• KSBB Journal
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.201-206
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• 2007

농산 폐자원 및 견과류 껍질의 산 가수분해를 통하여 L-arabinose를 생산하기 위한 최적조건의 결정에 대한 연구를 수행하였다. 다양한 원료들을 분말로 제조하여 희석된 황산으로 가수분해 시킨 결과 corn fiber에서 arabinose가 가장 많이 생성되어, 이를 원료로 선정하였다. Corn fiber로부터 arabinose를 생성하기 위한 산 가수분해 반응의 최적조건은 0.4%의 황산으로 130$^{\circ}C$에서 60분간 처리하는 것이며, arabinose의 생성 수율은 기질의 농도가 낮을수록 증가하였으나 생성농도는 기질의 농도가 높을수록 증가하였다. 최종적으로 90 g/L의 corn fiber를 최적조건에서 산 가수분해 시킨 결과 20.1 g/L의 glucose, 10.1 g/L의 xylose, 7.8 g/L의 arabinose 및 1.8 g/L의 galactose가 생성되었다. 산 가수분해 용액을 암모니아수로 pH를 5.5로 조정하고 C. tropicalis를 접종하여 배양한 결과 7.6 g/L의 arabinose, 0.6 g/L의 xylose, 0.5 g/L의 xylitol 및 0.5 g/L의 galactose만이 존재하였다. 이는 효모의 배양에 의하여 당 혼합물로부터 L-arabinose의 비율을 증가시킬 수 있다는 것을 보여주었다. 막 여과에 의하여 고형물을 제거시킨 배양액에 activate carbon을 처리하여 organic contaminants와 색소를 제거하고 양이온과 음이온 교환 수지를 통과시켜 이온물질들을 제거시킨 후에 농축시켜 3.1 g의 L-arabinose의 분말을 얻었다.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.135-141
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• 2008

SMB 크로마토그래피를 위한 예비 실험으로서 L-ribose와 L-arabinose의 혼합물의 분리 특성을 $NH_2$ 컬럼을 사용하여 확인하였고 두 성분 분리 최적 조건으로 Acetonitrile과 증류수의 조성이 85/15 (v/v)에서 실험을 수행하였다. PIM(Pulse input method)과 Aspen chromatography 전산모사를 통해 L-ribose와 L-arabinose가 선형 흡착등온식을 따르는 것을 알 수 있었으며 각 성분의 Henry상수를 추산하였고 다음과 같다. $$C_{S,Ribose}=3.51{\cdot}C_{M.Ribose}$$ $$C_{S,Arabinose}=5.07{\cdot}C_{M.Arabinose}$$ 이를 바탕으로 SMB 크로마토그래피의 최적 운전조건을 수립하기 위하여 Triangle 이론에 의한 운전 조작변수를 추산함으로서 $m_2\;=\;3.51$, $m_3\;=\;5.07$일 때 즉, 삼각형에서 꼭지점의 조건에서 L-ribose와 L-arabinose의 순도가 각각 85, 80% 정도로 두 성분의 분리에 있어서 가장 효과적인 운전 조건임을 확인 할 수 있었다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.339-346
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• 2019

L-Arabinose, a five carbon sugar, has not been considered as an important bioresource because most studies have focused on D-xylose, another type of five-carbon sugar that is prevalent as a monomeric structure of hemicellulose. In fact, L-arabinose is also an important monomer of hemicellulose, but its content is much more significant in pectin (3-22%, g/g pectin), which is considered an alternative biomass due to its low lignin content and mass production as juice-processing waste. This review presents native and engineered microorganisms that can ferment L-arabinose. Saccharomyces cerevisiae is highlighted as the most preferred engineering host for expressing a heterologous arabinose pathway for producing ethanol. Because metabolic engineering efforts have been limited so far, with this review as momentum, more attention to research is needed on the fermentation of L-arabinose as well as the utilization of pectin-rich biomass.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.197-202
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• 1997

Effect of arabinose on xylitol production from xylose by Candida parapsilosis KFCC 10875 was investigated at the different concentrations of arabinose. When the arabinose was added in xylose medium, the cell growth increased and the final cell concentration was maximum at 10 g/l arabinose. The consumption rate of arabinose was greatly lower than those of xylose and arabinose. Above 10 g/l arabinose, it was not completely consumed and then remained in the medium during xylitol fermentation. Estimated cell mass obtained from arabinose increased with increasing consumed arabinose. As arabinose concentration was increased, xylitol production decreased but ethanol production increased. The inhibitory effect of ethanol, a major by-product, on xylitol production was also studied. As the ethanol concentration added increased, xylitol production decreased. When cells were inoculated in a xylose medium after removing ethanol, xylitol production was not inhibited. This results suggested that the inhibition of xylitol production resulted from ethanol which was formed by adding arabinose. It was also interesting that total products(xylitol and ethanol) yield was constant regardless of the arabinose concentration. This result suggested that the total amount of products such as xylitol and ethanol from xylose was constant regardless of the arabinose concentration and arabinose shifted the carbon flow from xylitol to ethanol.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생물공학회 2005년도 생물공학의 동향(XVI)
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• pp.317-321
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• 2005

