• 제목/요약/키워드: L1 interference

검색결과 226건 처리시간 0.025초

마이크로셀 시스템에서 다양성 기법을 도입한 16 star-QAM의 성능 해석 (Performance Analysis of 16 star-QAM with Diversity Reception in Microcell Systems)

  • 지수복;고봉진
    • 한국통신학회논문지
    • /
    • 제25권1A호
    • /
    • pp.1-9
    • /
    • 2000
  • 이 논문에서는 덧셈형 백색 정규잡음과 동일채널 간섭 성분이 존재하는 마이크로셀 시스템에서 다양성 기법을 도입한 16 star-QAM은 위상 검차와 진폭 검사의 두단계로 분리되는 차동 검파 방식인데 이동 통신로상의 감쇄 때문에 성능이 떨어지는 것을 어느 정도 줄이고, 시스템의 복잡성도 줄일 수 있다. 그리고, 감쇄로 인해 성능이 떨어지는 것을 막기 위하여 위상 검파와 진폭 검파에 대해 각각 등이득 합성법과 최대비 합성법을 채택한 16 star-QAM의 성능을 라이스 계수{{{{ { K}_{ } }} }}, 최대 도플러 주시파 {{{{ { f}_{ } }} }}d{{{{ { T}_{ } }} }}, 신호대 동일채널 간섭파 전력비 그리고, 다양성의 가치 수 {{{{ { L}_{ } }} }}의 여러 가지 값에 대해 평가하였다.

  • PDF

2.4 ㎓ ISM대역 채널 환경에서 무선 데이터 시스템간의 상호 간섭 영향 분석 (Analysis on the impact of Mutual Interference between the Wireless Data communication systems within the 2.4㎓ ISM Band Channel environment)

  • 김성철
    • 한국정보통신학회논문지
    • /
    • 제8권6호
    • /
    • pp.1068-1075
    • /
    • 2004
  • 2.4㎓ 대역 무선통신망을 통해 서비스되는 WLAN과 Bluetooth시스템은 서로 동일한 환경 하에서 상호 보완적인 서비스를 제공하고 있다. 이러한 두 시스템의 상호 패킷이 시간과 가우시안 거리의 불확실성에 존재할 경우 시스템간에 충돌이 발생하게 된다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 두 시스템간의 상호 공존의 방법을 도모하기 위해 상호 간섭의 영향을 분석하고자한다. 반송파 주파수 오프셋에 따른 신호대 잡음간섭신호에 의한 심볼 오차확률의 분석을 통해 두 시스템간의 간섭영향을 분석하였다.

Miniaturized Fluorometer Based on Total Internal Reflector and Condensing Mirror

  • Jang, Dae-Ho;Yoo, Jae-Chern
    • Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
    • /
    • 제17권1호
    • /
    • pp.81-85
    • /
    • 2013
  • A miniaturized fluorescence detection system based on total internal reflection (TIR) configuration, which is applicable to detecting the presence of biological materials labeled with fluorescence dye in micro total analysis systems (${\mu}TAS$), is proposed. In conventional fluorescence testing and analysis devices, interference between the excitation light beam and the emitted light from dyes is unavoidable. This paper presents a fluorescence detection system based on TIR configuration that allows the excitation light beam and the emitted light to be spatially perpendicular to each other so as to minimize the interference where fluorescence emission is detected at the orthogonal angle to the excitation beam. We achieved the limit of detection of about 5 nmol/L with a high linearity of 0.994 over a wide range of 6-FAM mol concentration, being comparable to that in earlier studies.

공항철도연계 구간의 고속열차(KTX)와 전동열차(AREX) 혼용운용에 따른 ATP지상설비간 상호간섭 영향에 관한 연구 (Study on the mutual interference of mixed mode operation between KTX and AREX train at the airport linked line)

