• International Journal of Reliability and Applications
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• v.2 no.4
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• pp.269-280
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• 2001

The objective of this paper is to provide a model for effective implementation of costing RAM management in the design and procurement of production facility considering the system cost-performance trade-off. This research proposes a two-step approach of costing RAM design and test of system RAM for production facility. In Step 1, a static model is proposed to find an initial system configuration to meet the required performance based on system RAM and LCC and analyzes the trade-off relationships between various factors of RAM and LCC. In the second Step, we developed time and failure truncated models for system reliability test and analysis. For the computational purpose, we developed computer programs and have shown the sample results. By the sample test run, the proposed model has shown the possibilities to provide a good method to analyze system performance evaluation for both design and operational phase, This model can be applied to a wide variety of systems not only for costing RAM of the production facilities but also for the other kinds of equipment.

• IE interfaces
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.37-51
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• 1993

This paper studies the economic replacement method for production facilities which requires huge investment but are necessary for higher productivity and competability of products. That is, the general models for the decision of economic life of properties which minimizes the total costs throughout the usage life(Life cycle costs) are generated. Main factors which make influences for the decision of econmic life can be divided by three. These are the change of salvage value, repair and maintenance costs, and availability of production facilities with the passage of usage time. In this paper, the real world data for these three factors are collected and analyzed for the extraction of representative standard forms with the passage of time. And general models for economic replacement methods and optimal usage terms are presented through tables with the combination of the standard forms of these three main factors.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.138-154
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• 2008

The conventional non-dig underground structure building method which made an appearance to reduce the social and environmental costs and maximize the efficiency of the social overhead capital facilities could not help being uneconomical because of many problems such as unnecessary excessive excavation, water leakage, obstacle interference, difficulty of curvilinear application and connection complexity between propelled and injected bodies due to indiscriminate application of small and large circular steel pipes without consideration of the site conditions. The T.S.T.M, in which a protruded square tube is applied as a propulsion and injection body in a design that considered site conditions such as ground condition, depth of soil and live load, was able to be economical as it solved the problems of water resistance, minimization of obstacle interference and curvilinearity, and we can see that it can be applied to all grounds by utilizing or complementing the target ground in terms of engineering. Also in configuring the transverse section, it is possible to not only secure excellent structural safety but also implement all of the above engineering characteristics not only in the square cross section but also in the arch cross section, so it was possible to build structures on any section or ground, and we could confirm the LCC reduction effect and the VE effect.

• Journal of Practical Agriculture & Fisheries Research
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.77-86
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• 2019

To determine none top soil covering in rice seedling nursery method for the sparse machine transplanting, four different sowing methods were tested. Shoot and root length, fresh weight, leaf number and color using leaf color chart(LCC) and SPAD were collected as the data comparison of methods. The seedling height showed the highest growth according to the conventional (230g seed rate of pre-emerged seeds and top-soil covering) > high sowing density 1 (290g seed rate of pre-emerged seeds and top-soil covering) ≥ high sowing density 2(290g seed rate of pre-emerged seeds and none top-soil covering) > high sowing density 3(290g seed rate of iron-coated seeds and none top-soil covering). There was any statistical difference between groups in root length, leaf number, LCC, and SPAD values. Thus, a high sowing density of 290g for rice nursery seedling box was recommended to the sparse machine transplanting in rice cultivation with the none top-soil covering method, enabling convenient handling in transportation and machine transplanting work.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.470-475
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• 2007

The present study has been conducted economic analysis through actual operation of electric heat pump (EHP) and gas engine driven heat pump (GHP) which are installed at the same building in the university. Cost items, such as initial cost, annual energy cost and maintenance cost of each system are considered to analyze life cycle cost (LCC) and economical efficiencies are compared. The initial cost is considered on the basis of actual cost, and annual energy cost is converted into the cost after measuring electricity and gas consumption a day LCC applied present value method is used to assess economical profit of both of them. Variables used to LCC analysis are electricity cost escalation rate, natural gas cost escalation rate, interest rate, and service lives when each of them are 4%, 2%, 8%, and 20 years. The result shows that EHP (148,257,306 won) is more profitable than GHP (161,239,296 won) by 8.05% (12,981,990 won).

