• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.45-54
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• 1997

The correct estimation of the daily or hourly urban water demand is required for the efficient management and operation of the water supply facilities. The prediction of water supply demand are regression model and time series method, the optimum ARIMA (Auto Regressive Integrated Moving Average) model was sought for the daily urban water demand estimation in this paper. The data used for this study were obtained from the city of Kwangju Korea. The raw data used in this study were rearranged 15, 30, 60, 90 days for the purpose of analysis. The statistical analysis was applied to the data to obtain the ARIMA model. As a result, the parameters determining the ARIMA model was obtained. The accuracy of the model was 2% of water supply. The developed model was found to be useful for the practical operation and management of the water supply facilities.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.8
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• pp.5442-5451
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to examine the affection factors of quality of life in thyroid cancer patients after thyroidectomy. The subject of this study were 125 patients with thyroid cancer who were receiving operation and outpatient medical examination in general hospital in Gwangju city. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way ANOVA, Sheffe test, Pearson correlation analysis and stepwise multiple regression analysis using SPSS 21.0 program. The significant factors influencing quality of life were depression(${\beta}=-0.39$, p<.001), spiritual fatigue(${\beta}=-0.30$, p<.001) and physical fatigue(${\beta}=-0.24$, p<.001), which explained 57.2% of the quality of life. Therefore, it is necessary to develop nursing intervention program reducing fatigue and depression for thyroid cancer patients after thyroidectomy.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.607-623
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• 2000

Major trends of ozone concentration variations in Korea were investigated by using observation data from around 100 stations for the period of 1991∼1997. In addition, important regulating those variations were inferred. Three measures such as the number of days exceeding 80ppb, the 95th percentile of daily maxima, and the annual average concentration were used for the analysis of multi-scale ozone concentration variations. Three areas in the southwest (Sosan, Mokpo, and Cheju) of which monitoring has been operated since 1995 showed the highest annual average concentrations over; this was noted because of the high annual average in the Yosu area in the early 1990s. Large increases in annual average concentrations were observed along the relatively cleaner areas connecting Kangnung and Kwangju(northeast to southwest), in contrast to polluted areas connecting Seoul and Pusan(northeast to southeast). Both the number of exceedance days and the daily maximum concentration were nearly constant in the Greater Seoul Area in spite of interannual flucturations associated with year-to-year changes in air temperature. Within the Greater Seoul Area, all three measures usually showed the same trend; they decreased in the middle and west and increased in the east and northeast. All three measures including the number of exceedance days increased largely at Sillim where the average concentration was high but no exceedance days were recorded in the early 1999s, Nationwide ozone concentration variations appear to be determined by the competitive influence of long-range transport and local urban emissions, Within the city including the Greater Seoul Area, changes in emission which accompany changes in population and in the number if vehicles ( in the process of urban development) were found to be important components of ozone concentration variations.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.36 no.12
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• pp.105-114
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• 1998

The objectives of this study were to classify the contents of clothing image preferences, and to examine how clothing image preferences vary according to extroversion-introversion, gender, and age. Subjects for the study were 627 men and women ranging in ages from teens to forties in Kwangju City, Korea. The results of the study were as follows; 1) Four factors of clothing image preference derived by factor analysis : F. 1 'peculiar image' ; F. 2 'noble image' ; F. 3 'bright image' ; F. 4 'sprightly imagel'. 2) The interaction between extroversion-introversion groups and gender groups was significant for sprigtly images. The men of extroversion group tended to prefer gentle images, while the women of extroversion group preferred sprightly images. 3) The women liked sprightly images more than the men, the liked gentle images more. Women in their 20's liked sprightly image most, but as they grew older they tended to prefer gentle images. 4) The extroversion groups liked peculiar images more than the introversion groups. Teens liked peculiar image more than the others, subjects in their 30's and 40's preferred commonplace images. 5) The extroversion groups liked noble images more than the introversion groups. Women in their 30's and 40's liked popular images more than female subjects in their teens and twenties. Women in their teens and twenties liked popular images more than did the men in the same age group. 6) The extroversion groups liked bright images more than the introversion groups. Men in their teens and 20's liked bright images more than did men in their 30's and 40's. This finding suggests that women liked sprightly and noble clothing images, and men liked commonplace and gentle images. As they grew older, they tended to like commonplace, popular, and gentle clothing images. The extroversion groups liked peculiar, noble, and bright images more than did the introversion groups. The results of this study mean that personality traits such as extroversion-introversion are characteristics that affect clothing preferences, and it is possible to infer people's personality by their attire.

