• Molecules and Cells
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.268-278
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• 2005

We investigated the effect of cytosolic and extracellular $Ca^{2+}$ on $Ca^{2+}$ signals in pancreatic acinar cells by measuring $Ca^{2+}$ concentration in the cytosol($[Ca^{2+}]_c$) and in the lumen of the ER($[Ca^{2+}]_{Lu}$). To control buffers and dye in the cytosol, a patch-clamp microelectrode was employed. Acetylcholine released $Ca^{2+}$ mainly from the basolateral ER-rich part of the cell. The rate of $Ca^{2+}$ release from the ER was highly sensitive to the buffering of $[Ca^{2+}]_c$ whereas ER $Ca^{2+}$ refilling was enhanced by supplying free $Ca^{2+}$ to the cytosol with $[Ca^{2+}]_c$ clamped at resting levels with a patch pipette containing 10 mM BAPTA and 2 mM $Ca^{2+}$. Elevation of extracellular $Ca^{2+}$ to 10 mM from 1 mM raised resting $[Ca^{2+}]_c$ slightly and often generated $[Ca^{2+}]_c$ oscillations in single or clustered cells. Although pancreatic acinar cells are reported to have extracellular $Ca^{2+}$-sensing receptors linked to phospholipase C that mobilize $Ca^{2+}$ from the ER, exposure of cells to 10 mM $Ca^{2+}$ did not decrease $[Ca^{2+}]_{Lu}$ but rather raised it. From these findings we conclude that 1) ER $Ca^{2+}$ release is strictly regulated by feedback inhibition of $[Ca^{2+}]_c$, 2) ER $Ca^{2+}$ refilling is determined by the rate of $Ca^{2+}$ influx and occurs mainly in the tiny subplasmalemmal spaces, 3) extracellular $Ca^{2+}$-induced $[Ca^{2+}]_c$ oscillations appear to be triggered not by activation of extracellular $Ca^{2+}$-sensing receptors but by the ER sensitised by elevated $[Ca^{2+}]_c$ and $[Ca^{2+}]_{Lu}$.

• 한국전통조경학회지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2014

본 연구는 밀양 영남루가 갖고 있는 경관적인 특징을 밝히기 위해 영남루와 관련된 354편의 시문에 대한 핵심어(keyword)분석과 시문 요소 분석, 그리고 보조적으로 CAD를 활용한 지형분석과 고지도 분석을 한 결과는 다음과 같다. 영남루 시문에 대한 핵심어를 분석해 보면 명승이 56회, 장강(長江)과 장림(長林)이 39회, 최고 제일경관이 31회, 큰 들판 조망경관이 19회, 천겹 산악경관이 14회로 나타났는데, 이것을 모두 합치면 159회로 전체 시문의 44.9%에 해당한다. 영남루 시문에 나타난 자연요소를 분석해 본 결과 자연현상(44%), 지형(33%), 식물(14%), 동물(9%) 순이었는데, 자연현상 가운데에는 특히 하늘천(天)이41회로 제일 많았는데, 이것은 영남루의 '천(天)'의 경관이 뛰어나기 때문이다. 또 영남루 지형경관의 특징은 '강 흐름'과 '모래섬'이었다. 또한 영남루에서는 악기 출현빈도(8%)가 높아 다양한 악기를 공연하는 공간이었다. 이러한 특징들 때문에 영남루가 고려시대부터 제일가는 누각이라는 평가를 받아왔다.

• 한국정보전자통신기술학회논문지
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• 제12권6호
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• pp.672-680
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• 2019

본 논문은 농장의 바이오 센서 데이터를 수집해서 농장에서 재배중인 농작물의 질병을 진단하고, 그 해 수확량을 예측하는 IoT 및 딥 러닝 기반 스마트 팜 환경 최적화 및 수확량 예측 플랫폼을 제안한다. 이 플랫폼은 현재 날씨, 토양 미생물 등 수집 가능한 모든 정보를 수집하여 작물이 잘 성장할 수 있도록 농장 환경을 최적화하고, 농장에서 재배중인 작물의 잎을 이용하여 작물의 질병을 진단하고, 그리고, 농장의 모든 정보를 사용하여 올해 수확량을 예측한다. 실험 결과 AEOM(Agricultural Environment Optimization Module)의 평균 정확도는 RF(Random Forest)보다 약 15%, GBD(Gradient Boosting Tree)보다 약 8% 높고, 데이터가 증가해도 RF나 GBD에 비해 정확도가 덜 감소한다. 선형 회귀에 따르면 정확도의 기울기는 ReLU의 경우 -3.641E-4, Sigmoid의 경우 -4.0710E-4, 계단함수의 경우 -7.4534E-4이다. 따라서 ReLU 사용시 정확도 기울기가 가장 낮으므로 테스트 데이터의 양이 증가함에 따라 ReLU는 다른 두 가지 활성화 기능보다 더 정확하다. 본 논문에서 제안한 EOYPP는 농장 전체를 관리하는 플랫폼으로 실제 농장에 도입된다면 국내 스마트 팜의 발전에 크게 이바지할 것이다.

