• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.15 no.8
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• pp.13-21
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• 2014

The Plastic Board Drain is used to improve soft soils deposited in container terminal area at a port. This paper describes settlement behavior of soft ground in this area from PBD installation to the time of operating facilities. Previous researches focused on soil improvement effect of PBD, that is, the settlement occurred during ground improvement period. The residual settlement occurred during operating the facility is very important from the maintenance and management point of view. However, the study of this residual settlement has been rarely conducted. In this study, by analyzing the measured settlement data obtained from the container terminal area at the port, it was verified that the residual settlement induced during operating facilities occurred in a layer with PBD improvement. In addition, by comparison the settlement predicted by a numerical analysis with the settlement measured in the field, it was confirmed that the actual settlement is in the range of predicted settlement.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.54 no.5
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• pp.123-128
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• 2012

For optimal reservoir operation and management, there are essential elements including water supply in agricultural reservoir and demand in irrigation district. To estimate agricultural water demand and supply, many factors such as weather, crops, soil, growing conditions cultivation method and the watershed/irrigation area should be considered, however, there are occurred water supply impossible duration under the influence of the variability and uncertainty of meteorological and hydrological phenomenon. Focusing on agricultural reservoir, amount and tendency of agricultural water supply and demand shows seasonally/regionally different patterns. Through the analysis of deviation and changes in the timing of the two elements, duration in excess of water supply can be identified quantitatively. Here, we introduce an approach to assessment of irrigation vulnerable duration for effective management of agricultural reservoir using time dependent change analysis of residual water supply and irrigation water requirements. Irrigation vulnerable duration has been determined through the comparison of water supply in agricultural reservoir and demand in irrigation district based on the water budget analysis, therefore can be used as an improved and basis data for the effective and intensive water management.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 2008.10a
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• pp.1512-1517
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• 2008

Laboratory column tests were conducted in this study using $Cl^-$ tracers on Jumunjin sand to analyze contaminant transport in mixed contaminated soils. Results obtained from clean soils and soils containing residual diesel verified heterogeneous distribution of residual diesel, and clear acceleration of solute movement. In addition, asymmetric breakthrough curves indicated development of immobile region where solute movement becomes stagnant and creates tailing phenomenon.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.587-601
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• 1997

This study had three purposes: (1) to investigate the enrichment levels and dispersion patterns of potentially toxic elements in the rock-soil-plant system; (2) to evaluate the uptake ratios of heavy metals from soils into plants and (3) to assess the chemical speciation of heavy metals in soils. Rock, surface soil and plant samples were collected in the Boeun area underlain by black shales of the Okchon Zone. These samples were analyzed for multi-elements using INAA, ICP-AES and AAS. The maximum abundance of U in black shales is 16 mg/kg and radioactivity counts up to 300 cpm. In particular, Mo, V, Ba, Cd, Pb and U are enriched in black shales. Most of soils derived from black shales show high concentrations of U, As, Mo, Ba, Cu, Cd, Pb, Zn and mean concentrations of As and Mo in soils (20 mg/kg of As and 6.6 mg/kg of Mo) are higher than the permissible level suggested by Kloke (1979). Enrichment index values of soils are calculated and higher than 1.0 in the black shale area with the highest value of 6.4. Mean concentration of Cd in plants is higher than those of Cu, Pb and Zn. The concentration of Cd in plant species decreases in the order of Chinese cabbage > red pepper > soybean=sesame > rice stalk > com > rice grain. The biological absorption coefficients (BAC) in plants are in the order of Cd > Zn=Cu > Pb, which suggests that Cd is more bioavailable to plants than Cu, Pb and Zn. From the results of sequential extraction analysis of soils, relatively high proportion of Cu, Pb and Zn are present as residual fractions whereas that of Cd as non-residual fractions. Cadmuim occurs predominantly as exchangeable/water-acid soluble phase in soils, and Cd is more mobile and bioavailable than Cu, Pb and Zn.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.163-167
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• 2006

To obtain the safety evaluation of the ginseng, residues of heavy metals in culture environment of ginseng on Punggi and Sangju, Kyeongbuk are surveyed. The concentration for component of ginseng on Punggi and Sangju were 14.12mg/kg and 15.74mg/kg, respectively. The concentration for general component such as crude fiber, ash, crude lipid, crude protein, carbohydrate, of ginseng were coincided between Punggi and Sangju. The concentration for As, Pb, Cd, and Hg in soil on Punggi were 14.24 ppb, 43.13 ppb, 8.73 ppb and 0.82 ppb, respectively. The concentration for As, Pb, Cd, and Hg in soil on Sangju were 19.20 ppb, 54.82 ppb, 15.90 ppb and 1.04, respectively. Residual heavy metals are not polluted in the soil with culture ginseng on Punggi and Sangju. The concentration for As, Pb, Cd, and Hg with ginseng on Punggi were 29.30ppb, 21.78 ppb, 1.32 ppb and 2.72 ppb, respectively. The concentration for As, Pb, Cd, and Hg with ginseng on Sangju were 3.22 ppb, 24.43 ppb, 1.44 ppb and 4.74 ppb, respectively. Also the detection concentration for As, Pb, Cd, and Hg in ginseng were also lower than the Korea Food & Drug Administration advisory level for heavy metal in herbal medicines. Residual heavy metals are not polluted in the ginseng on Punggi and Sangju at Kyeongbuk, Korea.