L- arabinose residues are widely distributed in plant cell walls, where they are present in polymers such as arabinans, arabinoxylans, arabinogalactans and arabinogalactan proteins. L-arabinose suppress intestinal sucrase and decrease the adsorption of sugar in the small intestine, consequently, weight loss and fatness prevent. Now, xylose be used replacement sugar and arabinose be utilized fatness prevent of our time. Various Agricultural surplus like com fiber, contain $20\;{\sim}\;40%$ of hemicellulose. Corn fiber from Agricultural Renewable Biomass was chosen the best suitable material for arabinose production. In this work, we searched about for L-arabinose gene in compost, metagenome pool and indonesian soil. So, the B1029 TS2-8 of L-arabinase gene in compost was selected by YNB media(5% yeast nitrogen base, 5% arabinogalactan). After enzyme reaction with corn fiver, B1029 TS2-8 produced 2.15 g/L of L-arabonose.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제3권
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• pp.25-48
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• 1962

tragacanth gum의 화학구조(化學構造)를 구명(究明)하기 위(爲)하여 미국(美國) 약전(藥典)의 tragacanth gum 분말(粉末)을 가지고 다음의 실험(實驗)을 통(通)하여 이의 성분(成分)의 하나인 polysaccharide C를 분리(分離)하여 이의 화학구조(化學構造)를 밝혔다. (1) tragacanth gum을 85% 주정(酒精)으로 처리(處理)해서 중성다당류(中性多糖類)로 polysaccharide C를 분리(分離)하였으며 구성당(構成糖)으로 L-rhamnose, D-xylose, L-arabinose 및 D-galactose를 paper chromatography와 Cellulose column chromatography로 분리(分離), 동정(同定)하였다. 이의 molar ratio는 2:1:17:9이며 비선광도(比旋光度)는 $[{\alpha}]^{30}_D-72.2이다. (2) 구성당(構成糖)의 결합위치(結合位置)를 구명(究明)하기 위(爲)해 Hawarth 법(法)과 Purdietldir(試藥)을 가지고 methyl화(化)시켜 methyl화(化) polysaccharide C를 얻었으며 비선광도(比旋光度) $[{\alpha}]^{22}_D-102를 보였다. 이것을 가수분해(加水分解)시켜 paper chromatography와 column chromatography를 통(通)해 methyl화단당(化單糖)으로 1,3,5-tri-O-methyl-L-arabofuranose, 3,4-di-O-methyl-L-rhamnose, 2,3-di-O-methyl-D-xylose, 2,3,4-tri-O-methyl-D-galactopyranose, 2,4-di-O-methyl-L-arabopyronose, 2,4-di-O-methyl-D-galactose, 2-O-methyl-L-arabinose 및 L-arabinose를 분리(分離), 동정(同定)하였다. (3) 산(酸)의 각종농도(各種濃度)에 따른 부분적(部分的) 가수분해(加水分解)를 시켜 polysaccharide C의 end group, 측지(側枝) 또는 주쇄(主鎖)를 이루는 구성당(構成糖)을 밝히기 위(爲)하여 0.05 N-HCl로 제1차(第一次) 가수분해(加水分解). 0.1N-HCl로 제2차(第二次) 가수분해(加水分解), 0.3N-HCl로 제3차(第三次) 가수분해(加水分解)를 하여 가수분해물(加水分解物)과 비가수분해물(非加水分解物)에서 각각(各各) 다음과 같은 구성단당(構成單糖)을 검출(檢出)하고 이들의 molar ratio를 측정(測定)하였다. 제1차(第一次) 가수분해물(加水分解物)(A)에서 L-arbinose, 비가수분해물(非加水分解物)(A')에서 L-rhamnose, D-xylose, L-arabinose 및 D-galactose; 제2차(第二次) 가수분해물(加水分解物)(B)에서 L-arabinose와 D-galactose, 비가수분해물(非加水分解物)(B')에서 L-rhamnose, D-xylose, L-arabinose, 및 D-galactose; 제3차(第三次) 가수분해물(加水分解物)(C)에서 L-rhamnose, D-xylose, L-arabinose 및 D-galactose, 비가수분해물(非加水分解物)(C')에서 D-xylose와 D-galactose를 검출(檢出)하였다. (4) 구성당(構成糖)의 형태(形態)와 구조(構造)를 밝히기 위(爲)해 polysaccharide C에 대한 periodate산화(酸化) 실험(實驗)을 하여 $C_5H_8O_4$당(當) periodate의 소비(消費)와 formic acid의 생성량(生成量)을 측정(測定)하였는데 periodate의 소비량(消費量)은 1.23 mole, formic acid의 생성량(生成量)은 0.78 mole이다.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제35권5호
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• pp.757-763
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• 2003