• 한국전산유체공학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.9-15
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• 2012

Thermal model reduction algorithms and techniques are introduced to condense a huge satellite panel thermal model into the simplified model on the purpose of calculating the thermal responses of a satellite on orbit. Guyan condensation algorithm with the substitution matrix manipulation is developed and the mathematical procedure is depicted step by step. A block-form LU decomposition method is also invited to compare the developed algorithm. The constructed reduced thermal model induced from the detailed model based on a real satellite panel is satisfying the correlation criterion of ${\pm}2^{\circ}C$ for the validity accuracy. Guyan condensation algorithm is superior to the block-form LU decomposition method on computation time.

• 대한수학회지
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• 제57권6호
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• pp.1573-1590
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• 2020

In this paper, we classify all solutions bounded from below to uniformly elliptic equations of second order in the form of Lu(x) = a_ij(x)D_iju(x) + b_i(x)D_iu(x) + c(x)u(x) = f(x) or Lu(x) = D_i(a_ij(x)D_ju(x)) + b_i(x)D_iu(x) + c(x)u(x) = f(x) in unbounded cylinders. After establishing that the Aleksandrov maximum principle and boundary Harnack inequality hold for bounded solutions, we show that all solutions bounded from below are linear comb_inations of solutions, which are sums of two special solutions that exponential growth at one end and exponential decay at the another end, and a bounded solution that corresponds to the inhomogeneous term f of the equation.

• 한국전산유체공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전산유체공학회 2003년도 The Fifth Asian Computational Fluid Dynamics Conference
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• pp.175-177
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• 2003

The convergence characteristics of the LV scheme for the Euler equations have been investigated by using the Von Neumann stability analysis. The results indicated that the convergence rate is governed by a specific combination of CFD parameters. Based on this insight, it is shown that the convergence characteristics of the LV scheme is not deteriorated at any grid aspect-ratio as long as the local time step is defined based on the parameter combination. The numerical results demonstrated that this time step definition provide a uniform convergence for grid aspect-ratios between one to$1{\times}10^{4}$.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.329-338
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• 1997

In this paper a general analytical approach is proposed to analyse the nonlinear response of elastic cable under complex loads. The effect of temperature change on the cable is also considered. From the vertical equilibrium equations of cable, the general analytical formula of vertical displacement is derived. Based on the vertical displacement formula and on the compatibility condition of the cable, the dimensionless equation with respect to cable tension is established. By means of such analytical procedures, the exact solutions of various cable problems can be obtained quickly. The example given in this paper shows that the new procedure is efficient for practical analysis and can be easily implemented by a general computer program without the superposition problem which there has always been in traditional analytical methods.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제13권8호
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• pp.3695-3700
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• 2012

Mammalian mediator (MED) is a multi-protein coactivator that has been identified by several research goups. The involvement of the MED complex subunit 19 (MED 19) in the metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma cell line (H1299), which expresses the MED 19 subunit, was here investigated. When MED 19 expression was decreased by RNA interference H1299 cells demonstrated reduced clone formation, arrest in the S phase of the cell cycle, and lowered metastatic capacity. Thus, MED 19 appears to play important roles in the biological behavior of non-small cell lung carcinoma cells. These findings may be important for the development of novel lung carcinoma treatments.

• Progress in Superconductivity
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.6-10
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• 2000

New cuprates with the nominal composition $(Pb_{0.75}Sn_{0.25})Sr_2(Ca_{1-x}Lu_x)Cu_2O_z(x=0.4{\sim}1.0)$ have been synthesized. These materials exhibit superconducting properties for 0.4 $\leq$ x $\leq$ 0.7. It is also observed that the superconductivity of the as-prepared sample is enhanced by post-annealing at high temperature followed by quenching. X-ray diffraction analysis reveals that the c lattice parameter decreases as x increases whereas the a lattice parameter is nearly independent of the value of x for both the as-prepared and the post-treated samples. The thermoelectric power measurements indicate that the post-heat-treatments result in an increase in the hole carrier density which account for the observed increase of $T_c$. Bulk superconductivity with a $T_c$ value of 60 K is observed in this system.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.2871-2877
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• 2013

Objectives: To evaluate the safety, efficacy, and invasiveness of lobectomy by video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) in the treatment of stage I/II non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods: A total of 148 patients presenting with Stage I or II NSCLC were enrolled into our study, comprising 71 who underwent VATS and 77 patients undergoing conventional thoracotomic lobectomy, in combination with systematic lymph node resection. Results: It was found that VATS was superior to conventional thoracotomy in terms of the duration of surgery, intraoperative blood loss, frequency of the need to administer postoperative analgesia, thoracic intubation indwelling time, post-operative hospital stay, and survival rate (P<0.05). We saw no obvious difference in the number of resected lymph nodes with either approach. Conclusions: VATS lobectomy is a safe and reliable surgical approach for the treatment of Stage I/II NSCLC, characterized by significantly minimal invasiveness, rapid post-operative recovery, and markedly lower loss of blood.