• 사회복지연구
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• 제48권3호
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• pp.117-143
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• 2017

본 연구는 다른 사람들과의 상호교류를 통해 획득되면서, 가족이나 타인과 함께 하는 경우에만 즐길 수 있는 재화인 관계재(relational goods) 개념에 주목하여 그것의 실태와 영향요인, 그리고 관계재의 격차를 심화시키는 요인을 분석하였다. 분석의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 하루 24시간 중에서 가족이나 타인과 함께하는, 관계재를 형성하는 시간은 평균 158분인 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 토빗모형을 통하여 관계재의 영향요인을 분석한 결과, 가구원 수가 많을수록, 그리고 자가를 소유하고 현재 고용 중에 있을 경우 관계재가 증가하는 반면, 여성이고 맞벌이이면서 배우자가 없고, 연령이 증가할수록, 그리고 임금노동시간이 증가할수록 관계재가 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 이 때 가구소득과 연령의 영향력은 관계재의 하위 구성에 따라 영향력의 방향이 상반되었는데, 연령이 증가할수록 가족관계재는 감소하지만, 타인관계재는 증가하였다. 또한 가구소득의 증가는 가족관계재를 감소시키는 반면, 타인관계재는 증가시키는 것으로 나타났다. 마지막으로 분위회귀분석을 통해 관계재 요인을 분해한 결과, 성별, 연령, 고용여부, 임금노동시간, 가구 규모, 혼인상태 등의 조건은 관계재 격차를 심화시키는 요인으로 분석되었다. 이러한 분석 결과를 토대로 본 연구에서는 의미 있는 사람들과의 관계재를 향유하는 방안으로서 장시간 노동문화와 노동환경의 개선을 제안하였다.

• 수산해양교육연구
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.229-248
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• 2002

The primary objective of this study is to firstly survey and analyze the working environment and actual condition, secondly know their problems, and then provide the basic data about how to improve their working conditions. The specific study items for getting the goal above is as follows: 1. How does the industrial company connect with highschool vocational education well? 2. How does the mechanical technical highschool graduate apply with industrial field? The result of study is as follows: 1. In case of employment's information and the industrial educationed cooperation, the workers who has the working history in less than 5 years takes short to find the job. National high school graduates and those who get the job through the school and the teacher changed their job at short period compared to other. 2. There was no benefit about the same major's worker at industrial field. The workers admitted that there is the exemption fo military service and the certification's allowance, only for which is related to their job. The longer the workers stay their job, the more they had the chance to get the exemption of military service. National highschool were carried out the curriculum well as planed especially for their major subjects. Whereas, the public and private highschools weren't. The seniors of their job and the coworkers are very helpful for learning the actual knowledge. The workers said that the school's curriculum and club activity weren't effective applying with their working field. 3. The study says that the important things of their job is the knowledge of their major. Those who 80% answered that the worker must improve the knowledge of their major to be a good engineer. Learning from their senior in working field was very helpful. The question above was ranked as the first. 4. The answer says that the new changed job's pay is more than the previous job. That is, the reason of leaving the job is the pay gap. The most dissatisfaction and problems in present job was the environment of working and the working condition. 5. Regarding to asking next year's plan, the answer says that keeping the job was ranked as the first. That answer means that they conservative.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.185-197
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• 2002

This study was conducted to analyze the factors affected morbidity for beauty artists of the limited range of motion about cerviacl, shoulder and wrist, from July 15 through August 30, 2000. Questionnaires were distributed to 373 beauty artists working in beauty shops of Taegu city. The factors included general characteristics, working conditions, life style and regular diagnosis of subject. The data collected were analyzed by SPSS program and the results of this study are summarized as follows; By the marital status, 224(86.5%) out of 259 unmarried beauty artists had the complaint of a neck(P〉0.05), and by the status of education, the complaint rate of a shoulder of beauty artists who graduated university(92.9%) is the highest(P〈0.01). In survey of complaint rates of symptom by the sleeping place, 324(86.7) out of 373 subjects had the pain in shoulder(P〈0.01), specially, beauty artists who are sleeping in bed complained the pain in shoulder more the others, in survey of complaint rates of symptom by sleeping pose, there was the significant different in neck(P〈0.01) and shoulder(P〈0.001). In survey of complaint rates of symptom by regular diagnosis, 61(85.9%) out of 71 beauty artists who took regular diagnosis and 263(87.4%) out of 302 beauty artists who didn't take regular diagnosis(P〈0.05). In conclusion, beauty artists who are on their feet for long time by official trait complaint the pain in neck and shoulder mainly. This result occurs from complex action of general characteristics and work condition and so on. In order to promote the health of beauty artists, there are needs for moderate exercise and regular diagnosis.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.281-291
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• 1996

