Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
/
v.8
no.1
/
pp.15-19
/
1981
As a pilot survey of Water Fluoridation in Chungju, Fluoride content in the water of that city was examined, and 1563 K primary school children aged from 7 to 13 were surveyed on their oral hygiene status. The results were as followings: 1. Fluoride content...0.1 ppm. 2. dmf rate...80.04 % DMF rate...45.17 % 3. dmf t rate/index...28.29 % / 2.18 dmf s rate/index...14.14 % / 5.44 4. DMF T rate/index...6.62 % / 1.07 DMF S rate/index...1.87 % / 1.51.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the visual acuity and the degree of vision-related knowledge and behaviors of the 1st and 2nd graders of primary school and their parents in a city. The research design was a descriptive study and the subjects were 579 pupils and their parents in Namwon City, Chonbuk province. Children's vision screening was conducted with Han's test by author, school nurse according to the guidelines. The data were analyzed by frequency, percentage, mean, S.D., t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient, $x^2$-test with SAS program. Subnormal visual acuity group (SVAG) in children was 17.3%, and was higher in girls and in the 2nd graders, but there were no significant differences statistically. The mean score of the vision-related knowledge in children was 6.8 points out of 10 points and that of vision-related behaviors was 23.5 points out of 33 points. The mean scores of the vision-related knowledge were significantly higher in 2nd graders (p= .02), in girls (p= .02) and SVAG (p= .01) and the group of high scores in vision-related knowledge presented significantly high scores in vision-related behaviors (p= .001). The mean score of the vision-related knowledge in parents was 6.4 points out of 10 points and that of vision-related behaviors was 28.4 points out of 33 points. The group with high scores of vision-related knowledge in parents presented significantly high scores in vision-related behaviors (p= .003). As SVAG were higher in 2nd graders and the group of high scores of vision-related knowledge showed also high scores in vision-related behaviors in both children and their parents, From the above results, the author suggests a school-based visual health program for them.
Obesity during childhood is a dominant risk factor for noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), and is itself considered a disease that needs to be treated. Recently, the growth in childhood obesity in Korea has become stagnant; however, two in every ten children are still overweight. In addition, 60% or more of overweight children have at least one metabolic syndrome risk factor. Thus, childhood obesity should be controlled through lifestyle modification. This paper reviews studies of the modifiable risk factors of obesity in Korean children. According to the life-course approach, preschool-aged children (<5 years) are influenced by their parents rather than individual habits because they are under mostly parental care. Elementary school-aged children (6 to 11 years) are affected by overlapping individual and parental effects. This may mean that the establishment of individual behavior patterns begins during this period. The conditions of poor eating habits such as skipping meals, eating out, and high fat intake, along with low physical activity, facilitate increased obesity among adolescents (12 to 18 years). Notably, adolescent girls show high rates of both underweight and obesity, which may lead to the development of NCDs in their offspring. Therefore, the problem of NCDs is no longer limited to adults, but is also prevalent among children. In addition, early intervention offers cost-effective opportunities for preventing NCDs. Thus, children need primary consideration, adequate monitoring, diagnosis, and treatment to reduce the burden of NCDs later in adulthood.
Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
/
v.37
no.2
/
pp.179-185
/
2010
Molar Incisor Hypomineralization(MIH) have recently gained intensive research interests and various clinical trials. Most prevalence, etiology, treatment studies in MIH were carried out in the European countries, and data from the Korean were seldom. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of MIH and the status of dental caries and treatment on the first permanent molars in primary school children. For this study, 1,344 primary school students in Busan and Ulsan cities were examined directly the permanent incisors and first molars. The results of the survey were as follows: 81 MIH cases were identified among 1,344 cases. The prevalence of MIH in this group of children was 6.0%. Children with MIH showed a significantly higher DMFT value for permanent teeth than children without MIH. The mean number of decayed, missed, and filled in 1st permanent molars(DMFT index) was 1.17. The rate of children with restoration on 1st permanent molar was 13.6% and the sequence of restoration materials was as follows : composite resin, amalgam, gold inlay.
