• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.625-629
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• 2016

쌈용 곰취 ‘곰마니(Gommany)’ 품종은 일반 곰취를 모본으로 하였으며 한대리곰취(Ligularia fischeri var. spiciformis Nakai)를 부본으로 하였다. 2005년에 인공 교배를 통해 종자를 얻었으며 2006년 3월에 파종하여 육묘후 포장에 정식하였다. 2007년 생육 및 수량특성 조사를 통해 일반적으로 많이 재배되는 곤달비 종보다 우수한 619번 개체를 선발하였다. 선발된 개체는 2008년부터 2011년까지 노지포장에서 증식하면서 고시 G-619호로 계통화되었으며 동시에 생육특성 검정을 실시하였다. ‘곰마니(Gommany)’ 품종의 특성은 엽병귀의 색이 곤달비가 연녹색인데 비해 자주색을 띠고 엽병에 곤달비는 털이 없으나 ‘곰마니’는 털이 약간 있다. 잎 뒷면에 곤달비와 같이 털은 없으나 ‘곰마니’ 품종은 광택이 없다. 또한 엽맥이 곤달비에 비하여 훨씬 조밀하였다. 또한 생육 및 수량특성은 초장이 47.7㎝, 엽장 16.3 ㎝, 엽폭 21.2 ㎝ 그리고 엽병장은 31.4 ㎝로 곤달비보다 컸다. 엽수는 138개로 곤달비보다 약간 많았고 수량은 1,575 ㎏/10a으로 곤달비보다 97% 많았다. 추대기는 8월 5일, 개화기는 9월 10일로 곤달비보다 25일정도 늦었다. 잎 두께는 곤달비보다 두꺼웠으며 잎 경도 또한 약간 높았다. 또한 ‘곰마니’ 품종은 흰가루병에 전혀 감염되지 않을 정도로 내병성이 강하였다. 이러한 특성의 ‘곰마니’품종은 2015년 12월 8일에 품종 보호권이 등록(품종보호 제90호)되었으며, 2016년부터 재배농가에 조직배양 묘로 보급하고 있다.

• 부모자녀건강학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.35-55
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• 2001

Recently attention has been focused on the effects of early intervention, or its lack, on both normal and preterm infants. Particularly numerous studies suggest that premature infants are not necessarily understimulated but instead are subjected to inappropriate stimulation. Developmental support and sensory stimulation have become clinical opportunities in which nursing practice can impact on the neurobehavioral outcome of premature infants. Developmental care has been widely accepted and implemented in neonatal intensive care units across the country. Increasingly, attention and concern in caring for low-birth-weight infants and premature infants has led clinicians in the field to explore the effects of a complex of interventions designed to create and maintain a developmentally supportive environment; to provide age-appropriate sensory input; and to protect the infant from inappropriate, excessive and stressful stimulation. The components of developmental care include modifications of the macro-environment to reduce NICU light and sound levels, care clustering, nonnutritive sucking, and containment strategies, such as flexed positioning or swaddling. Sensory stimulation of the premature infants is presented to standardize the modification of a developmental intervention based on physiologic and behavioral cues. The most appropriate type of stimuli are those that are sensitive to infant cues. Evaluation of infant physiological and behavioral responds to specific intervention stimuli may help to identify more appropriate interventions based on infants' cues. A critical question confronting the clinician is that of determining when the evidence supporting a change in practice is sufficient to justify making that change. There are acknowledged limitations in the current studies. Many of the studies examined had small sample sizes; used nonprobability sampling; and used a phase lag design, which introduces the possibility of threats to internal validity and limits the generalizability of the results. Although many issues regarding the effects of developmental interventions remain unresolved, the available research base documents significant benefits of developmental care for LBW infants in consistent outcomes, without significant adverse effects. Particularly, although the individual studies vary somewhat in the definition of specific outcomes measured, instrumentation used, time and method of data collection, and preparaion of the care providers, in all studies, infants receiving the full protocol of individualized developmentally supportive care had improvements in some aspect of four areas of infant functioning: level of respiratory or oxygen support, the establishment of oral feeding; length of hospital stay, and infant behavioral regulation. In summary, based on the available literature, individualized developmental intervention should be incorporated into standard practice in neonatal intensive care. And this implementation needs to be coupled with ongoing research to evaluate the impact of an individualized developmental care programs on the short- and long-tenn health outcomes of LBW infants.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.262-269
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• 1994