  • 김봉수;송인근
    • 한국산학기술학회논문지
    • /
    • 제17권7호
    • /
    • pp.23-30
    • /
    • 2016
  • 공항 철도 연계 시설 확충 사업에 따라 수색역구내에서 공항 철도로 연결선(L=2.2km)을 건설하고 신호 시스템 및 정거장을 개량하여 경의선 수색역에서 공항 철도로 경부선 및 호남선 고속열차(KTX)를 직결 운행 할 수 있도록 하였다. KTX/AREX 열차의 혼용 운행에 따른 AREX 전동 열차의 신호 시스템은 기존과 동일한 ATC /ATO 방식으로 운행하고 KTX 고속 열차는 ERTMS/ETCS L1 ATP 방식을 신설하여 운행하기로 하였으나 "고속 열차(KTX)와 공항 철도의 지상 신호 설비" 간 및 "공항 철도 차량(AREX)과 고속 열차용 ATP 시스템 지상 설비간 상호 간섭 등의 문제점으로 인하여 고속 열차 운행이 불가능하게 되었다. 이에 공항 철도 비콘과 KTX 열차용 발리스의 특성을 비교 분석한 결과 상호 간섭에 대한 기술적 보완이 필요함을 확인하게 되었다. 따라서 이러한 복합적인 문제의 해결과 기술적 타당성을 확인하기 위해 3가지 유형의 시험 모듈로 실제의 열차를 이용하여 시험을 함으로서 "고속열차(KTX)와 공항 철도 지상 신호 설비간" 및 "공항 철도 전동차(AREX)와 고속 열차용 ATP시스템 지상 설비" 간 상호 간섭 등의 문제점을 해소하고자 한다.

Determination of Bovine Serum Albumin by Its Enhancement Effect of Nile Blue Fluorescence

  • Lee, Sang-Hak;Suh, Jung-Kee;Li, Ming
    • Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
    • /
    • 제24권1호
    • /
    • pp.45-48
    • /
    • 2003
  • A novel fluorimetric method has been developed for the determination of microgram quantities of bovine serum albumin (BSA) based on its enhancement effect of Nile Blue fluorescence at 670 nm, caused by binding of Nile Blue to BSA to produce a stable water soluble complex. The binding constant of micromole Nile Blue-BSA complex was estimated by Scatchard plot method. Under the optimal conditions, the increased fluorescence intensity was linearly related to BSA concentration in the range of 0.5-12.0 ㎍/mL. The detection limit was 0.2 ㎍/mL, and the relative standard deviation of six replicate measurements was 1.4% for 10.0 ㎍/mL BSA. There was little interference from amino acids, sugars and most of metal ions.

Residual determination of Ceftiofur in Raw Bovine Milk by Liquid Chromatography-Electrospray Mass Spectrometry

  • Lim, Jong-hwan;Park, Byung-kwon;Kim, Myoung-seok;Jang, Beom-Su;Kim, Doo;Yun, Hyo-in
    • 대한수의학회지
    • /
    • 제44권3호
    • /
    • pp.367-371
    • /
    • 2004
  • This report describes the determination of ceftiofur residues in milk from treatment of lactating dairy cattle by intramuscular injection of three consecutive daily doses of about 1 mg /kg BW, the recommended label dosing. The separation of ceftiofur was achieved on $C_1_8$ reverse phase column. The mobile phase consisted of 0.1% trifluoracetic acid in water (A) and 0.05% acetic acid in acetonitrile (B) and grediently flowed at the flow rate of 0.4 mL/min. As a result of analysis of blank raw bovine milk samples, matrix interference was not shown. Limit of detection and limit of quantitaion was 0.5 ng/mL and 1 ng/mL, respectively. The values of precision and recovery satisfied the guideline of National Veterinary Research and Quarantine Service (NVRQS, Korea). The mean residual concentration of ceftiofur in milk did not exceed 3.71 ng/mL when ceftiofur was administered intramuscularly to lactating dairy cattle for 3 consecutive days at 1 mg/kg of BW per day. It is much lower than the proposed MRL (100 ng/mL) of ceftiofur in milk.

광도파로열 격자 라우터의 경로오차 측정 방법에 관한 연구 (A Study on Measurement Method of Optical Path Error in Arrayed Waveguide Grating Router)

  • 박재성;정영철;문성욱
    • 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
    • /
    • 대한전기학회 1999년도 하계학술대회 논문집 E
    • /
    • pp.2431-2433
    • /
    • 1999
  • Phase errors of arrayed waveguide degrade the performance of AWG router, especially for dense WDM system. So it is necessary to measure the phase error and to compensate. The analysis method of the interference signal from the low coherence interferometer to measure the path length difference phase error is studied. The interference signal generated assuming the intentional path length difference errors of 0.1$\sim$0.4${\mu}m$ are analyzed and the results show that the path length difference phase error of ${\Delta}L$ within ${\pm}14^{\circ}$ of sampling phase error can be accurately measured.