The survey was carried out on 1,031 primary school children for about 1 month, from June 1, to June 30, 1974, for the purose of understanding indirectly scio-medical status of a remote rural area, reflecting health status of primary school children. The summarized results were as follows: 1) The average age of surveyed children according to school year by sex was older in girls than in boys. The entrance in school at suitable age was peaked as 80.9% in boys of 5th school year and 72.4% in girls of 3rd school year, and also sunk 68.8% in boys of 2nd school year and 58.7% in girls of 1st school year. 2) Prevalence rate according to W.H.O. diseases classification during last a month and a year. a) During last month: The diseases of respiratory system remarked the highest 101.1 in boys and 116.6 in girls. The next were diseases of digestive system (24.2 in boys and 32.1 in girls), The girls were higher than boys in prevalence rate. b) During last year: The diseases of diegestive system ranked the highest 133.0 in boys and next, the diseases of respiratory system (108.6 in boys). c) Present illness: Number of code III ranked the highest 129.2 and next XII(127.3) in boys but inverted in girls such as XII(144.9) and III(116.7) and also, Number of code XVII was prevalenced twice in boys than in girls. d) Chief complaints by sex: Abdominal pain ranked the highest 71.2 per 1,000 population and next headache (34.7) in boys but headache ranked the heighest 88.5 and next abdominal pain (63.3) in girls. e) Water drinking habit: Number of code IX was higher in habit of raw water drinker than in habit of boiled water drinker and healthy children were higher in boiled water habit group than in raw water habit group. The diseases of respiratory system were the highest 124.74 in girls and next, the diseases of digestive system (52.3 in girls). According to school year, healthy children were increased to higher grades. 3) Average sick day per total surveyed children and patient during last month and last year. a) Per surveyed 1,031 children was 0.28 days during last month and 0.98 days during last year. And also per patient was 1.78 days during last month and 3.22 days during last year. b) Average sick day was higher in girls than in boys during last month, but inverted during last year. 4) Average absented day per total surveyed children and patient during last month and last year. a) Per surveyed 1,031 children were 0.43 days during last month and 3.81 days during last year (omitted 1st school year). b) Per absented children were 2.0 days during last month and 7.10 days during last year. c) Per absented children were 8.16 days in boys and 3.17 days in girls. 5) Utilization of medical facilities: The drug-store was consulted 91.2% of the total utilized boys and girls. The strengthening of medical facilities and medical care activities in health subcenter is urgently required 6) Medical Expenses by period and sex: a) Average medical expenses per surveyed 1,031 children were 35.95 won, per patient were 298.04 won during last month. b) Average medical expenses per survey children (omitted 1st school year) were 80.56 won, per patient were 243.98 won and per treated patient were 318.87 won during last year. c) Medical expenses were higher in boys than in girls. 7) Rohrer index by sex, present illness and school year. a) Average Rohrer index was 129.8 in boys and 126.2 in girls. b) Average Rohrer index was increased for 1st school year to 2nd school year and thereafter falling down step by step by school year. c) Under 151-160 Rohrer index number of code III was the highest and above 151-160 Rohrer index of code XII was peaked.
Many primary school children struggle with mathematics and have low self-esteem in their own abilities. They know that the subject is important but they cannot cope, get left behind in their work and begin to hate mathematics. This paper reports the efforts to encourage and help a group of seventeen low achievers in mathematics prepare for their "primary six" public examination. The children were lacking in many thinking skills, but with encouragement, guidance and practice, thirteen of them (76.5%) showed improvements in their mathematical thinking and passed this important examination. This paper discusses these children's thinking in mathematics and how improvements were made.
