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Production of Anthraquinone Derivatives by Hairy Roots of Rubia cordifolia var. pratensis (갈퀴꼭두선이의 Hairy Root 배양에 의한 Anthraquinone계 색소생산 연구(II))

  • Kim, You-Sun;Shin, Seung-Won
    • Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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    • v.27 no.4
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    • pp.301-308
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    • 1996
  • Hairy roots induced from stems of Rubia cordifolia var. pratensis were cultured in the liquid medium under a variety of auxins to find the optimal condition for the growth and production of pigments. Culture of the hairy roots on NN liquid medium containing NAA 0.5 mg/l was best for growth of hairy roots. Production of yellow anthraquinone derivatives and purpurin in hairy roots was enhanced by the culture on NN liquid medium without auxins. Effects of L-phenylalanine, L-tyrosine and juglone, synthesized via the shikimic acid pathway, on growth and production of pigments in hairy roots were studied in the present study. Concentration of exogeneous L-phenylalanine. L-tyrosine and juglone in liquid culture system of hairy root containing NAA 0.1 mg/l was decreased quickly in its early stages of the culture period. Addition of juglone to NN liquid medium containing NAA 0.1 mg/l enhanced the productivity of pigments in hairy roots.

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Optimization of supplemented whey medium composition for maximum viable cell count of L. crispatus KLB 46

  • Nam, Bo-Hyeon;Jang, Jeong-Eun;Kim, Seung-Cheol;Yun, Hyeon-Sik;So, Jae-Seong
    • 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 2000.11a
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    • pp.372-375
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    • 2000
  • Lactobacillus cristatus KLB 46 isolated from Korean woman was grown on supplemented whey medium and medium compositions were optimized for maximum viable cell count. Among the nitrogen sources tested, beef extract yielded the highest viable cell number. When corn steep liquor was applied as an additional nitrogen source, the viable cell number was highest $(3.11{\times}10^9\;CFU/ml)$ in the medium containing 50g/ l corn steep liquor and 10g/ l beef extract. The highest viable cell $count(5.00{\times}10^9\;CFU/ml)$ was obtained from the supplemented whey medium that contains beef extract(10g/ l ), corn steep liquor(50g/ l ), tween 80(0.1%, v/v) and trace amounts of sodium acetate(5g/ l ), dipotassium phosphate(2g/ l ), magnesium sulfate(0.1g/ l ), and manganese sulfate (0.05g/ l ).

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GPS L5 Acquisition Schemes for Rapid Code Phase Search and Fine Doppler Determination (GPS L5 신호에서 신속한 코드위상 재검색 및 정밀 도플러 결정 기법)

  • Joo, In-One;Choi, Seung-Hyun;Kim, Jae-Hyun;Shin, Chun-Sik;Lee, Sang-Uk;Kim, Jae-Hoon
    • Journal of the Korean Society for Aviation and Aeronautics
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    • v.17 no.4
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    • pp.17-24
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    • 2009
  • According to the GPS modernization, L5 is the third civilian GPS signal, broadcasts in a radio band reserved exclusively for aviation safety services. However, as the code length of GPS L5 is ten times longer than that of GPS L1, the acquisition processing time in GPS L5 takes longer than that of L1. This characteristics make the code phase detected initially change and cause the tracking loop to unlock. In order to overcome this problem, this paper proposes L5 acquisition schemes for the rapid code phase re-search and the fine doppler determination. The feasibility of the proposed scheme is demonstrated through the simulation results.

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L-histidine and L-carnosine exert anti-brain aging effects in D-galactose-induced aged neuronal cells

  • Kim, Yerin;Kim, Yuri
    • Nutrition Research and Practice
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    • v.14 no.3
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    • pp.188-202
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    • 2020
  • BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Brain aging is a major risk factor for severe neurodegenerative diseases. Conversely, L-histidine and L-carnosine are known to exhibit neuroprotective effects. The aim of this study was to examine the potential for L-histidine, L-carnosine, and their combination to mediate anti-brain aging effects in neuronal cells subjected to D-galactose-induced aging. MATERIALS/METHODS: The neuroprotective potential of L-histidine, L-carnosine, and their combination was examined in a retinoic acid-induced neuronal differentiated SH-SY5Y cell line exposed to D-galactose (200 mM) for 48 h. Neuronal cell proliferation, differentiation, and expression of anti-oxidant enzymes and apoptosis markers were subsequently evaluated. RESULTS: Treatment with L-histidine (1 mM), L-carnosine (10 mM), or both for 48 h efficiently improved the proliferation, neurogenesis, and senescence of D-galactose-treated SH-SY5Y cells. In addition, protein expression levels of both neuronal markers (β tubulin-III and neurofilament heavy protein) and anti-oxidant enzymes, glutathione peroxidase-1 and superoxide dismutase-1 were up-regulated. Conversely, protein expression levels of amyloid β (1-42) and cleaved caspase-3 were down-regulated. Levels of mRNA for the pro-inflammatory cytokines, interleukin (IL)-8, IL-1β, and tumor necrosis factor-α were also down-regulated. CONCLUSIONS: To the best of our knowledge, we provide the first evidence that L-histidine, L-carnosine, and their combination mediate anti-aging effects in a neuronal cell line subjected to D-galactose-induced aging. These results suggest the potential benefits of L-histidine and L-carnosine as anti-brain aging agents and they support further research of these amino acid molecules.