• 모자간호학회지
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.12-23
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• 1994

This study was done to determine the situations of stress incontinence(SI) and the differences in general characteristics, obstetrical history and SI related variables between women with stress incontinence and normal women. The design for study was a descriptive study. The number of subjects consisted of 156 women who were selected by systematic random sampling in Kwangju city. Data collection was done with the modified Hendrickson's Stress Incontinence Scale(1981) which was analyzed using frequency and percentiles. The results were as follows : 1. The stress incontinence (SI) rate of the sample was 64.1% and the majority of the women(40.9%) had experienced SI for a period of five years(the mean period was 2.7 years) without any treatment or care(83.0%). The amount of SI was from one drop(40.0%) to one teaspoon(16.7%) daily. 2. Items on the SI scale had the scores ranging from 4 to 44 with a mean score of 13.7 which showed mild SI. 3. The priority of provocative factors for SI were abdominal tightening(83%), coughing(58%), laughing(52%), sneezing(40%), steeping(18%), sudden standing(17%), nose blowing(13%), heavy exercise(11%), rapid walking up-stairs(10%) and excitment (9%) in that order. 4. There were no significant differences in age, education, spouse, job and income between the women with SI and the normal women. 5. There were no significant differences in the age at the last delivery, age of last baby. number of vaginal, or cesarean deliveries, or abdominal operations between the women with SI and the normal women. It can be concluded that SI in women has a high incidence nth various provocative factors but it is relatively mild SI on a daily basis and generally there has been no treatment. It is suggested that a descriptive study of emotional problems and precipitating variables in SI women will increase the knowledge of SI.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.147-156
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to identify the difference of vertical movement of mandible according to Angle's molar relationship and by skeletal factors affect to vertical movement of mandible. 172(age ranged from 20 to 30) subjects who go to college within territory of Kwangju city without any experience of temporomandibular disorder, extraction and orthodontic treatment. were selected for this study. The subjects were classified into class I(male:30, female:49), class II(male:18, female:24) and class III(male:18, female:33) according to Angle's molar relationship. The distance was measured between incisal edge of maxillary and mandibular central incisor and between bottom of central fossa of maxillary and mandibular 1st molar with ruler. The arch length and width were measured on the diagnostic cast. Cephalometrics were taken and then traced. Landmarks were identified and analyzed. 1. Maximal interincisal opening of male is larger than that of female in class I, class II and class III. Among each group maximal interincisal distance is the largest in class III. Maximal intermolar distance of male is superior to that of female in class I, class II, and class III, but there is no siginficant difference among them. 2. On maximal opening movement of Angle's classification class I and class II, total mandibular length, mandibular ramal length, madibular inferior border length and upper arch width were important variables and facial length, upper arch length and lower arch length had negative relationship to that. On maximal opening movement of Angle's class III, the upper arch length, the lower arch length and anterior facial length were important variables especially when compared with class I and II, and upper arch width had negative relationship. These results suggest that maximal opening movement is affected by facial morphology in all classes, but each group is affected by different facial skeletal variables. Accordingly, facioskeletal variables might be considered as diagnosis and treatment to improve the amount of mouth opening.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.25 no.3 s.39
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• pp.223-237
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• 1992