  • PDF

The Matrix Effect of Biological Concomitant Element on the Signal Intensity of Ge, As, And Se in Inductively Coupled Plasma/Mass Spectrometry

  • Park, Kyung-Su;Kim, Sun-Tae;Kim, Young-Man;Kim, Yun-je;Lee, Won
    • Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
    • /
    • 제23권10호
    • /
    • pp.1389-1393
    • /
    • 2002
  • The non-spectroscopic interference effects that occurred in inductively coupled plasma/mass spectrometry were studied for Ge, As and Se in human urine and serum. Many biological samples contain Na, K, Cl and organic compounds, which may cause the enhancement and depression on the analyte signal. The effect of 1% concomitant elements such as N, Cl, S, P, C, Na, and K on a 100 ㎍/L germanium, arsenic and selenium signal has been investigated by ICP/MS. The interference effects were not in the same direction. It appeared that concomitant elements such as Cl, S, and C induce an enhancement effect, whereas N and P did not show any significant effect. And, Na and K caused a depression. We have found a link between the abundance of analytes and the ionization potential of concomitant elements (eV), except carbon and nitrogen.

전왜 액츄에이터용 PZMN-BT-PT계 세라믹스에 관한 연구 (The PZMN-BT-PT ceramics for Electrostrictive Actuator)

  • 윤현상;윤광희;박용욱;최형욱;백동수;박창엽
    • 대한전기학회논문지
    • /
    • 제43권4호
    • /
    • pp.620-626
    • /
    • 1994
  • As the electrostrictive actuator for optic control, PZN-BT-PT ceramics were investigated for the influences of sintering conditions on the structural, electrostrictive properties and the optical properties of Fabry-perot Interferometer using eletrostrictive ceramics. The specimen SS15T, sintered 1hr at 1150$^{\circ}C$, is sutible for eletrostrictive actuator because its piezoelectric constants(dS131T) and strain(XS131T) at dc 10kV/cm had the higest value of 175${\times}$10S0-12TC/N, -255${\times}$10S0-6TΔl/l respectively. As the dc electric field increased, the interference effect of Fabry-Perot Interferometer was increased. The most intense interference fringe and the maximum power of 160${\mu}$W were observed at dc 6kV/cm. Thus it was considered that specimen SS15T could be used as the electrostrictive actuator for optic control.

Pullulan Production from Starch Hydrolysate by Aureobasidium pullulans SH8646

  • Shin, Yong-Chul;Kim, Tae-Un
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
    • /
    • 제3권4호
    • /
    • pp.298-302
    • /
    • 1993
  • Pullulan was produced from starch hydrolysate with Aureobasidium pullulans SH8646. We could measure the correct amount of pullulan produced without the interference of starch from the culture supernatant by using a bacterial $\alpha$-amylase treatment and ethanol: acetone (1:1) precipitation. When 5% acid-hydrolyzed starch was used as a carbon source, the dry cell weights obtained were similar irrespective of DE values of starch hydrolysates. The dry cell weights of those on the starch hydrolysate media prepared with 0.1 N HC1 treatment, were slightly higher (9.5~10.5 g/l) than those on the starch hydrolysate media prepared with 1.0 N HCl (8.5~9.5 g/l). And among the starch hydrolysates showing DE values lower than 50, maximum pullulan production of 15 g/l was obtained at DE 30~40 starch hydrolysate but those showing DE values higher than 50, the pullulan production was increased with the increase of the DE value of starch hydrolysates. From the media containing 5%, 10%, and 15% starch hydrolysate (DE 25, 45, and 75), about 20~34% pullulan yield was obtained and the maximum pullulan yield of 34% (17g/l) was obtained from 5% DE 75 starch hydrolysate. The pullulan yields from starch hydrolysate media were much lower than those from glucose, maltose, maltotriose, and sucrose media.

  • PDF