• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.187-215
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• 2006

Objectives : To determine whether the pragmatic acupuncture treatment provides more effective pain relief than treatment using the same acupuncture point to the all patients. Methods : We randomly allocated participants to treatment group 1 and 2. The group 1 is the pragmatic treatment group and the group 2 is using the same acupuncture point to the all patients. Primary outcomes were measured by the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis index(WOMAC) pain and function scores at 4, 8, and 14 weeks. Secondary outcomes were measured by 100mm VAS(Visual Analog Scale), ROM(Range of Motion) using Goniometer, and pain threshold using pressure algometer. Results : When patients were extension of the knee, they were statistically significant in improvement of the ROM in 14 weeks. Whole body condition and pain rate through VAS measurement were improved significantly in 14 weeks. Also pain score and function score of WOMAC were improved significantly in 14 weeks. We could get difference in pain score of two acupuncture groups significantly in 14 weeks. But we could not get difference in whole score of two acupuncture groups significantly. Local temperature using T.C thermometer was changed significantly in 14 weeks. But we could not get difference in whole score of two acupuncture groups significantly. Excluding above item, DITI, pain threshold, and ROM of the knee flexion were no difference in before and after treatment.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.67-88
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• 2007

Objectives : To present proper protocol as global standard- clinical study about acupuncture treatment, and to demonstrate effectiveness of Sa-am Acupuncture treatment for obesity. Methods : We randomly allocated participants to treatment group 1 and 2. The group 1 is treated by real acupuncture and the group 2 is treated by Kim Sham Acupuncture. We treated Bi-jang seung-gyeok (脾臟勝格) ; Daedon(LR1), EunBaek(SP1) Gyoung-geo(LU8) Sang-gu(SP5), to both group. Primary outcomes were measured by the Body Composition Analysis(Inbody. Korea). Secondary outcomes were measured by Blood Cholesterol, Triglyceride, HDL, LDL Cholesterol. Results : After treatment, the group 1 shown significant weight loss that analysed by Kruskal-Wallis certification, but didn't show notable change in body fat, total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol. Group 2 didn't show significant change in body weight, body fat, triglyceride, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, but total cholesterol was notably decreased. Controled group was not changed in body weight, body fat. Aftter treatment, 3 groups didn't show significant change in body weight, body fat, triglyceride, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, total cholesterol.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2000.06b
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• pp.16-19
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• 2000

DC and low frequency noise characteristics of InGaP/InGaAs pseudomorphic HEMTs (p-HEMTs) grown by compound source MBE are investigated for temperature range of 150K to 370K. Equivalent input noise spectra( $S_{iv}$ ) were measured as a function of frequency and temperature. $S_{iv}$ was measured to be 3.4 $\times$ 10$^{-12}$ $V^2$/ Hz at 1kHz for 1.3 X 50${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$$^2$InGaP/InGaAs p-HEMT at room temperature. Measurements of the low-frequency noise spectra of the p-HEMT as a function of temperature show that the trap with an activation energy level around 0.589 eV is a dominant trap that accounts for the low-frequency noise behavior of the device. The normalized extrinsic gm frequency dispersion of the p-HEMT. was as low as 2.5％ at room temperature, indicating that the device has well-behaved low-frequency noise characteristics. Sub-micron (0.25 $\times$ 50${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$$^2$) gate p-HEMT showed $f_{T}$ and $f_{max}$ of 40GHz and 108GHz, respectively.y.y.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.18-26
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• 2001

