• Title/Summary/Keyword: L-Iysine

Search Result 28, Processing Time 0.03 seconds

Changes in Nutritional Components of Toha-jeot (Salt- Fermented Toha Shrimp) during Fermentation (토하젓의 숙성과정중 영양성분의 변화)

  • 박원기;박영희;박복희;김희경
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
    • /
    • v.25 no.4
    • /
    • pp.665-671
    • /
    • 1996
  • Changes in the nutritional components of Toha-jeot, salt-fermented Toha shrimp(Caridina denticulata denticulata $D_{E} H_{AAN}$), which was salted with 20%(w/w) sodium chloride and fermented during 60 days at $4\pm1^{\circ}C$ were investigated. The free amino acid contents in Toha-jeot, of which glutamic acid, leucine, Iysine, arginine, glycine and alanine occupy the majority, in order of abundance, increased gradually up to 50 days of fermentation. Most of the nucleotides were decomposed to hypoxanthine; thus ATP and ADP were not detected. Fermentation decreased inosine, IMP and unsaturated fatty acid contents and increased saturated fatty acid contents of Toha-jeot. Palmitic acid was the most abundant fatty acid, followed by palmitoleic acid, linoleic acid, EPA and stearic acid. Among the mineral constituents of Toha-jeot, Na and Ca were dominantly occupying. The Hunter "L" and "b" values of Toha-jeot increased during fermentation while "a" value remained unchanged.

  • PDF

Studios on the Food from Fresh Water Fish(II)-The Taste Compounds in Meat of Crucian Carp, Skate$\cdot$Fish, Snake Head and Loaches- (담수어(淡水魚)의 식품학적(食品學的) 연구(硏究)(II)-붕어, 메기, 가물치 및 미꾸리의 맛성분(成分)-)

  • Sung, Nak-Ju;Shim, Ki-Hwan
    • Journal of Nutrition and Health
    • /
    • v.14 no.2
    • /
    • pp.80-86
    • /
    • 1981
  • Crucian carp Carassius carassius L., Skate-fish Parasilurus asolus, snake head Ophicephalus argus and loaches Misgrunus anguillicaudatus have been esteemed as the tasty fresh water fish in Korea. However, a little has been studied on their taste compounds. Amino acids, nucleotides and their related compounds as the taste giving substance in the dorsal muscle of crucian carp, skate-fish, snake head and loaches were analyzed. Hypoxanthine (4.6-30.3 ${\mu}mole/g$, on dry base) was dominant among the nucleotide materials in the dorsal muscle of crucian carp, skate-fish, and snake head while IMP (12.8 ${\mu}mole/g$) was detected with the highest amount in loaches meat. IMP was also high in the muscle of skate-fish (13.5 ${\mu}mole/g$) and snake head (5.6 ${\mu}mole/g$). The other nucleotide materials, CMP, UMP, GMP, AMP, and inosine were present less than 2.0 ${\mu}mole/g$ in all the fish meat. The amino acid composition showed that glutamic acid and aspartic acid were the most abundant in the dorsal muscle of crucian carp, skate-fish, snake head and loaches. The analysis of free amino acids showed that histidine, lysine, glycine, and serine were the leading amino acids in the dorsal muscle of crucian carp, alanine, serine, and lysine were of skatefish, glycine, lysine, alanine, and serine were of snake head, while alanine, serine, and glycine were of loaches. Isoleucine and leucine were detected in trace amount in the muscle of skate-fish, snake head, and loaches. It is believed that alanine, Iysine, serine, glycine and histidine along with IMP and hypoxanthine may play an important role as the taste compounds in fresh water fish.

  • PDF

Production of Single-Cell Protein from Starchy Material by the Fusant (전분이용성 세포융합 효모를 이용한 단세포단백질 생산)

  • 정건섭;최신양;구영조;신동화
    • Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
    • /
    • v.16 no.2
    • /
    • pp.105-110
    • /
    • 1988
  • The production of single cell protein using the amylolytic fusant obtained from cell fusion between Hansenula anomala and Saccharomyces cerevisiae was studied. The fusant12 strain was selected for single cell protein production from starchy materials among five fusants. Optimum nitrogen source and its concentration for the growth of fusant12 were ammonium sulfate and 0.1%, respectively. Optimum concentration of soluble starch and optimum pH of the basal medium were lord and pH 5.6, respectively. Autolysis of fusant12 was effectively carried out by addition of 5% (v/v) ethyl acetate to the cell suspension and liquidization for 30 min before incubation for 24 hr at 3$0^{\circ}C$. Coculture of fusant12 and non-amylolytic yeast, Torulopsis candida YA-l5, resulted in the increase of the mass as compared to the monoculture of fusant12. The cell mass on tapioca medium was increased about 2.5 times as on soluble starch medium. The content of crude protein and nucleic acid of the dry cell were 39% and 5.8%, respectively.