• 한국방재학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2007.02a
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• pp.125-129
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• 2007

In this paper, a PMS(Pavement Management System) application is presented to control the LCC(Life Cycle Cost) of road pavement. The aim of this paper is to provide the decision makers with the planning information regarding maintenance strategies for efficient road pavement management. The validity of PMS application presented in this paper is investigated through case studies for conducted for 22 national highway road sections in Korea.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.72-79
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to analysis variation of range estimation for maintenance costs of education facilities based on LCC. The adapted research method selected three education facilities in Gyeonggi-Do region. On the basis of actual maintenance costs and analyzed estimation maintenance costs are compared for analyzing standard deviation and coefficient of variation. The research of this study are as follows: 1) The average actual maintenance costs for 1,317million won and each part of average ratio exterior 19%, interior 28%, electricity & fire fighting 22%, water supply & healthy 18%, heating & water supply 13%. 2)The average analysis maintenance costs for 1,920million won and each part of average ratio exterior 20%, interior 25%, electricity & fire fighting 22%, water supply & healthy 20%, heating &water supply 13%.. 3) The analysis variation of ranges for average costs 1,619million won for minimum costs 1,409million, maximum costs 1,813million won.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.49 no.6
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• pp.710-714
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• 2011

In present work, $La_{0.8}Ca_{0.2}CrO_{3}$(LCC), $La_{0.8}Sr_{0.2}CrO_{3}$(LSC) and $La_{0.8}Ca_{0.2}CrO_{0.9}Co_{0.1}O_{3}$(LCCC) ceramic interconnect layer for SOFC were prepared by using thermal plasma spray coating process. The LCC, LSC and LCCC powders were characterized by x-ray diffraction(XRD), scanning electron microscopy(SEM), particle counter and BET analysis. In addition, basic and essential properties such as the surface morphology, cross section, gas leak rate, and electrical conductivity of LCC, LSC, and LCCC layers coated by thermal plasma spray coating process were analyzed and discussed. Based on these experimental results, it can be concluded that the LCCC layer coated by thermal plasma spray coating process can be suitable as a ceramic interconnect of SOFC.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.576-581
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• 2012

A 23 W continuous wavelength $CO_2$ laser system exited by a high-frequency LCC resonant converter is adapted to cut a biodegradable rope fabricated with polybutylene succinate. As the biodegradable rope consists of three twisted strands, the thickness changes relative to the position of the laser beam and we thus propose a method to determine exact cutting depth. In order to obtain the parameters related to the rope cutting, the experimental and theoretical cutting depths are compared and analyzed for a range of laser heat sources. The melted thickness and groove width of the cut biodegradable rope are also examined. The proposed theoretical cutting depth depends on the incident power and target velocity ratio. From these experimental results, the biodegradable rope with a diameter of 22 mm can be cut with a heat source of 50 J/cm resulting in a melted thickness of 1.96 mm and a groove width of 0.65 mm. The laser system is shown to be perfect tool for the processing of biodegradable rope without the occurrence of raveling.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.94-98
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• 2014

This study was intend to develop the optimal design method of suspension bridge by the reliability analysis based on minimization of life cycle cost(LCC). The reliability analysis was performed considering aleatory uncertainties included in the result of numerical analysis. The optimal design was estimated based on life-cycle cost analysis depending on the result of reliability analysis. As the effect of epistemic uncertainty, the safety index (beta), failure probability (pf) and minimum life cycle cost were random variables. The high-level distributions were generated, from which the critical percentile values were obtained for a conservative bridge design through sensitivity assessment.