• Resources Recycling
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.3-8
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• 1999

An air-washer was developed in order to remove the soil on the films collected from agricultural use, The washed films were subjected to TGA analysis to measure the residual soil content and DSC analysis to evaluate composition as well as compositional ratro, Mechanical properties of washed films were measured via tensile test ,md the properties of washed films were compared with those of neat resin blend. Major component of air washed films was polyethylene, and compositional ratio was 10:6:3:1 (HDPE:LLDPE:LDPE:EVA). 30 min air-washed films showed 2.1 % of residual soil content, while the water washed films had 1.5%. Tensile properties of washed (air and water) films were almost same as those of neat resin mixture.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.32 no.3C
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• pp.113-120
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• 2012

An actual slope failure was analyzed in residual soils at Jinju. Due to rainfall infiltration, the safety factor decreases in the unsaturated layers, since the effective stress and shear strength decrease. In this study, the effective stress is based on suction stress using soil water retention curve. Unsaturated properties were evaluated on soil water retention curve, hydraulic conductivity and shear strength with samples from the site. After infiltration analysis of unsaturated flow under the actual rainfall, the distribution of pore water pressure could be calculated in the slope layers. In the stress field of finite elements, an elastic analysis calculated total stress distribution in the layers and also shear stresses on the slip surface using elastic model. On the slip surface, suction stress and effective stress evaluated the shear strength. As a result, the factor of safety was calculated due to rainfall, which could simulate the actual slope failure. In particular, it was found that the suction stress increases and both the effective stress and the shear strength decrease simultaneously on the slip surface.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.204-207
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• 1990

This study was conducted to evaluate the potassium availability of soybean grown on potted soil amended with 20% by weight of fly ash for two years of which the second year was done on its residual effect. Soybean growth was normal with incorporation of 20% fly ash. The increase in yield was accompanied by an increase in the potassium contents of plant and soil.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Soil and Groundwater Environment Conference
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• 2001.09a
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• pp.191-194
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• 2001

The electrokinetic apparatus for remediation of the soil contaminated with Cs$^{+}$was designed. After kaolin clay was compulsorily contaminated by Cs$^{+}$ solution, the remediation characteristics by electrokinetic method were analyzed. After remediation experiment, the pH of the cathode side of the soil column was increased to 12.7 due to the generation of OH in cathode reservoir, but no hydroxide cesium form in the cathode side. Effluent rate from the cathode almost was constant and cesium concentration of effluent decreased with time passage. The 49% of a total of Cs$^{+}$ in the column was decontaminated for 0.4 day, the 72% of a total of Cs$^{+}$ in the column was decontaminated for 0.8 day, the 83% of a total of Cs$^{+}$ in the column was decontaminated for 1.2 days, the 89% of a total of Cs$^{+}$ in the column was decontaminated for 1.6 days, and the 93% of a total of Cs$^{+}$ in the column was decontaminated for 2.1 day Meanwhile, the predicted values of residual concentration by the developed model were quite similar to those obtained from experiments.m experiments.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Soil and Groundwater Environment Conference
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• 2005.04a
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• pp.363-370
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• 2005

There are approximately 2,000 metallic mines which have been abandoned in Korea. Most of the mines are located in the watershed area, which is main source of drinking water for Seoul Metropolitan area. Untreated mining wastes are remained around abandoned mines in study area. These mining wastes, flowing into farmland and stream in the downstream of abandoned mines, would cause water and soil pollution. The mining waste samples from Guedo mine, Manjung mine and Joil mine recently abandoned were collected for the evaluation of the potential of water pollution by mine waste. Index of geoaccumulation($M\"{u}ller$, 1979), fractional composition and removal efficiency of some heavy metals by different concentration of HCl treatment were analyzed. Index of geoaccumulation of Cd, Pb, Zn, Cu, Ni and Cr are 6, $4{\sim}6,\;0{\sim}6,\;4{\sim}5$, 2 and 0 respectively. Index of geoaccumulation of Cd, Pb, Zn and Cu reveals the mining wastes has high pollution pottential in the area. Organic fraction of Cu, reducible fraction of Pb, residual fraction of Ni and Zn were the most abundant fraction of heavy metals in mining wastes.