This study was to examine the association of the health-related behaviors and subjective symptoms with smoking. Data were collected by questionnaire survey during regular health examination from Mar. 23 to Mar. 31, 1992 for 1,615 male freshmen of a university in Kwangju City. The results obtained were as follows : 1. Among the freshmen, 26.9% reported that they were smokers. 69.4% for smokers started smoking for the recent 4 years, and 63.4% for smokers smoked 10 cigarettes or more a day. 2. Meal regularity, meat eating, use of coffee or tea and alcohol drinking were positively associated with the status, the duration and the amount of smoking while the vegetable preference was negatively associated with the status and the duration of smoking. 3. There was no evidence of familial aggregation in smoking status except that of siblings. 4. Respiratory symptoms like cough or phlegm, dyspnea were positively associated with the status, the duration, and the amount of smoking. General symptoms like chest pain, fatigue, back pain, facial edema, and weight loss were positively associated with the duration and the amount of smoking. Other symptoms like headache, dizziness, and myalgia were not associated with smoking. 5. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, cough or phlegm, dyspnea, chest pain, facial edema, and back pain were related to smoking status.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.263-269
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to determine the factors for professional consciousness of caregivers and provide basic data that could help develop a intervention to promote their professional consciousness. For this descriptive research, a survey was conducted to collect data from 110 caregivers in G City for six weeks in September 2019. Descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and multiple regression were used. They scored 3.41 for calling and 3.23 for Communication Competence and 4.12 for job satisfaction. Professional consciousness was positively correlated with job satisfaction (r=.636, p<.001) and calling (r=.356, p<.001) and Communication Competence (r=.378 p<.001). job satisfaction (B=.329, p<.001), followed by Communication Competence (B=.216, p<.001) and calling(B=.165, p=.002), had the strongest impact on professional consciousness, accounting for 57.5% in general. It is necessary to give job satisfaction reinforcement training constantly in long-term care givers. It is also necessary to conduct education and research that can promote professional consciousness.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.9
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• pp.6180-6189
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to clarify the factors that affects smartphone addiction of elementary school students. The subjects were 263 students, from 4 elementary schools located in G-city. Data were collected from July, 2014 and analyzed using SPSS 19.0 program. The prevalence of addiction risk group and non-addicted group were 16.0% and 84.0%, respectively. The variables which had statistically significant differences with smart phone addiction of general characteristics are grade, living together family, economic status, school record, motivation for usage, advantage of usage and using time (p<.05). There was pure correlation between the smartphone addiction and impulsivity (r=.496, p<.001), daily stress (r=.471, p<.001). However, perceived parental attitude (r=-.375, p<.001) and self-esteem (r=-.444, p<.001) were inverse correlation with smartphone addiction. Higher using time, higher impulsivity and higher daily stress were all associated with increased of smartphone addiction level. These results suggest that more attentions should be given to early adolescents and could be effectively used as fundamental data to develop intervention programs, which can prevent the smartphone addiction.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.147-156
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• 2010

Purpose: This study was to examine the relationship of knowledge, health beliefs, and prevention behaviors of osteoporotic fracture in outpatients with osteoporosis. Methods: The subjects were 120 outpatients receiving osteoporosis treatment on K hospital in G city from Dec. 2007 to Feb. 2008. Questionnaires were collected and analyzed using the SPSS/WIN 12.0 program for descriptive statistics, and t-test, ANOVA, and Pearson correlation coefficient. Results: Subjects were treated for fracture about 28 months. The mean score of knowledge, health belief and prevention behaviors in subjects were $17.5{\pm}3.22$, $2.8{\pm}0.23$ and $2.8{\pm}0.38$ respectively. The score of health belief recorded the lowest point. However, the score of knowledge varied with general and disease-related characteristics of subjects. In contrast, the score of prevention behaviors did not showed any significant differences. Fracture prevention behavior in subjects showed rather higher relationship with the health belief system than the knowledge of fracture prevention. Conclusion: The present work suggested that education program for prevention behaviors of fracture should be developed to focus on altering the health belief system rather than the knowledge of osteoporotic fracture prevention. Furthermore, individual education program based on living circumstances and daily life habits should be also developed.