  • PDF

Studies on Hydrothermal Extracts from Fish Head 1. Chemical Composition and Physical Properties of the extracts (어체두부열수추출물에 관한 연구 1. 추출물의 화학조성 및 물리적 특성)

  • CHOI Sang-Hyeon;PARK Seong-Min;SON Byung-Yil;CHOI Hyeon-Mee;LEE Keun-Tai
    • Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
    • /
    • v.32 no.5
    • /
    • pp.537-541
    • /
    • 1999
  • Fish heads of the main by-product is fishery processing were treated to extract nutrients by heating the fish heads with 1.5 or 3.0 times added water during 9, 12 or 15 hours. The yield, chemical compositions and physical properties of the hydrothermal extracts were studied. The yield was increased with the amount of water added and the extracting hours. The extract contained about $80\%$ protein in solid basis, but has no lipid. In essential amino acid, glutamic acid was most abundant and Iysine was abundant. In free amino acid, $\delta$-hydroxylysine and L-histidine in Cypyrinus carpio linnaeus had 5 times more than those in Onchorhynchus keta, The solution of the extracts was known as Newtonian fluid and the color of the extracts showed lower whiteness, higher redness and higher yellowness.

  • PDF

Effects of Dietary Supplementation of Lysine Cell Mass as a Fish Meal Replacer in Juvenile Nile Tilapia (치어기 틸라피아에 있어 사료내 어분 대체원으로서 라이신 부산물의 첨가효과)

  • 김강웅;이진영;배승철;이희석
    • Journal of Aquaculture
    • /
    • v.14 no.3
    • /
    • pp.197-203
    • /
    • 2001
  • To replace fish meal (FM) in the diet of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis nloticus, different levels of Iysine cell mass (LCM) were added to diet on protein equivalent base. fish averaging 3.0 g fed one of nine diets containing isonitrogenous and isocaloric basis of 35% crude protein and 15.3kJ available energy/g diet: $LCM_0, 100% FM: LCM_{10}, 90% FM+10% LCM, LCM_{20}, 80% FM+20% LCM; LCM_{30}, 70% FM+30% LCM; LCM_{40}, 60% FM+40% LCM; LCM_{30}l, 70% FM+30% LCM+lysine; LCM_{30}ln, 70% FM +30% LCM + lysine +NaOH; LCM_{40}lan, 60% FM+40% LCM+lysine+arginine; LCM_{40}/lan, 60% FM+40% LCM+lysine+arginine+NaOH.$. After 8 weeks of feeding trial, there were no significant differences in weight gain (WG) and specific growth rate (SGR) among fish fed LCM$_{0}$ (control diet), LCM_{10}, LCM_{30}, LCM_{40}, LCM_{30}l, LCM_{30}ln, LCA_{40}la and LCM_{40}lan diets (P>0.05)$, while fishes fed $LCM_{20} diet were significantly higher than those fed LCM_{0}, LCM_{30}, LCM_{40}, LCM_{40}la and LCM_{40$}lan diets (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in feed efficiency (FE) and protein efficiency ratio (PER) among fish fed control diet, $LCM_{10}, LCM_{20}, LCM_{30}ln, LCM_{ 40}la and LCM_{40}$lan diets (P>0.05), while fishes fed control diet were significantly higher than those fed $LCM_{30}, LCM_{40} and LCM_{40}l diets (P<0.05)$. Positive effects were not shown in WG and SGR with supplementation of amino acids (lysine & arginine) and neutralizatio, while FE and PER from fish fed $LCM_{40}la and LCM_{40}lan diets were significantly higher than those fed LCM_{30}, LCM_{40} and LCM_{30}$l diets (P<0.05). Hence, LCM can replace FM up to 40%, and dietary suppl-ementacon and neutralization of amino acids showed positive effects, when FE and PER were considered in juvenile tilapia diet.

