• Journal of IKEEE
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.355-367
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• 2023

Local Interconnect Network (LIN) is a low-speed in-vehicle network bus, and it is widely used in body applications such as windows, doors, HVAC, and lighting. This review explains protocols and message frames of LIN bus in detail. LIN bus basically transmits ID and payloads in data frame. How to interpret ID and payloads is defined in LIN Description file (LDF). Each LIN bus has unique LDF and its corresponding unique configuration. This review also explains syntax and example of LDF in detail.

• Journal of IKEEE
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.333-336
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• 2016

LIN (local interconnect network) is a standard low-speed serial communication protocol, and it was developed as an efficient sub-bus for automotive electronic modules. In this paper, a LIN controller was implemented in Verilog HDL, based on LIN ver. 2.2A. The implemented LIN controller was verified in FPGA, and it can be supplied as an IP to be integrated into SoC system. Its size is about 2,300 gates when synthesized in 0.18um technology.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.48-55
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• 2005

In this paper, a mathematical model and a simulation method for the response time analysis of Local Interconnect Network(LIN) based network systems are proposed. Network-induced delays in a network based control system can vary widely according to the transmission time of message and the overhead time of transmission. Therefore, in order to design a distributed control system using LIN network, a method to predict and verify the timing behavior of LIN protocol is required at the network design phase. Furthermore, a simulation environment based on a timing model of LIN protocol is beneficial to predict the timing behavior of LIN. The model equation is formulated with six timing parameters deduced from timing properties of LIN specification. Additionally, LIN conformance test equations to verify LIN device driver are derived with timing constraints of the parameters. The proposed model equation and simulation method are validated with a result that is measured at real LIN based network system.

• Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.153-168
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• 2022

Recent studies have shown that sodium/glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors might exert favourable changes on cardiac parameters as observed on cardiovascular imaging. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the effects of SGLT2 inhibitors on cardiac imaging parameters. Four electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, Scopus) were searched for studies in which the effects of SGLT2 inhibitors on cardiac imaging parameters were examined. Studies in which a population was administered SGLT2 inhibitors and analysed by echocardiography and/or cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging were included. Random-effects pair-wise meta-analysis models were utilized to summarize the studies. A total of 11 randomized controlled trials was included with a combined cohort of 910 patients. Comparing patients receiving SGLT2 inhibitors with subjects receiving placebo, the mean change in CMR-measured left ventricular mass (LVM) was -3.87 g (95% confidence interval [CI], -7.77 to 0.04), that in left ventricular end-systolic volume (LVESV) was -5.96 mL (95% CI, -10.52 to -1.41) for combined LVESV outcomes, that in left atrial volume index (LAVi) was -1.78 mL/m² (95% CI, -3.01 to -0.55) for combined LAVi outcomes, and that in echocardiography-measured E/e' was -0.73 (95% CI, -1.43 to -0.03). Between-group differences were not observed in LVM and LVESV after indexation. The only between-group difference that persisted was for LAVi. Treatment with SGLT2 inhibitors resulted in reduction in LAVi and E/e' on imaging, indicating they might have an effect on outcomes associated with LV diastolic function.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.23-30
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• 2019

Objective: Recent studies have demonstrated that lin-28 homolog B (LIN28B)/miRNA let-7 (let-7) plays a role in the regulation of pubertal onset in mammals. However, the role of LIN28B/let-7 in the onset of ovine puberty remains unknown. We cloned the Duolang sheep Lin28B cDNA sequence, detected the expression change of LIN28B, let-7a and let-7g in hypothalamus, pituitary and ovary tissues at three different pubertal stages. Methods: The reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to clone the cDNA sequence of LIN28B gene from Duolang sheep and the bioinformatics methods were applied to analyze the amino acid sequence of LIN28B protein. The mRNA expression levels of the LIN28B gene at different pubertal stages were examined by real time RT-PCR. Results: LIN28B cDNA of Duolang sheep was cloned, and two transcripts were obtained. The amino acid sequence of transcript 1 shares 99.60%, 98.78%, and 94.80% identity with those of goat, wild yak and pig, respectively. Strong LIN28B mRNA expression was detected in the hypothalamus, pituitary, ovary, oviduct and uterus, while moderate expression was found in the liver, kidney, spleen and heart, weak expression was observed in the heart. No expression was found in the lungs. Quantitative real-time PCR (QPCR) and western-blot analysis revealed that the LIN28B was highly expressed in the hypothalamus and ovary at prepuberty stages, and this expression significantly decreased from the prepuberty to puberty stages (p<0.05). Markedly increased levels of mRNA expression were detected in the pituitary from prepuberty to puberty (p<0.05) and then significantly decreased from puberty to post-puberty (p<0.05). The expression levels of let-7a and let-7g showed no significant changes among different pubertal stages (p>0.05). Conclusion: These results provided a foundation for determining the functions of LIN28B/let-7 and their role in the onset of sheep puberty.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.103-108
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• 2003