Purpose : To evaluate the effects of electroacupuncture on regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) at acupoints suggested by oriental medicine to be related to the treatment of cerebrovascuiar diseases. Materials and Methods : Rest/electroaeupuncture-stimulation Tc-99m ECD brain SPECT using a same-dose subtraction method was performed on 5 normal male volunteers (age range from 27 to 30 years) using electroacupuncture at acupoint, ST 36. In the control study, needle location was chosen on a non-meridian focus 1cm posterior to the right fibular head. All images were spatially normalized and the differences between rest and acupuncture stimulation were statistically analyzed using SPM$^{(R)}$ for Windows$^{(R)}$. Results : Electroacupuncture applied at ST36 increased rCBF in the left hemisphere, that is, the left parietal lobe(angular gyrus), the left temporal lobe, the left inferior frontal lobe around rectus gyrus and the left cerebellar hemisphere, a part of the left inferior frontal lobe. In the control stimulation, no significant rCBF increase was observed. Conclusion : The results demonstrate that electroacupuncture increases rCBF in the contralateral cerebral hemisphere.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 1998.06a
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• pp.51-51
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• 1998

• Proceedings of the Korean Ceranic Society Conference
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• 2000.10a
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• pp.56.2-56
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• 2000

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2000.10a
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• pp.147.2-148
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• 2000

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.106-115
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• 2000

Objectives : This study was performed to evaluate the clinical results of the spodylolisthesis patients treated with oriental medical methods. Methods : We diagnosed spondylolisthesis by L-spine simple x-ray. 28 patients with spondylolisthesis were hospitalized at WonKwang University KwangJu Oriental Medical Hospital from April 1997 to January 2000 and treated by acupuncture, moxibustion, bed rest, herb-medicine and physical therapy. Results : 1. Distribution showed female predominence(82.1%) in general. 2. In the duration of symptoms, the largest group was the group of "acutest" (32.1%). 3. In the distribution of causes, the largest group was "overwork" (35.7%). 4. Isthmic type is the most common(75%) in etiology. 5. Isthmic type involved the 5th lumbar vertebra in 57.1% and degenerative type involved the 4th lumbar vertebra in 57.1%. 6. Most of cases were grade I(96.4%) in degree of slipping. 7. The common symptoms were radiating pain(92.9%) and low back pain(78.6%). 8. Therapeutic efforts above "good" by Kim's criteria was 20 cases(71.4%) Conclusions : The result of treatment by oriental medical methods is satisfactory for the treatment of spondylolisthsis.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.265-276
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• 2000

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to observe the clinical characteristics of 6 patients who were not improved after admitted conservative treatment in this 311 patients. Methods : We retrospectivety reviewed 311 patients of Herniated Lumbar Intervertebral Disc which undenvent admitted conservative treatment from November 1997 to June 2000. 311 patients were diagnosed by computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging in addition to physical examination. Other complications were not detected in 311 patients with Hemiated Lumbar Intervertebral Disc. In case that the scoliosis appeared to caused by severe pain, we included this scoliosis patient with the object of survey. Results : 1. In 6 patients who were not improved, 4 patients were large herniation and 2 patients were medium herniation. 2. In all of 6 patients, the angle of straight leg raising test was low and was not imporved unril discharge. 3. X-ray findings showed straightening in all of 6 patients, disc space narrowing in 3 of 6 patients. 4. X-ray findings showed scoliosis in 3 of 4 patients who were severe pain. 5. The onset was relarively long from 30 days to 7 years. 6. The age was relatively young from 10's to 30's. 7. The adimission date was ralatively long from 32 days to 105 days. Conclusions : In 6 patients, there were observed much volume of disc herniation, low angle of straight leg raising test, young people in an age group, straightening of x-ray finding.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.167-172
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• 2010

Objectives : This observation was to report the clinical effects of acupotomy in treating wrist ganglion. Methods : From 7th April, 2010 to 12th May, 2010, 1 female patient who had a wrist ganglion was treated with ultra sound-guided acupotomy therapy and self moxibustion & massage. Results : The patient's wrist ganglion was disappeared on the surface of the skin after just one time acupotomy therapy. Hypoechoic lesion was turned into hyperechoic lesion on a ultrasonographic. After 1 month, a wrist ganglion was recurred, but the size of wrist ganglion was reduced. Conclusions : Acuputomy therapy has an effect of reducing the wrist ganglion size, but patient self management is important in preventing recurrence. The ganglion not visible on the surface of the skin must be considered as a treatment target.