본 연구는 잡종 강세 정도가 다른 벼 F$_1$과 양친품종들의 생장 특성 및 다수성 요인을 구명하고자 Indica와 Japonica에서 각각 F$_1$의 잡종강세가 큰 것과 작은 것 그리고 이들의 양친 등 10개 품종을 공시하여 생육 시기별 생장 특성, 질소 함량과 공간적 분포, 흡광계수, 광합성 속도, 수량 및 수량 구성요소에 대하여 검토한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. F$_1$의 잡종강세가 나타나는 수량 구성요소는 수수와 수당 영화수였으며, 단위 면적당 영화수는 양자의 Heterosis가 상승적으로 작용하여 가장 큰 잡종강세를 나타내었으며 등숙률과 천립중은 잡종강세 현상이 나타나지 않았다. 2. 출수기에 양친보다 상층부에 분포하는 잎이 많았으며 또한 광 소멸계수는 전 생육기간에 걸쳐서 양친보다 작아서 수광상태가 양호한 군락 구조를 형성하였다. 3. F$_1$은 양친에 비하여 잎의 질소함량이 높을 뿐만 아니라 군락 상하층간의 질소농도의 구배가 커서 군락 동화에 유리한 질소의 공간적 분포를 하였는데, 특히 생육 초기에 F$_1$과 양친간 질소의 공간적 구배의 차이가 컸으며 생육의 진전에 따라 그 차이는 작아졌다. 4. 유수 분화기 엽의 광합성 속도는 F$_1$이 양친 품종들보다 높았는데 이는 엽의 질소함량이 높은데서 기인되는 것으로 판단되었으며, 같은 품종군에서는 수량의 Heterosis가 높은 조합이 광합성 속도와 질소함량이 높았다. 5. 유수분화기 이전 특히 생육초기의 군락생장율(CGR), 순동화율(NAR), 엽면적지수(LAI)는 양친에 비하여 잡종품종이 높았으며, 품종들의 이 생육지표들은 잎의 질소함량과 높은 정의 상관이 있었다. 한편 영양생장기의 이 생육지표들 및 질소 보유량과 품종들의 수량 및 단위 면적당 영화수와는 정의 유의한 상관이 있었으며 생육초기일수록 상관이 높았다. 6. F$_1$은 생육초기에 엽의 질소함량이 높아 단위동화율이 높을 뿐만아니라 질소의 군락내 상하간의 농도 구배가 크고 흡광계수가 낮아 군락의 광합성에 유리하고, 이에따른 영양 생장기 건물 생산성의 증대가 단위 면적당 영화수의 증대를 통해 수량의 증대를 가져오는 것으로 판단되었다.

• 한국언론정보학보
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• 제66권
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• pp.28-58
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• 2014

2010년 말의 종편 승인 결정에서 현재 시점에 이르기까지 한국 방송산업은 상당 수준의 구조적 변동을 겪고 있다. 그 가운데 가장 특징적인 모습 하나는 단단한 수직결합 체계를 통해 국내 방송영상산업에서 강력한 콘텐츠 지배력을 유지해오던 지상파 제작 단위로부터 핵심 인력이 대규모로 유출되고 있는 현상일 것이다. 이 연구는 이와 같은 제작자 엑서더스 현상의 배후로서, 상업적 거대 미디어기업을 통해 방송부문에서 시장논리를 확대하려는 목적의식적 제도설계의 존재를 지목하고, 이와 같은 외부 요인이 방송산업 내부의 다양한 요인들과 맞물려 어떠한 양상을 빚어내고 있는지를 분석한다. 그 결과, 지상파 잔류보다는 이탈이 개인적 사회적 보상 차원에서 더 다양하고 더 큰 긍정유인을 제공한다고 본 제작자들 나름의 합리적 선택을 매개로 현재와 같은 대규모 이탈이 발생되었음을 확인하게 된다. 그러나 일부 복합 미디어 기업을 통해 진행되고 있는 이러한 창의성 재배치 과정이, 장기적으로 제작자들에게 더 많은 기회와 가능성을 보장하는 방향으로 귀결될지에 대해서는 다양한 의문이 제기된다. 이에 이 연구는 현재의 제도적 설계에 내재한 문제점을 지적하고, 이를 개선하기 위한 노력을 촉구한다.

• 한국광학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.38-43
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• 2014

두 파장 레이저를 구현하기 위해서 폴리머 광도파로 브래그 격자와 초발광 LED로 구성된 외부 공진 구조의 레이저를 제작하였다. 대형 립(oversized rib) 구조의 광도파로와 폴리머 광도파로 브래그 격자는 각각 유효굴절률법과 전송행렬법을 이용하여 설계하였으며, 서로 다른 격자 주기를 가지는 폴리머 광도파로 브래그 격자는 이중 노광 레이저 간섭법을 이용하여 제작하였다. 브래그 격자의 반사율 변화에 따른 외부 공진 레이저의 특성을 보기 위해 2 mm의 고정된 길이를 가지며 537 nm의 주기를 갖는 브래그 격자와 0.5 mm에서 6 mm까지 여러 가지 길이를 가지며 540 nm의 주기를 갖는 브래그 격자를 제작하였다. 격자 주기가 537 nm와 540 nm인 브래그 격자의 길이가 각각 2 mm와 2.2 mm일 때 제작된 두 파장 레이저는 1554 nm 파장과 1564 nm 파장에서 0 dBm에 가까운 출력 파워를 보이며, 45 dB이상의 SMSR(side mode suppression ratio)와 0.2 nm의 20-dB 대역폭 특성을 가짐을 확인하였다.