LinA gene involving in the ${\gamma}$-benzenehexachloride degradation have been cloned from Sphingmonas paucimobilis UT26. This linA gene which catalyzes the first dechlorination step of ${\gamma}$-benzenehexachloride is known to play a key role in the ${\gamma}$-benzenehexachloride degradation pathway in UT26. In this study, the linA gene was designed to clean-up the ${\gamma}$-benzenehexachloride and its derivatives contaminated in soil, water and air using transgenic tobacco plants. The linA transgene was introduced into the chromosome of tobacco using leaf-disk transformation approach as revealed by Southern blot analysis. In addition, mRNA and protein produced by linA gene was expressed at a high level in the leaf tissue as demonstrated by both northern blot analysis and Western bolt analysis with polyclonal antibody against S. paucimobilis UT26. in vitro analysis using GC-MS showed that transgenic tobacco plant produced the linA protein which effectively degraded ${\gamma}$-benzenehexachloride into ${\gamma}$- pentachlorocyclohexene and 1,2,4-trichlobenzene compounds which are less toxic.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.325-336
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• 2023

With the development of autonomous driving technology, the number of external contact sensors mounted on vehicles is increasing, and the importance is also rising. The vehicular ultrasonic sensor uses the LIN protocol in the form of a bus topology and reports a status message about its surroundings through the vehicle's internal network. Since ultrasonic sensors are vulnerable to various threats due to poor security protocols, physical testing on actual vehicle is needed. Therefore, this paper developed a LIN-CAN co-analysis testbed with a jig for location-specific distance test to examine the operational relation between LIN and CAN caused by ultrasonic sensors.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.87-93
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• 2012

Objective: Lin28 has been known to control the proliferation and pluripotency of embryonic stem cells. The purpose of this study was to determine the downstream effectors of Lin28 in mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) by RNA interference and microarray analysis. Methods: The control siRNA and Lin28 siRNA (Dharmacon) were transfected into mESCs. Total RNA was prepared from each type of transfected mESC and subjected to reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis to confirm the downregulation of Lin28. The RNAs were labeled and hybridized with an Affymetrix Gene-Chip Mouse Genome 430 2.0 array. The data analysis was accomplished by GenPlex 3.0 software. The expression levels of selected genes were confirmed by quantitative real-time RT-PCR. Results: According to the statistical analysis of the cDNA microarray, a total of 500 genes were altered in Lin28-downregulated mESCs (up-regulated, 384; down-regulated, 116). After differentially expressed gene filtering, 31 genes were selected as candidate genes regulated by Lin28 downregulation. Among them, neuropeptide Y5 receptor and oocyte-specific homeobox 5 genes were significantly upregulated in Lin28-downregulated mESCs. We also showed that the families of neuropeptide Y receptor (Npyr) and oocyte-specific homeobox (Obox) genes were upregulated by downregulation of Lin28. Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, we suggest that Lin28 controls the characteristics of mESCs through the regulation of effectors such as the Npyr and Obox families.

• Herbal Formula Science
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.117-136
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• 2012

This thesis is the study on GuiLinGuBen "ShangHanZaBingLun"'s prescriptions which are totally 324, and unique 91 which are not written in current "ShangHanZaBingLun" and "JinKuiYaoLue", only in GuiLinGuBen "ShangHanZaBingLun". For modern clinacal effectiveness of GuiLinGuBen "ShangHanZaBingLun", this thesis clarifies the prescriptions' distinction between GuiLinGuBen, "ShangHanZaBingLun" and "JinKuiYaoLue". First it classifies prescriptions into 4 groups, which are only in GuiLinGuBen, in "ShangHanZaBingLun", in "JinKuiYaoLue", and in both "ShangHanZaBingLun" and "JinKuiYaoLue". Second it tabulates and describes in detail GuiLinGuBen's prescriptions about title, prescription composition, prescription volumetrin, decotion, and dosage. Third it catches distinctive characteristic of GuiLinGuBen's prescriptions by a comparative study which clarifies the differences of prescriptions between GuiLinGuBen, "ShangHanZaBingLun" and "JinKuiYaoLue". Current "ShangHanZaBingLun" and "JinKuiYaoLue"'s remedy focus on Shanghan and Jabbyong, so it has no choice but to have large remedy vaccum. The prescriptions only in GuiLinGuBen have same system with "ShangHanZaBingLun" and "JinKuiYaoLue"'s prescriptions, and contain unique Fever remover(淸熱劑) and Counterbalancer (補劑), so they could give more clinacal practice over "ShangHanZaBingLun" and "JinKuiYaoLue".

• Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
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• 2013.07a
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• pp.538-539
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• 2013

LIN(Local Interconnect Network) 통신은 CAN(Controller Area Network) 통신과 더불어 차량용 통신으로 많이 사용되고 있다. LIN 통신은 필요 성능의 수준이 높지 않은 장치 및 시스템이나 비용의 경제적인 측면에서 CAN 통신의 하부버스로 많이 사용되며 LIN 노드에 개수도 점차 늘어나고 있다. 그렇기 때문에 LIN통신으로 시스템 제어 및 모니터링 프로그램을 GUI(Graphic User Interface)로 제작한다면 시스템 상태의 디스플레이 및 모니터링이 수월해진다. 함수와 GUI로 제작되는 LabVIEW는 다른 텍스트 언어기반 개발 프로그램에 비해 설계 시간 단축 및 사후 관리도 쉽다는 장점이 있다. 본 논문에서는 LabVIEW로 제작한 IBS 모듈 기능 검사 장비개발을 통해 LIN 통신으로 송수신되는 데이터를 확인하고 모니터링, 그리고 설계가 용이하다는 것을 소개하고자 한다.