458 female workers working in the small and medium scaled industries in Inchon area were surveyed to study their general characteristics, health behavior, working and environmental conditions, awareness of exposure at hazardous materials, current health status, and degree of working satisfaction. Self-administered questionnaire was distributed to the female workers with the explanation by trained interviewer on the purpose of survey and the method how to answer. The results were as follows : (1) 75.5% of the respondents are living with their families and others are living in domitary or rent house for herself. Age distribution ranges from teenagers to warren in their forties. In marital status 69.0% of workers are single and 31.0% of them have ever married. 69.4% of workers are high school graduate. The size of factory is 48.3% with less than 300 workers, 42.1% with 300~500 workers. (2) Most of the workers(86.7%) are full time workers, 52% of the respondents have working experiences in other factories. More than 65% have fewer than 5 years working experience. (3) The awareness of exposure at noise was 33% of respondents, it was significantly different by skilled status. The awareness of exposure at dust, other hazardous material was each 13.3%, 12.4% of respondents. (4) 26% of them are unsatisfied with their working cognitions and 43.7% of them are unsatisfied with their welfare in occupational system unsatisfactory rate of promotion is higher in the unmarried workers(45.6%), skilled workers(47.2%), full time workers(47.4%), long term workers(50%), and awareness group of exposure hazardous material(51.3%), compared to married women workers, unskilled workers, part-time workers, short term workers and unawareness group of exposure at hazardous materials. (5) The index of working satisfaction is rated on a scale of 1 to 10 with the higher point indicating higher satisfaction. Among the selected variables, marital status, working status, the awareness of exposure at hazardous materials, were statistically significant with the index of working satisfaction. (6) By multiple regression analysis showed that the determinant factors of index of working condition were health index, the awareness of exposure at dust, the awareness of exposure other hazardous materials, marital status and working period. In conclusion, there is a significant relationship between the awareness of exposure at hazardous material the index of working satisfaction. Therefore if the workers are less exposed to the hazardous material and are educated properly they will be more satisfied with their work thus improving their health and productivity. Finally, with the result of this study, there is a great need for the development of a health promotion program and a welfare policy for small-scale factories.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.536-546
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• 2014

Objectives: The major objective of this paper is compare the exposure work hours and experieence of ill health symptoms among under and over employment and matched group. Workers with over employment have more exposed to hazards than that with under employment because that workers with over employment work more than those with ender employment. Methods: This study as heuristics one used the third Korean Working Conditions Survey done by Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute in 2011. The sample size is 50,023 economic active persons. Over and under employment were measured by matching method of preferred and actual work hours. The exposed work hours to hazards were measured according to 13 hazardous factors and the experience of ill health symptoms were scaled by the number of experienced 14 ill health symptoms. To compare the exposure and the symptoms experience were compared by mean difference test with F test. Results: The proportion of over employment in male employees is 32.1% and that in female employees is 29.3% and under employment rate is 11.2% in mae and 13.9% in female employees. There is significant difference of the rate of over and under emplyment among age groups, industrial sectors, occupational groups and the state of employment. The difference of the exposed work hours to hazards among under, over and matched group were statistically significant in all hazards by gender. The exposed work hours to hazards in over employment were more than those in under employment. The number of experienced symptoms in over employment is statistically significantly more than that in under employment. Conclusions: Workers with over employment may be vulnerable group in the criteria of hazard exposure and health status. The results have some implications and limitations because that this study is heuristic one. The mismatch of preferred and actual working hours may be unfavorable work condition that has impact on safety and health of workers. The impact mechanism may be investigated as future study, Because that this study used cross sectional survey data, some causal relationships cannot be evaluated.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.379-389
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• 2012