  • PDF

The Chemical Composition of Barley and Wheat Varieties (용도가 다른 보리와 밀 3품종의 영양성분)

  • Choe, Jeong-Sook;Youn, Jee-Young
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
    • /
    • v.34 no.2
    • /
    • pp.223-229
    • /
    • 2005
  • The chemical components of barley (Jinmichapssal, Seodunchal, and Dusan No.8) and wheat (Alchanmil, Tapdongmil, and Olgeurumil) varieties were determined in terms of proximate compositions, minerals, fatty acids, amino acids and vitamin. There are significant differences in protein and lipid (p<0.00l, respectively), fiber (p<0.05) of barleys. There are significant differences in lipid contents (p<0.00l) of wheats. The major minerals of barley were Ca 24∼31 mg%, P 117∼129 mg%, Fe 1.7∼2.9 mg%, Na 13∼18 mg%, K 227∼73 mg%, Zn 1.1∼1.2 mg%, and Mg 38∼45 mg%. The content of Ca in Jinmichapssal was significantly higher than those in the other varieties (p<0.00l). The mineral contents of wheat were Ca 39∼67 mg%, P 172∼270 mg%, Fe 3.7∼5.6 mg%, Na 15∼17 mg%, K 537∼558 mg%, Zn 2.1∼2.3 mg% and Mg 106∼127 mg%. There are significant differences in Ca, P, Fe and Mg of 3 kinds of wheat. The barleys contain vitamin B$_1$ 0.27∼0.36 mg%, vitamin B$_2$ 0.07∼0.11 mg% and niacin 1.21∼1.44 mg%. The content of vitamin B$_1$ in Jinmichapssal and Seodunchal was significantly higher than that in Dusan No.8 (p<0.0l). The content of vitamin B$_2$ in Seodunchal (0.11 mg%) was significantly higher than those in the other varieties (p<0.0l). The content of niacin in barleys was no significant differences. The wheats contain vitamin B$_1$ 0.41∼0.52 mg%, vitamin B$_2$ 0.29∼0.39 mg% and niacin 1.86∼2.81 mg%. The contents of vitamin B$_2$ in Olgeurumil (0.39 mg%) and niacin in Tapdongmil (2.81 mg%) were considerably higher than those in the other varieties. The contents of vitamin B$_1$, B$_2$, niacin in wheats were higher than those of barleys. Major fatty acids in barley and wheat varieties were linoleic acid, palmitic acid and oleic acid, which comprised of about 90%∼92% of total fatty acid. The contents of lysine, valine, and tryptophan in Dusan No.8 were significantly higher than those in the other varieties. The contents of lysine, isoleucine in Tapdongmil were significantly lower than those in the other varieties. The content of amino acid in wheat was higher than those of barleys.

Changes of Components in Salt-Fermented Blenny, Enedrias nebulosus Sauce during Fermentation (베도라치액젓의 숙성 중 성분변화)

  • Lim Yeong Seon;You Byeong Jin;Lee Keun Woo;Kim Geon Bae;Lee In Soo;Cho Young Je
    • Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
    • /
    • v.35 no.3
    • /
    • pp.297-301
    • /
    • 2002
  • To investigate changes of components in salt-fermented blenny, Enedrias nebulosus sauce during fermentation, various chemical properties were examined at 2$\~$3 months intervals during 18 months of fermentation. The degree of hydrolysis increased sharply until 6 months of fermentation and showed the gentle increasement after that. On the other hand, the contents of total and amino nitrogen, total ATP related compounds increased gradually during 18 months of fermentation, The hypoxanthine and uric acid were the most abundant in ATP related compounds, ranging from $80.1\% to $90.5\%. After 18 months of fermentation, sauce was rich in free amino acids such as glutamic acid, alanine, lysine, valine, leucine in that order.

Characterization of the 5-methyltryptophan Resistant Mutant Lines Selected by Mutagenized Seeds in Rice (돌연변이 벼 종자로부터 선발된 5-methyltryptophan 저항성 계통의 특성)

  • 이효연;배창휴;임용표;박노동;조백호;이수인;최해춘;김호일
    • Korean Journal of Plant Tissue Culture
    • /
    • v.27 no.6
    • /
    • pp.453-459
    • /
    • 2000
  • Three rice (Oryza sativa L. var Dong-Jin) mutants (DTR1, DTR2, DTR3) resistant to S-methyltryptophan (5MT) were selected by mutagenized M3 seeds. The frequency of chlorophyll mutations induced by the EMS (0.2%) treatment performed 2 hours after flowering is clearly higher than that induced by other treatments in M1 generation. Progeny obtained from the self-pollinating of 5MT-resistant lines segregated with 3 : 1 of resistant to sensitive ratio. Furthermore, the ratio of homozygote to heterozygote in 5MT-resistant plants of the M4 generation was 1:2. These results show that 5MT resistance was inherited as a single dominant nuclear gene. The resistance was also expressed in callus derived from seeds. Total free amino acid content in homozygous seeds of DTR1 and DTR2 showed about 1.7 fold-increased compared to the wild-type seeds. In particular, the levels of phenylalanine and Iysine were, respectively, 6.2 and 3.2 times higher than those in the wild-type seeds. However, seeds of DTR3 had lower levels of free amino acid than the wild-type seeds. This result indicate that these mutants as a significant step towards the production of new rice with balanced amino acid content.

  • PDF