보를 기반으로 에너지를 추정하고 전력 수치를 기반으로 LVS의 가중치 테이블을 주기적으로 갱신한다. 그리고 부하 분산기는 클라이언트로부터 요청 받은 트래픽을 각 서버의 에너지 소모 상태에 따라 적용시킴으로써 에너지 소모가 최소화되도록 부하를 분산한다. 또한 서버의 상태에 따라 상한계와 하한계가 바뀔수 있음을 고려하여 상한계와 하한계를 설정하지 않고 서버의 상태에 따라 적절하게 요청이 분배되도록 하였다. 15대의 PC를 사용하여 실험을 수행하였으며, 실험 결과는 기존 부하 분산 알고리즘 중 성능이 가장 좋은 알고리즘에 비해 서버의 성능이 동일한 경우 성능 및 소비전력 면에서 거의 동등하였고, 서버의 성능이 상이한 경우 50.2% 성능 향상 및 27.3% 소비 전력 절감을 확인하였다.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.218-222
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• 2014

In this paper, we introduce an autonomous calibration method for a 2D laser displacement sensor (e.g. laser vision sensor and laser range finder) by matching a single point on a flat structure. Many arc welding robots install a 2D laser displacement sensor to expand their application by recognizing their environment (e.g. base metal and seam). In such systems, sensing data should be transformed to the robot's coordinates, and the geometric relation (i.e. rotation and translation) between the robot's coordinates and sensor coordinates should be known for the transformation. Calibration means the inference process of geometric relation between the sensor and robot. Generally, the matching of more than 3 points is required to infer the geometric relation. However, we introduce a novel method to calibrate using only 1 point matching and use a specific flat structure (i.e. circular hole) which enables us to find the geometric relation with a single point matching. We make the rotation component of the calibration results as a constant to use only a single point by moving a robot to a specific pose. The flat structure can be installed easily in a manufacturing site, because the structure does not have a volume (i.e. almost 2D structure). The calibration process is fully autonomous and does not need any manual operation. A robot which installed the sensor moves to the specific pose by sensing features of the circular hole such as length of chord and center position of the chord. We show the precision of the proposed method by performing repetitive experiments in various situations. Furthermore, we applied the result of the proposed method to sensor based seam tracking with a robot, and report the difference of the robot's TCP (Tool Center Point) trajectory. This experiment shows that the proposed method ensures precision.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.498-504
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• 1989

Processing conditions and food components of frozen seasoned anchovy meat products were investigated. The separated anchovy meat was chopped, mixed with 12.8% emulsion curd, 0.5% table salt, 2.0% sugar, 0.4% sodium bicarbonate, 0.2% polyphosphate, 0.2% monosodium glutamate, 0.3% onion powder, 0.1% garlic powder, 0.1% ginger powder, 3.0% soybean protein, and 0.2% sodium erythorbate by remodeled stone mortar. This seasoned anchovy meat was frozen with contact freezer, Packed in a carton box and then stored at $-25{\pm}2^{\circ}C$. The major fat acids of product were linoleic, oleic, palmitic, docosahexaenoic, linolenic, palmitoleic, eicosapentaenoic acid. Amino acid composition of product were mainly consisted of Glu, Asp, Leu, Lys and Ala. The taste compounds of product were IMP 160.0 mg/100g ; free amino acids such as Glu, His, Ala, Leu 503.7 mg/100g ; total creatinine 158.3 mg/100g and small amounts of betaine, TMAO.

• Journal of Korean Medical Ki-Gong Academy
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.15-67
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• 2020

Objective : The purpose of this study is to identify the trends of vibration(or wave) therapy in Korea, to actively utilize vibration(or wave) therapy, and to help research activities of vibration therapy in Korean Medicine. Methods : The following Korean words "진동기", "진동요법", "진동운동", "진동치료", "파동요법", "파동운동", "파동치료" were searched on three specialized search sites (RISS, NAL, DBpia). Trends of vibration therapy were analyzed through the selected researches suitable for this study among these searched researches in an overview format. Results : 1. A total of 8,116 studies were searched and a total of 365 studies were finally selected 2. From 2000 to 2019, when research began to increase in earnest, there were 17.45±10.28 studies per year, and the AGR(Average Annual Growth Rate) was 11.92%. 3. In the main field of research, the 'Medicine and Pharmacy' was the largest with 147(40.16%) studies. In the Middle Field, the 'Kinesiology' was the largest with 99(27.05%) studies. In the study design, 'RCT(Randomized Controlled trial)' was the largest with 138(47.75%) studies. In the Age Group, 'Youth' was the largest with 126(48.84%) studies. 4. The average of the number of participants was 24.90±17.44. 5. The most used Intervention was the 'WBV(Whole Body Vibration)' with 177(61.25%) studies. 6. The average of Intervention Period was 5.99±4.14 weeks, while the maximum was 36 weeks. 7. The journal that published the most research papers is 'K. J. of Sports Science(체육과학연구;13)', and the society is 'Rehabilitation Engineering And Assistive Technology Society of Korea(한국재활복지공학회; 14)'. The University that published the most dissertations is 'Sahmyook University(11)'. 8. The authors who published the most studies are Ju-Hwan O(8) as the main author and Tae Kyu Kwon(18) as the co-author (including the thesis Director). In an integrated analysis of the authors and co-authors, Tae Kyu Kwon published the most numerous studies(19) Conclusions : 1. The study of vibration or wave therapy has been increasing noticeably every year. 2. The major academic Fields studying vibration or wave therapy are the 'Kinesiologic Field', 'Physical Therapy Field', and 'Biomedical Engineering Field'. 3. The most chosen method of study design on vibration or wave treatment was 'RCT', and there was no significant change in the annual presentation rate. 4. Types of vibration or wave therapy could be classified as 'LVS(Local Vibration Stimulation)', 'WBV(Whole Body Vibration)', 'MV(Micro Vibration)', 'BV(Bio Vibration)' and 'SWV(Sound Wave Vibration)', and the study on Whole Body Vibration is most active. 5. Most of the studies of vibration or wave therapy were on musculoskeletal systems, but there were very few studies on internal diseases.