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to improve the practice level on dental hygienists'infection prevention by examining the actual condition of dental hygienists'infection control and analyzing factors of having influence upon this. Methods : A questionnaire survey was carried out from July 18, 2011 to August 26 targeting dental hygienists who work at medical institutions where are located in Daegu, Busan and Ulsan Metropolitan Cities and Gyeongsangnam buk-do. After then, the following conclusions were obtained. Results : 1. As a result of surveying practice by item in the practice level of infection prevention, the items with high practice level in the management of infectious diseases were surveyed to be 12 months(89.6%) for health-checkup cycle and to be having experience of vaccination(78.0%) for hepatitis type B. The items with high practice level in the management and practice of washing hands were indicated to be in order of regularly paper towel(87.7%) and hands cleaning after regular medical examination(80.5%). In the item of the practice on wearing and managing individual protection equipment, regularly wearing(93.1%) rubber globes given washing implements was indicated to be high. 2. As a result of analyzing working career, working institution, working region, and practice level of infectious-disease management, the appearance of fulfilling infection control guidelines at medical institution and the experience of education for infection control were indicated to have difference depending on working institution. Regularly health checkup was indicated to have difference depending on respondents' working career and working institution. 3. The whole average in the practice level of infection prevention according to working career, working institution, and working region was indicated to be 2.55 out of 3-point perfection. 4. Wearing latex gloves was indicated to have statistically significant difference depending on working institution(p<0.001) and working region(p<0.001). The exchange of latex gloves every patient and the use of paper apron had statistically significant difference depending on working region(p<0.001). 5. As a result of comparing the frequency of using protection equipment for preventing infection according to the management of infectious diseases, the statistically significant difference was shown depending on the appearance of infection control guidelines at medical institution(p<0.001), the appearance of having experience of health checkup(p<0.01), and the appearance of having experience of vaccination for hepatitis type B(p<0.05). Conclusions : The above-mentioned findings showed that the denture satisfaction of the denture-wearing senior citizens was linked to their subjective oral health awareness. Therefore it will be possible to improve denture-wearing elderly people's quality of life when oral health plans geared toward boosting their denture satisfaction are carried out.

• 지질공학
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.265-273
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• 2006

터널 시공 시에 관찰되는 막장의 상태는 굴착예정 막장의 지질상태를 가장 잘 표현하며, 지보패턴의 결정에 큰 영향을 미치므로 막장지질조사는 매우 중요하다. 따라서 막장지질조사를 통해서 단순히 암반평가만을 수행하는 것이 아니라 터널 시공 중에 영향을 미칠 수 있는 모든 지질요소 등을 관찰하여 다음 시공 막장의 지반상태를 예측하여야 한다. 그러나 현재 막장지질조사 시 기술 및 경험, 시간적인 제약 등으로 인한 한계로 조사결과를 시공에 충분히 반영하지 못하는 것이 현실이다. 본 연구에서는 기 시공된 국내 터널의 막장관찰기록지의 기록상황을 집계하여 막장지질조사의 문제점을 분석하고 그 개선 방안을 제시하였다

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.93-105
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• 1999