• Current Optics and Photonics
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.107-112
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• 2017

An adaptive optics system can be simulated or analyzed to predict its closed-loop performance. However, this type of prediction based on various assumptions can occasionally produce outcomes which are far from actual experience. Thus, every adaptive optics system is desired to be tested in a closed loop on an optical test bench before its application to a telescope. In the close-loop test bench, we need an atmospheric simulator that simulates atmospheric disturbances, mostly in phase, in terms of spatial and temporal behavior. We report the development of an atmospheric turbulence simulator consisting of two point sources, a commercially available deformable mirror with a $12{\times}12$ actuator array, and two random phase plates. The simulator generates an atmospherically distorted single or binary star with varying stellar magnitudes and angular separations. We conduct a simulation of a binary star by optically combining two point sources mounted on independent precision stages. The light intensity of each source (an LED with a pin hole) is adjustable to the corresponding stellar magnitude, while its angular separation is precisely adjusted by moving the corresponding stage. First, the atmospheric phase disturbance at a single instance, i.e., a phase screen, is generated via a computer simulation based on the thin-layer Kolmogorov atmospheric model and its temporal evolution is predicted based on the frozen flow hypothesis. The deformable mirror is then continuously best-fitted to the time-sequenced phase screens based on the least square method. Similarly, we also implement another simulation by rotating two random phase plates which were manufactured to have atmospheric-disturbance-like residual aberrations. This later method is limited in its ability to simulate atmospheric disturbances, but it is easy and inexpensive to implement. With these two methods, individually or in unison, we can simulate typical atmospheric disturbances observed at the Bohyun Observatory in South Korea, which corresponds to an area from 7 to 15 cm with regard to the Fried parameter at a telescope pupil plane of 500 nm.

• 한국광학회지
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.383-388
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• 2007

본 논문에서는 광파장 이하의 주기를 갖는 금속 격자형 가시광선 대역 컬러필터를 제안하고 구현하였다. 이 소자는 쿼츠 기판 위의 알루미늄 금속 층에 원형 홀이 2차원으로 배열된 격자로 구성되어 있다. 격자의 구조 파라미터 즉, 금속 박막 두께, 격자 주기, 홀 크기, 홀 구성 물질의 굴절률 등이 필터의 전달특성에 미치는 영향을 분석하여 소자를 설계하였다. 특히, 격자 홀을 구성하는 물질의 굴절률을 조절함으로써 필터의 특성을 최적화하고자 시도하였다. 본 논문에서는 전자빔 직접 기록 방식을 도입하여 두 개의 소자를 구현하였는데, 이들의 설계 파라미터를 살펴보면 격자 높이는 50 nm로 동일하며, 주기는 각각 340 nm와 260 nm였다. 측정된 결과를 살펴보면, 주기가 $\Lambda=340nm$인 소자의 경우에 중심파장은 680 nm이고 최대 투과율은 57%였으며, 주기가 $\Lambda=260nm$인 소자의 경우에는 중심파장이 550 nm이고 최대 투과율을 50%였다. 특히, 계산 결과를 통하여 격자 홀을 기판과 동일한 굴절률과 동일한 물질로 채움으로써 투과효율이 15% 이상 증가함을 확인하였다.

• The International Journal of Costume Culture
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.25-33
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• 2001