Cloning, Expression, and Characterization of a Cold-Adapted and Surfactant-Stable Alginate Lyase from Marine Bacterium Agarivorans sp. L11

  • Li, Shangyong;Yang, Xuemei;Zhang, Lan;Yu, Wengong;Han, Feng
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • v.25 no.5
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    • pp.681-686
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    • 2015
  • The purpose of this study was to find a cold-adapted and surfactant-stable alginate lyase as a candidate for biotechnological and industrial applications. The gene for a new alginate lyase, AlyL1, from Agarivorans sp. L11 was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli. The recombinant AlyL1 was most active at 40℃ (1,370 U/mg). It was a cold-adapted alginate lyase, which showed 54.5% and 72.1% of maximum activity at 15℃ and 20℃, respectively. AlyL1 was an alkaliphilic enzyme and most active at pH 8.6. In addition, it showed high stability in the presence of various surfactants at a high concentration (from 0.1% to 1% (w/v)). AlyL1 was an endo-type alginate lyase that degraded both polyM and polyG blocks, yielding disaccharides and trisaccharides as the main products. This is the first report of the cloning and functional expression of a cold-adapted and surfactant-stable alginate lyase. AlyL1 might be an interesting candidate for biotechnological and industrial applications.

Effects of Fine Powder Active Carbon Addition on the Wastewater Treatment Containing Phenol (Phenol함유 폐수의 처리에서 분말 활성탄 첨가의 영향)

  • 강선태;김정목
    • Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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    • v.22 no.3
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    • pp.98-102
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    • 1996
  • This study investigated performance of the phenol degradation and reaction characteristics according to variation of phenol volumetric loading rates and dilution rates in suspension and PACT reactors using Pseudomonas sp. B3. 1. Removal efficiencies of the PAC unit indicated about 100 % with phenol volumetric loading rates from 0.4 phenol $kg/ma^3\cdot d$ to 1.2 phenol $kg/m^3\cdot d$, however, which of the suspension reactor showed about 100% with from 0.2 phenol $kg/m^3\cdot d$ to 0.75 phenol $kg/ma^3\cdot day$. 2. The cell density slightly was decreased from 298.2 mg/l to 272 mg/l, when dilution rate for suspension was reactor increased from 0.4 to 1.41 1/d, and also the cell density suddenly was decreased to 145.5 mg/l and was washed out at the dilution rate higher than 1.60 1/d. But the cell density for the PAC unit was linearly decreased with dilution rate of from 0.8 to 3.0 1/d, and showed 220.75 mg/l at maximum dilution rate. 3. The phenol utilization rate was increased from 0.008 to 0.031 phenol g/l$\cdot$h, when dilution rate for suspension reactor was increased from 0.4 to 1.5 1/d, however, the rate for the PAC unit was linearly increased from 0.017 to 0.061 phenol g/l$\cdot$h as variation changes from 0.017 to 0.061 phenol g/l$\cdot$h dilution rate.

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Photosynthesis, Shoot Growth and Fruit Quality in 'Fuji'/M.9 Mature Apple Trees in Response to Prohexadione-calcium Treatments (Prohexadione-calcium 처리에 따른 성목기 '후지'/M.9 사과나무의 광합성, 신초생장 및 과실품질)