L-Arabinose inhibits intestinal sucrase in an uncompetitive manner and, consequently, inhibits the absorption of sucrose from the small intestine. The addition of $3{\sim}5%$ L-arabinose to sucrose causes about a 60% reduction in the digestion of sucrose in the small intestine. In addition, it reduces the increase of the levels of blood sugar, insulin, triglycerides, and cholesterol caused by the ingestion of sucrose. The taste of L-arabinose is quite similar to that of sucrose, with approximately 50% the sweetness of sucrose. Naturally occurring arabinose is an L-form and a noncaloric sugar that is not metabolized in animals. L-Arabinose is a common component of plant cell walls and is widely distributed in the plant kingdom. It is the main component of cereal hemicellulose, such as corn, wheat, and rice, pectic substances of beet, apple pulps, and some plant gums. L-Arabinose can be produced by either the acid hydrolysis or the enzymatic hydrolysis of some plant gums, corn fiber, and beet pulps. This novel sugar has a potential to be used as a food additive for improving obesity and maintaining good health.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.31-36
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• 2008

The use of L-carbohydrates and their corresponding nucleosides in medicinal application has greatly increased. For example L-ribose has been much in demand as the starting material for curing hepatitis B. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was studied for the analysis of ribose and arabinose fractions from ion exchange chromatography (IEC). Dowex Monosphere 99 Ca/320 resin was packed in IEC to separate ribose and arabinose under various operating conditions. $NH_{2}$ and sugar HPLC columns were then used to analyze the fractions from the IEC column. Pulse input method (PIM) was also used to measure adsorption isotherms of ribose and arabinose in the Dowex column and HPLC columns. Experimental results and simulations by ASPEN chromatography were compared with fair agreement.

• 한국미생물생명공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국미생물생명공학회 2000년도 Proceedings of 2000 KSAM International Symposium and Spring Meeting
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• pp.68-75
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• 2000

D-Tagatose is a potential bulking agent in food as a non-calorific sweetener. To produce D-tagatose from cheaper resources, plasmids harboring the L-arabinose isomerase gene (araA) from Escherichia coli was constructed because L-arabinose isomerase was previously suggested as an enzyme that mediates the bioconversion of galactose to tagatose as well as that of arabinose to ribulose. In the cultures of recombinant E.coli with pTC101, which harboring araA of E.coli, tagatose was produced from galactose in 9.9 % yield. The enzyme extract of E.coli containing pTC101 also converted galactose into tagatose in 96.4 % yield. For the economic production of D-tagatose, an L-arabinose isomerase of E.coli was immobilized using covalent binding on agarose. While the free L-arabinose isomerase produced tagatose with the rate of 0.48 mg/U$.$day, the immobilized one stably converted galactose into average 7.5 g/l$.$day of tagatose during 7 days with higher productivity of 0.87 mg/U$.$day. In the scaled up immobilized enzyme system, 99.9 g/l of tagatose was produced from galactose with 20 % equilibrium in 48 hrs. The process was stably repeated additional 2 times with tagatose production of 104.1 and 103.5 g/l.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.312-316
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• 2004

Five strains, producing bacterial thermostable L-arabinose isomerase, were isolated from Korean soil samples obtained from compost under high temperature circumstances. Among these strains, the CBG-Al showed the highest L-arabinose isomerase activity at $60^\circ{C}$ and was selected as a D-tagatose producing strain from D-galactose. This strain was identified as Geobacillus thermodenitrificans based on the 16S rRNA analysis, and biological and biochemical characteristics. The isolated strain was aerobic, rod-shaped, Gram-positive, nonmotile, and an endospore-forming bacterium. No growth was detected in culture temperature below $40^\circ{C}$. The maximum growth temperature and maximum temperature of enzyme activity were $75^\circ{C}$ and $65^\circ{C}$, respectively. In metal ion effects, $Ca^{2+}$ was the most effective enzyme activator with the reaction rate by 150%. In a 5-1 jar fermentor with 3-1 MY medium, L-arabinose isomerase activity was growth-associated and pH decreased rapidly after the initial logarithmic phase.