• Title/Summary/Keyword: Kum River estuary

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Studies on parasitic trematodes in bivalves -Variation of infection rate of Cercaria tapidis and Cercaria harengulae- (조개류에 기생하는 흡충류에 관한 연구 - Cercaria tapidis, Cercaria harengulae 의 기생율 변동)

  • Kim, Young-Gill;Lee, Keun-Kwang;Kim, Young-Jin
    • Journal of fish pathology
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    • v.8 no.1
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    • pp.23-30
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    • 1995
  • We had reported the infection rates of trematode larvae, Cercaria tapidis and C. harengulae in the gonad tissues of Tapes philippinarum and Solen strictus in the estuary of Kum river, the west coast in Korea in 1980~1982. At the same sites from January 1994 to January 1995, we investigated the variation of the infection rates of these trematode larvae in the two clams. The results are follows. The infection rate of C. tapidis parasitized in T. philippinarum increased in 2.4 times (14.0%) higher than that (5.7%) in 1981. Monthly maxium infection rate was 32.0% in October 1994. Comparing the rate (23.3%) in December 1981, the rate in 1994 showed a higher trend than that in 1981. The mean infection rate of C. harengulae in T. philippinarum showed 2.3% in 1994. Comparing that (5%) in 1980, it showed a decreased rate than that in 1980. And monthly maximum infection infection rate of this clam was 6.7% in May 1994, compared with the rate (19.0%) in March 1980. It appeared furthermore decreased rate in 1994. The mean infection rate of the year of C. harengulae in S. strictus was 6.9% in 1994, while it was 10.2% between 1981 and 1982. It showed a decreased trend in 1994. Monthly maximum infection rate was 23.4% in August 1981, while it was 13.3% in April 1994. It showed a decreased trend in 1994 also. In case of C. tapidis the more large sizes of shell length the more infection rates were higher as same in the investigation in 1980, while in C. harengulae the smaller sizes, the more infection rates showed a higher trend.

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Studies on the Life History of Bacciger harengulae (Bacciger harengulae의 생활사에 관한 연구)

  • KIM Young-Gill;CHUN Seh-Kyu
    • Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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    • v.17 no.5
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    • pp.449-470
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    • 1984
  • The cercaria of Bacciger herengulae which is parasitized on the gonad of Solen strictus was investigated in order to reveal its entire life history. The area covered for the study was in the vicinity sea of Naechodo, the estuary of the Kum river in the western coast of Korea during the period of 1980-1983. Morphology and development as well as infection rates of sporocyst and cercaria within Solen strictus were examined. For accomplishing the objectives of this study, an artificial infection experiment and some investigations on the second intermediate host, the final host and the growing stages were also studied in both laboratory and natural habitat of Solen strictus. According to the study, it was revealed that the first intermediate hosts were Meretrix lusoria, Solen strictus, Tapes japonica and Laternula limicola, the second intermediate host was Palaemon (Exopalaemon) carinicauda and the final hosts were Konosirus punctatus and Harengula zunasi. A mature sporocyst which was found in the gonad of Solen strictus was $4.0-4.3{\times}0.2-0.21\;mm$ insize, and the cercaia with 27 pairs of setae, each seta consisting of 6 tufts, was $270{\times}147{\mu}m$ in body size and $550{\times}52{\mu}m$ in tail size. Oral sucker($52{\times}42{\mu}m$), pharynx, vental sucker and two testese were obviously seen within the cercaria. The excretory vesicles of cercaria were in V-shape and the flame cell were formula was expressed as 2[(3+3)+(3+3)]=24. The infection of cercaria in the first intermediate host, Solen strictus, was found throughout the year regardlless of the water temperature, and its mean infection rate was $9.67\%$ during the study period. The infection rate fluctuated with temperature, the highest being $28.0\%\;at\;28.0^{\circ}C$ water temperature in July and the lowest $2.4\%\;at\;19.5^{\circ}C$ in October, and it increased in proportion to the shell length on the host. But cercaria was not detected at below 4.0 cm in size of the host. Mature cercariae were found 6 months from May to October when water temperature was above $19.5^{\circ}C$. On the other hand, when water temperature was below $19.5^{\circ}C$, only immature cercariae and sporocysts were found. The cercariae were active for 35 hours and survived for 71 hours at $20^{\circ}C$, and 29 and 34 hours at $25^{\circ}C$ respectively, whereas the cercariae were inactive at less than $20^{\circ}C$ in water temperature. Cercaria, from Solen strictus, approached shrimp of 1-3 cm in body length as its second host. Then, it began to intrude in to the muscle of shrimp after 2-3 hours. The infected cercaria formed cyst after 7-8 hours, and became mature metacercaria. $420{\times}310{\mu}m$ in size, 15 days afer infection. The infection rate of metaceria to shrimp in the laboratory was highest, at $25^{\circ}C$ being $61\%$ and at $20^{\circ}C\;17%$. The infection rate of metacearia in shrimp was highest in the first abdominal segment, followed by cephalothorax, the second, and fifth abdominal segments, and in that order. Also, the infection rate of metacercaria in wild shrimp was high $9.6-11.1\%$ at $26.5^{\circ}C$ in June, and low $1.56-2.5\%$ at $28-29.5^{\circ}C$ from July to August. The infected shrimp with metacercaria was experimentally fed to Konosirus punctatus in the laboratory in order to know its final host. The metacercaria developed into the adult worm, $440-520{\times}310-360{\mu}m$ in size, within the intestine of Konosirus punctatus 20 days after infection. The adult worm was oval shape and $20-24{\times}11-20{\mu}m$ in size. The infection rate of adult worm to Konosirus punctatus and Harengula zunasi ranged 87.3 to $100\%$, the mean being $95.2\%$, regardless of the body length of their hosts. The infection rate was $100\%$ in June and July, but it decreased in September and October. The size and body structure of the trematode observed during the present study were well agreed with those ievestigated by Yamaguti(1938), thus, it may be concluded that the adult worm it identified as Bacciger harengulae.

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