• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.387-397
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• 2021

This study aims to present reference data necessary for developing evaluation indicators to analyze the actual resilience of purchased land by investigating the factors that affect the restoration of the purchased land in the riparian zone and quantitatively calculating its importance. The main results are as follows. Firstly, this study identified 34 potential resilience factors through a literature review encompassing domestic and overseas studies and derived seven ecological responsiveness factors, six physical responsiveness factors, and four managerial responsiveness factors through the Delphi survey. Secondly, reliability analysis and Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) analysis derived the following important factors: structural stability of the vegetation restored in the purchased land, species diversity of wildlife, structural stability of wildlife, the size of restored wetland after purchase, number of plant species, and the land cover status adjacent to the purchased land. The study results are expected to be helpful information for ecological restoration and management plans reflecting reinforcing factors for resilience at each stage of land purchase, restoration, and management.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.38 no.6_1
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• pp.1035-1046
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• 2022

This study evaluated the applicability of multi-resolution data fusion for land-cover classification. In the applicability evaluation, a spatial time-series geostatistical deconvolution/fusion model (STGDFM) was applied as a multi-resolution data fusion model. The study area was selected as some agricultural lands in Iowa State, United States. As input data for multi-resolution data fusion, Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) and Landsat satellite images were used considering the landscape of study area. Based on this, synthetic Landsat images were generated at the missing date of Landsat images by applying STGDFM. Then, land-cover classification was performed using both the acquired Landsat images and the STGDFM fusion results as input data. In particular, to evaluate the applicability of multi-resolution data fusion, two classification results using only Landsat images and using both Landsat images and fusion results were compared and evaluated. As a result, in the classification result using only Landsat images, the mixed patterns were prominent in the corn and soybean cultivation areas, which are the main land-cover type in study area. In addition, the mixed patterns between land-cover types of vegetation such as hay and grain areas and grass areas were presented to be large. On the other hand, in the classification result using both Landsat images and fusion results, these mixed patterns between land-cover types of vegetation as well as corn and soybean were greatly alleviated. Due to this, the classification accuracy was improved by about 20%p in the classification result using both Landsat images and fusion results. It was considered that the missing of the Landsat images could be compensated for by reflecting the time-series spectral information of the MODIS images in the fusion results through STGDFM. This study confirmed that multi-resolution data fusion can be effectively applied to land-cover classification.

• Journal of the Korean Regional Science Association
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.43-57
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• 2022

The Land Suitability Assessment is mandatory by National Land Planning and Utilization Act and the results are considered in the establishment of urban master plan and urban management plan. The study aims to examine whether the application of Land Suitability Assessment in developed urban areas is appropriate. A simulation analysis based on the Seoul's data of environmental ecological, physical, and spatial characteristics was conducted on urban green, the only applicable land for the assessment in Seoul. The results of the assessment shows that all pieces of lands in urban green is suitable for 'development'. This conflicts to the purpose of land use of urban green which needs to be conserved to protect the natural environment and landscape, animals and plants, environmental pollution, and urban sprawl. In the analysis applying optional indicators such as the distance from the area of Biotope Class 1 to prevent this conflict, the results shows little difference. This supports the necessity to review this regulation including an option to exclude developed urban areas such as Seoul in the assessment.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.87-94
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• 2002