Recently, Korean health care industry managers are paying more attention to customer oriented service, the rationalization of business administration, and quality control of service to adjust their business to outer environment since IMF bailout program. They are focusing on the cost reduction through remodeling the size and structure of man power, viz. labor flexibility. Nurses are not free from this juncture and contingent nurses are increasing fast. This article intends to verify the actual condition of two types of contingent nurses -part-time nurses and internship nurses-and to compare their job satisfaction to provide basic resource for efficient management of nurse man power. The concrete goals of this article are; Firstly, to verify the actual condition of their employment. Secondly, to compare their job satisfaction. And Thirdly, to the relation between employment condition and job satisfaction. To accomplish these research goals, a statistical survey was executed, in which 384 questionnaires - 66 for manager nurses, 318 for contingent nurses-were given to nurses working at 66 general hospitals-which have at least 100 beds-in Seoul. Among them, 121 questionnaires-of 28 general hospitals-were returned. Then, the data coded and submitted to mean, standard deviation, T-test, variance analysis (ANOVA), correlation analysis, multiple regression analysis with SAS program. The research results of the contingent nurses are followings: 1. Two types of contingent nurses shows similar age spans: they are mostly 21 - 30 years old and unmarried. But internship nurses have high level of educational career. Part - time nurses spread at general beds, out -patient part, intensive care part, operation part, etc, but internship nurses work mostly at general beds. 2. Two groups shows difference in actual employment condition: average employment career of part -time nurses is 7.0 months but internship nurses' is 2.0 months: average duty-on days per month of part - time nurses are 23.7 days but internship nurses' are 24.8 days. But there are little difference in average working time per day: 7.7 hours for part -time nurses and 0 hours for internship nurses. 3. The average wage per month for part -time nurses is 836,026 won but for internship nurses is 557,428 won-66.7% of part-time nurses'. Both groups are enjoying little additional pay. 4. Both groups are getting job not so much through advertisement of newspaper or hospitals as through acquainted person or college. 5. Both groups show very high level of job satisfaction: 3.2195 for part -time nurses and 3.2881 for internship nurses. But they show very low satisfaction on payment level compared with other categories and two groups show meaningful difference(P<.0001). 6. The multiple regression test reveals the factors related with job satisfaction: wage level, working part(OR or ICU), age, job career, and motive of contingent job-taking('because I can take care of family duties at the same time') influence positively: motive of contingent job-taking('because I can work regularly without alternation') influences negatively.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.199-210
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• 1994

My purpose in the paper is to research on what is the most productive education method for the Students for Future Dietitian(SFD) to be applied during there field training & practice. Furthermore it is an attempt to elucidate what is the most necessary education program for the field training & practice for SFDs. Five questionnaires were given to SFDs dealing with nutrition purchase hygienic facilities and official management in order to check and evaluate the current situation and problems on the education of field training & practice for SFDs Also I chose 140 SFD's who had been working in the field for at least one week or one month in 1992 and statistical processing were utilized and analyzed by SAS package. One of the most notable problems SDFs faced with during meal planning it is the fact that they had been educated and requested for the cut of food expenditure rather than the supply of scientifically balanced-nutrition meals for working people, SFDs also faced with of information on the quantity and facilities management from the dietitian in the company. my research revealed that dietitian's teaching method for SFDs still remains in a very primitive way and accordingly the efficient way to solve these problems shall be established by a computerized education program through which dietitians can provide well-balanced meals for working people when they are assigned to the company. In this regard we must consider that we have to enact certain law to be applied to a dietitian. In another words we should emphasize actual experiences of SFDs' knowledge accumulated through the field training & practice before they work at the company. Consequently it is a time to reconsider the importance of well-balance dietitian program offering an opportunity for SFD which can contribute to improvement of health's condition for the working people.

• Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine
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• 제35권
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• pp.28.1-28.12
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• 2023

Background: Owing to the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, being exposed to work from home and work during nonwork time simultaneously can lead to sleep disturbance; however, their combined effect is unclear. We aimed to investigate the combined effect of work from home and work during nonwork time on sleep disturbance. Methods: This study used data from the Sixth Korean Working Condition Survey and included 27,473 paid workers. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to investigate the relationship between work from home, work during nonwork time, and sleep disturbance according to sex. We re-classified participants into 4 groups based on their working from home (No/Yes) and working during nonwork time (No/Yes). The relative excess risk due to interaction was calculated to examine the effect of exposure to both telecommuting and non-regular work hours on sleep disturbance. Results: Workers exposed to work from home and work during nonwork time had significantly higher risks of sleep disturbance for all, men, and women workers (OR [95% CI]: 1.71 [1.46-2.02], 1.79 [1.43-2.23], and 1.64 [1.29-2.08] for work from home and 3.04 [2.70-3.42], 3.61 [3.09-4.22], and 2.41 [2.01-2.90] for work during nonwork time, respectively). Compared to those who were not exposed to both factors, when workers had both job factors, the ORs (95% CI) of sleep disturbance for all, men, and women were 3.93 (2.80-5.53), 5.08 (3.21-8.03), and 2.91 (1.74-4.87), respectively. The relative excess risk due to interaction of work from home and work during nonwork time was not significant for sleep disturbance. Conclusions: Work from home and work during nonwork time were each associated with sleep disturbance, but the interaction between the two factors on sleep disturbance was not observed in both men and women.