  • Sagong, Dong-Hoon;Song, Yang-Yik;Park, Moo-Yong;Kweon, Hun-Joong;Kim, Mok-Jong;Yoon, Tae-Myung
    • Horticultural Science & Technology
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    • v.32 no.6
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    • pp.762-770
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    • 2014
  • This study was conducted to elucidate the influence of prohexadione-calcium (Pro-Ca) application on shoot growth and fruit quality in 'Fuji'/M.9 mature apple trees. Pro-Ca was applied at concentrations ranging from 100 to $400mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ one time at petal fall (PF; 5-10 cm terminal shoot growth) to the whole canopy of the tree, or at 100, 125, $150mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ concentrations two times, at PF and then 4-8 weeks after PF. Pro-Ca treatment generally reduced mean shoot growth, with its effect being proportional to the application rate. Pro-Ca at $400mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ significantly reduced the shoot growth by 15-22% compared to the control, while its effect was not significantly different from Pro-Ca $200mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$. Pro-Ca treatments induced higher occurrence of secondary growth compared to the control. Pro-Ca treatment increased the photosynthetic rate by 5-10% relative to the control, and also increased soluble solid concentration and fruit red color. However, fruit weight was significantly reduced by $400mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ Pro-Ca, which was attributable to the greater secondary growth caused Pro-Ca $400mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ treatment compared to the control and Pro-Ca $200mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ treatment.

Distribution of Heterotropic Bacteria and Physico-Chemical Characteristics in the Chagwi-Do Coastal Waters, Jeju Island (제주 차귀도 연안해역의 종속영양세균 분포 및 이화학적 특성)

  • Moon, Young-Gun;Yeo, In-Kyu;Heo, Moon-Soo
    • Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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    • v.25 no.4
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    • pp.336-341
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    • 2007
  • To investigate the variations of physico-chemical factors and microbial population, in ten stations at water region of coastal area of Chagwi-Do, Nutritive salts, water temperature, transparency, suspended solid, salinity, COD, DO, pH, heterotrophic bacteria, were analysed three times in September, November in 2004 and February in 2005. Heterotrophic bacteria in surface water was $3.5\times10^1\sim1.16\times10^3\;cfu\;mL^{-1}$, $0.4\times10^1\sim5.6\times10^1\;cfu\;mL^{-1}$, $0.4\times10^1\sim7.8\times10^1$ and bottom water counted $4.5\times10^1\sim1.0\times10^3\;cfu\;mL^{-1}$, $1.2\times10^1\sim1.5\times10^2\;cfu\;mL^{-1}$, $0.4\times10^1\sim4.4\times10^1\;cfu\;mL^{-1}$ in September, November 2004 and February 2005, respectively. The dominant species isolated from the coastal area of Chagwi-Do were identified to be Vibrio spp., Pseudoalteromonas spp. Psuedomonas spp, Bacillus spp., Alteromonas spp., Aeromonas spp., Psychrobacter spp., and Flavobacterium spp.

Characteristics of Stormwater Runoff from Urban areas with Industrial Complex (산업단지의 도시 강우유출수 배출 특성)

  • Jung, Yong-Jun;Kim, Si-Won
    • Journal of Wetlands Research
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    • v.14 no.1
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    • pp.131-137
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    • 2012
  • This study was investigated to characterize the stormwater runoff pollutant materials from the urban area mixed with industrial area. Almost the similar rainfall pattern is shown during the 5 years, and the yearly precipitation was 5.2~6.6 mm. The first flushing effect during the early-stage rainfall-run off was observed in some events. EMC ranges are 19.3~39.9 mg/L for BOD, 45.2~190 mg/L for CODcr, 67.2~351 mg/L for TSS, 3.6~10.3 mg/L for TN, 1.2~2.5 mg/L for TP. Heavy metal are not detected except Zn which is observed at only one event. The particle size was distributed to 10 ${\mu}m$ at the 3% weight volume and the 50% cumulative weight percent was shown at 12 ${\mu}m$.

배양환경에 따른 Thraustochytrium aureum(ATCC34304)의 DHA(docosahexaenoic acid)생산과 성장특성

  • Park, Cheon-Ui;Jo, Dae-Won;Kim, Ho-Jung;Heo, Byeong-Gi
    • 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 2001.11a
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    • pp.434-437
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    • 2001
  • Shaking cultivation was carried out in 250 mL Erlenmeyel' flasks containing 60 mL of culture solution for 7 days. Artificial seawater was used as a basal culture medium. The cultivation was performed under the conditions that the temperature ranged from $4^{\circ}C$ to $32^{\circ}C$, the agitation speed 50 rpm to 200 rpm, and the sugar concentration 5 g/L to 35 g/L. The medium condition was cultured that sugar and nitrogen ratio 1.25 to 10. The biomass. the lipid content in biomass, and the DBA content of lipid were investigated according to the cultivation conditions. The lipid in biomass was distributed between 10 and 349'0, the DHA in lipid 34% to 43% of the lipid. and the biomass concentration 0.425 g/L to 4.50 g/L.

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