This study was carried out to evaluate bending property on principal domestic species such as sargent cherry(Prunus sargentii), bitter wood(Picrasma quassioides), horn beam(Carpinus laxiflora), cork oak(Quercus variabilis), birch(Betula schmidtii), painted maple(Acer mono), basswood(Tilia amurensis), red pine(Pinus densiflora), pitch pine(Pinus rigtda), royal pawlonia(Paulownia tomentosa) by microwave heating. In this study, radius of curvature(ROC) for bending process was classified by radius of curvature(ROC) of bending plate such as 4 cm, 6 cm, and 10 cm, and thickness of metal-strap(TMS) was 0.6 mm and 0.8 mm. Bending process was successfully operated for 100 percent in bitter wood, horn beam, birch and painted maple. On the other hand, there was a success rate of 58 percent in sargent cherry and 83 percent in cork oak and 29 percent in basswood and 8 percent in royal pawlonia which is the worst bending property. All specimens of basswood and royal pawlonia were broken at 4 cm of ROC. Success rate of bending property was shown 44 percent in red pine and 56 percent in pitch pine. TMS has an effect on only drying speed in drying process than difficulty and facility of bending property. It was considered that the thinner TMS in drying process is the faster in drying speed of bent wood.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.741-747
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to analyze the success and failure factors of the Seoul Garden show to redefine the purpose and goal of the Seoul Garden show in the future, and to create a foundation for the Seoul Metropolitan Government to contribute to the popularization and spread of garden culture and improvement of emotional life. In order to achieve the above purpose, a survey was conducted on two groups of the general public and exhibition participants. The contents of the survey include identifying satisfaction factors and problems with the Seoul Garden show, and establishing the direction of the Seoul Garden show. As for the factors of success, the number of writers was the highest, and the improvements were overall for each element of the Seoul Garden show, but mainly for industrial exhibitions, rest areas, and publicity. In addition, the Seoul Garden show should be held in the old park with the aim of spreading, popularizing, and living the garden culture, and many gardens should be created around the artist's garden. The Seoul Garden show is contributing to society in many ways, and there are some improvements, but considering the high willingness to revisit the Seoul Garden show, it can be said that the Seoul Garden show so far is valuable enough.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2022.10a
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• pp.92-92
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• 2022

In preparation for the ever-changing climate and unification of North Korea and South Korea, it is necessary to increase the grain self-sufficiency rate by selecting crops with good utilization in high-altitude regions. The principle is to sow pastures at the end of August. However, sowing occurs in spring because the sowing period is missed when the weather is bad or when the workforce is insufficient. Sometimes when the grassland is completely devastated, it is frequently sowed in spring. In addition, North Korea consists of a high-altitude regions, and has been devastated in a general mountainous region. As a result, the landscape is not good and it is vulnerable to natural disasters such as landslides. Therefore, to prevent this, pasture must be sowed in the high-altitude regions. The goal of this study was to evaluate and compare yield and feed value of pasture species and varieties by spring sowing in high-latitude regions. The study was conducted in Pyeongchang, Gangwon-do, which is 700m height above sea level. The pasture species and varieties was sown on April 24, 2022. Each treatment was carried out by sowing 30 kg/ha, the experiment field size was 1 m²(1m×1m), and randomized block design with tri-repeat. The total of 14 varieties was used in the study, 6 varieties of Orchardgrass (OG), 6 varieties of Tall fescue (TF) and 2 varieties of Perennial ryegrass (PRG). The grassland composition fertilization using (N:P₂O₅:K₂O at 80:200:70 kg/ha) was conducted and management fertilizer was N:P₂O₅:K₂O at 210:150:180 kg/ha. The first harvest was June 26,2022 and the second harvest was on August 16, 2022. For statistical analysis of the data, an Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was performed using the R3.6.3 software program, and all data was subjected to analysis using Duncan's multiple range test. Significance was set at the 5% level. The dry matter yield at the first harvest was the highest in PRG, and second harvest was the highest in TF (p < 0.05). Overall, PRG showed a trend of gradually decreasing growth, OG and TF showed a trend of gradually improving growth. This showed that PRG was considerably weaker to summer depression than other pasture species. Comparing the total dry matter yield, TF was the highest (4,565.45 kg/ha), but there was no significance difference with PRG (4,487.24 kg/ha) (p < 0.05). In addition, comparing the total TDN (total digestible nutrient) yield, TF was the highest (3147.33 kg/ha), second in PRG (2975.67 kg/ha) and third in OG (2052.33 kg/ha). Since this result is the data of the second harvests, if the result is derived by the end of next year, it will be provided as basic data for selection of pasture species and varieties suitable for spring seeding in high-altitude regions.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.112 no.4
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• pp.530-543
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• 2023