This study is to analyze Korean-Chinese women's Costume in Yabian with factors such as reform opening-up, economic growth, change of social values, development of technology, more education opportunities and influence of mass media. It divides the 1990's into two halves. Photos, interview, observation and relevant literature were used for this study. Even though economy grew rapidly, they needed to purchase daily goods other than clothes. In a way that they preferred practicality, it showed somewhat it was still developing. The trend in the first half of the 1990's was characterized : first, Synthetic or artificial fibers and ready-made suits were popular ; second, there still remained the men's style ; third, they wore Tanrikoo(彈力袴), Tisingkoo(體型袴), Jiaotakoo(脚袴) because of its properties of activeness and comfort ; fourth, shoulders looked ore prominent with pads as they were used in Chungsanfoo(中山服) ; fifth, clothes in grey and dark blue was in fashion ; sixth, they wore hand-made knit vests and sweaters and often mountain-climbing gears for its light and warm quality ; seventh, along with opening-up, various materials and colorful clothes were in style, which satisfied women's desire for beauty. They decorated Hanbok(韓服), using sleeves with colors, golden ornaments, flower patterns embroidery, materials of different color in collar and tie and dyes of sleeves and skirts. In the first half of the 1990's when the opening-up was beginning, there were diverse styles and colors in fashion, yet not close to good quality. As the economy grew, the second half of the 1990's was characterized by good palate, individuality, favouritism on foreign goods, rapid change of fashion. For instance, fur coat and woolen fabric were favored. Economic growth led to abundance of cloth, dyes and decorative materials. In addition, people possessed more clothing and it was possible for them to wear both Hanbok and wedding dress in wedding ceremony. People placed their standards on competency and financial ability rather than ideology. Worship disappeared and individuality arose. Therefore, apparel functioned not only as protection but as suits with aesthetic purpose. This resulted in introduction of bold style, imitation of western countries and extension of use of Hanbok. With the help of mass media, transportation, telecommunication, contact with Korean company and civilians, Korean and western cultures, through Korea, were accepted. Change in structure of economic status caused excessive spending and more educational opportunities that enabled people to accept foreign culture quickly. Values moved onto new, beautiful and better characteristics. it was possible to have suits ready-made due to improvement of mass production and cotten, wool, linen, silk became popular owing to technology. New technology, the bases of mass consumption, increased possession of clothing and accelerated change of fashion. In summary, women's Costume in Yanbian were affected by the factors in economy, politics, culture contact as well as change of society and technology.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.35-40
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• 2013

In this study, the influence on the surface passivation properties of crystalline silicon according to silicon wafer thickness, and the correlation with a-Si:H/c-Si heterojunction solar cell performances were investigated. The wafers passivated by p(n)-doped a-Si:H layers show poor passivation properties because of the doping elements, such as boron(B) and phosphorous(P), which result in a low minority carrier lifetime (MCLT). A decrease in open circuit voltage ($V_{oc}$) was observed when the wafer thickness was thinned from $170{\mu}m$ to $50{\mu}m$. On the other hand, wafers incorporating intrinsic (i) a-Si:H as a passivation layer showed high quality passivation of a-Si:H/c-Si. The implied $V_{oc}$ of the ITO/p a-Si:H/i a-Si:H/n c-Si wafer/i a-Si:H/n a-Si:H/ITO stacked layers was 0.715 V for $50{\mu}m$ c-Si substrate, and 0.704 V for $170{\mu}m$ c-Si. The $V_{oc}$ in the heterojunction solar cells increased with decreases in the substrate thickness. The high quality passivation property on the c-Si led to an increasing of $V_{oc}$ in the thinner wafer. Short circuit current decreased as the substrate became thinner because of the low optical absorption for long wavelength light. In this paper, we show that high quality passivation of c-Si plays a role in heterojunction solar cells and is important in the development of thinner wafer technology.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.101-108
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to compare GRF characteristics during walking wearing jogging and roller shoes. Twelve male middle school students (age: $15.0{\pm}0.0\;yrs$, height: $173.6{\pm}5.0\;cm$, weight: $587.6{\pm}89.3\;N$) who have no known musculoskeletal disorders were recruited as the subjects. Kinematic data from six S-VHS camcorders(Panasonic AG456, 60 fields/s) and GRF data from two force platform; (AMII OR6-5) were collected while subjects walked wearing roller and jogging shoes in random order at a speed of 1.1 m/s. An event sync unit with a bright LED light was used to synchronize the video and GRF recordings. GRF data were filtered using a 20 Hz low pass Butterworth. digital filter and further normalized to the subject's body weight. For each trial being analyzed, five critical instants and four phases were identified from the recording. Temporal parameters, GRFs, displacement of center of pressure (DCP), and loading and decay rates were determined for each trial. For each dependent variable, paired t-test was performed to test if significant difference existed between shoe conditions (p <.05). Vertical GRFs at heel contact increased and braking forces at the end of initial double limb stance reduced significantly when going from jogging shoe to roller shoe condition. Robbins and Waked (1997) reported that balance and vertical GRF are closely related It seems that the ankle and knee joints are locked in an awkward fashion at the heel contact to compensate for the imbalance. The DCP in the antero-posterior direction for the roller shoe condition was significantly less than the corresponding value for the jogging shoe condition. Because the subjects tried to keep their upper body weight in front of the hip to prevent falling backward, the DCP for the roller shoe condition was restricted The results indicate that walking with roller shoes had little effect on temporal parameters, and loading and decay rates. It seems that there are differences in GRF characteristics between roller shoe and jogging shoe conditions. The differences in GRF pattern may be caused primarily by the altered position of ankle, knee, and center of mass throughout the walking cycle. Future studies should examine muscle activation patterns and joint kinematics during walking with roller shoes.