Societal value of the benefits forests provide has grown significantly, given their pivotal role in mitigating climate change and fostering the shift toward a carbon-neutral society. Due to the economic and public value of forests, which extends far beyond landowners and foresters, the forestry sector mutually interacts with society as a whole. Thus, understanding public perceptions and preferences concerning forests and forest policies from the societal viewpoint is vital for shaping future forest policy decisions. This research delved into evolving perceptions over the past 32 years, using a time-series analysis of data gathered from the 'Public awareness survey on forests'. This survey, conducted seven times between 1991 and 2023 by opinion poll agents, provides insights into changing sentiments. The findings reveal a notable increase in public satisfaction with overall forest policies. Specifically, positive sentiments were observed regarding forest rehabilitation, forest trails, education initiatives, and the establishment and functioning of forest recreation facilities. Conversely, the study highlights areas where public satisfaction remained relatively low, notably in matters concerning the use and conversion of mountainous regions, forest disaster prevention, and international forest cooperation. Additionally, the respondents emphasized the need for heightened attention to forest management, the development of forest roads, and increased efforts in overseas afforestation compared to current initiatives.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.35-47
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• 2024

Thirty-five elementary schools in Gwangju and Jeollanam-do were surveyed on the installation status of plant labels. As a result of a comprehensive evaluation of the installation and condition of the plant labels, 12 out of 35 elementary schools were evaluated as "excellent," 13 as "good," and 8 as "insufficient." In some cases, various types of plant labels were installed on various types of plants and were updated continuously, indicating that the school members recognize the plant labels as an important educational tool. Meanwhile, some schools did not have a single plant label. Although plant labels were installed, instances occurred where they were neglected without continuous maintenance and management. Some plant labels were produced and installed by specialized companies, leading to errors in content or inadequate post-installation management, thereby compromising the school landscape. Therefore, we propose an alternative-allowing schools to independently produce and install plant labels. This approach preserves the school's uniqueness, and the process of producing and installing sustainable plant labels becomes an active educational tool.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.79-89
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• 2024

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the area adjustment criteria and methods of the feasibility study of national park plans by applying them to Hallyeohaesang National Park. As a result of the ecological-based assessment used to identify the adjustment target areas, the ecological-based assessment Grades I and II that can be considered for inclusion were analyzed as 10.0% and 40.4%, respectively. Grade V, which can be considered for release, was 9.9%. As a result of the inclusion and release suitability assessment, the area subject to inclusion was 35.150 km² (3.669 km² on land and 31.481 km² at sea), and the area subject to release was 0.071 km² on land. When local governments and residents request the release of a park area for public interest or convenience, the release can be considered as long as the total area does not change, which is called a mutual exchange. The release area determined by mutual exchange was 10.386 km². It was 146 times the area determined by the suitability assessment for release. Matching the areas released by the mutual exchange with the ecological-based assessment, 70.6% (7.321 km²) was in Grades I and II, which can never be released. As a result, it was determined that the area adjustment of the feasibility study of Hallyeohaesang National Park was based on a very limited application of the results of the ecological-based assessment or the release suitability assessment. Also, mutual exchange was the key to area adjustment of the feasibility studies of national parks.

• Journal of Ginseng Culture
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• v.6
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• pp.105-115
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• 2024

Wild ginseng, grown in undisturbed forest environments, has been maintained for centuriesthrough human intervention and knowledge, leading to the development of current ginseng agriculture. The practice of ginseng farming has long been established in various regions of Korea. However, the ginseng farming specifically in Geumsan was recognized as a Globally Important Agricultural Heritage System (GIAHS) by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) in 2018. This designation was granted after a thorough evaluation, which confirmed that Geumsan's ginseng farming met the necessary criteria, including historical importance, traditional knowledge system, agrobiodiversity, and agricultural landscape. Traditional ginseng farming in Geumsan practices the 'rotating agriculture system', a sustainable land use approach that has been developed over several cycles of long duration (10-15 years). It contains the knowledge to choose locations for cultivation that prioritize the direction of sunlight and wind circulation. Furthermore, it received significant recognition for its agricultural heritage value based on its maintenance of several traditional knowledge systems, including ancestral wisdom and knowledge regarding pre-planting field management techniques. As of December 2023, there are currently 86 locations in 26 nations that have been designated as GIAHS. Among these sites, Geumsan stands out as the first and only site in the world specifically recognized for the cultivation of ginseng crops. This historical record serves as a significant reminder of Korea's prominent position as a major producer of ginseng on a global level. This article first provides an overview of the concept of agricultural heritage, the designation criteria, and the status of the designation. It then identifies, among the GIAHS designation criteria, the agricultural heritage value of traditional ginseng farming in the Geumsan region from the perspective of local traditional knowledge systems.