To determine the status of infection caused by intestinal parasites among children and adolescents living in Legaspi city, the Philippines, we performed a small survey by fecal examination for helminth ova and protozoan cysts with formalin-ether concentration method. Of the 64 examinees, the infection rate was 78.1%. The infection rates of primary school children, preschool children and adolescents were 95.5%, 64.7% and 87.5%, respectively. The infection rate in urban areas was 56%, and 92.3% in rural areas. The infection rates were 51% with Trichuris trichiura, 40% with Ascaris lumbricoides, 23.4% with hookworm, 15.6% with Iodamoeba butschlii, 14.1% with Endolinax nana, 9.4% with Entamoeba coli and 7.8% with Giardia lamblia. There were 33 cases with multiple infection (51.6%). Mixed infection with more than 3 parasites was observed in 15 cases, all of them being children and adolescents living in rural areas. By this survey, it was conjectured that helminthic infection is prevalent among children and adolescents in Legaspi, Philippines. To determine the status of infection caused by intestinal parasites among children and adolescents living in Legaspi city, the Philippines, we performed a small survey by fecal examination for helminth ova and protozoan cysts with formalin-ether concentration method. Of the 64 examinees, the infection rate was 78.1%. The infection rates of primary school children, preschool children and adolescents were 95.5%, 64.7% and 87.5%, respectively. The infection rate in urban areas was 56%, and 92.3% in rural areas. The infection rates were 51% with Trichuris trichiura, 40% with Ascaris lumbricoides, 23.4% with hookworm, 15.6% with Iodamoeba butschlii, 14.1% with Endolinax nana, 9.4% with Entamoeba coli and 7.8% with Giardia lamblia. There were 33 cases with multiple infection (51.6%). Mixed infection with more than 3 parasites was observed in 15 cases, all of them being children and adolescents living in rural areas. By this survey, it was conjectured that helminthic infection is prevalent among children and adolescents in Legaspi, Philippines.
To evaluate the clinical characteristics and outcome of the patients with disseminated pilocytic astrocytoma compared to non-disseminated disease and to discuss treatment options for disseminated disease. We Identified patients with disseminated pilocytic astrocytoma from our Tumor Registry over 21 years of period and reviewed medical records and neuroimages to determine location of the tumor, pattern of dissemination, clinical characteristics, treatment, and outcome. 24 controls without dissemination, matched for age at diagnosis, tumor histology, and primary location were selected from the same registry and case/control comparison was done using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis.
In order to know the prevalence of head louse among the school children in rural area, we visited 3 primary schools and a kindergarten in Sanbuk-myon, Mungyong-gun, Kyongsangbuk-do in July 1985, and examined the children to identify the adult worms of head louse and/or its nits on the hair. The overall infestation rate was 91.9% among 420 children examined, and there was a difference between schools (P<0.05). The school girls' rate, 96.1% was higher than that of boys' 88.9%(P<0.05). By grade, the rate of infant school was 88.5% and 1st to 6th grade were 100, 100, 95.8, 90.4, 89.7, 80.0% respectively. Above result indicates that the head louse is an important health problem in this community. Therefore, the chemotherapy and the effort to improve the hygiene are necessary in this community by physicians, teachers and health administrators.
본 웹사이트에 게시된 이메일 주소가 전자우편 수집 프로그램이나
그 밖의 기술적 장치를 이용하여 무단으로 수집되는 것을 거부하며,
이를 위반시 정보통신망법에 의해 형사 처벌됨을 유념하시기 바랍니다.
[게시일 2004년 10월 1일]
이용약관
제 1 장 총칙
제 1 조 (목적)
이 이용약관은 KoreaScience 홈페이지(이하 “당 사이트”)에서 제공하는 인터넷 서비스(이하 '서비스')의 가입조건 및 이용에 관한 제반 사항과 기타 필요한 사항을 구체적으로 규정함을 목적으로 합니다.
제 2 조 (용어의 정의)
① "이용자"라 함은 당 사이트에 접속하여 이 약관에 따라 당 사이트가 제공하는 서비스를 받는 회원 및 비회원을
말합니다.
② "회원"이라 함은 서비스를 이용하기 위하여 당 사이트에 개인정보를 제공하여 아이디(ID)와 비밀번호를 부여
받은 자를 말합니다.
③ "회원 아이디(ID)"라 함은 회원의 식별 및 서비스 이용을 위하여 자신이 선정한 문자 및 숫자의 조합을
말합니다.
④ "비밀번호(패스워드)"라 함은 회원이 자신의 비밀보호를 위하여 선정한 문자 및 숫자의 조합을 말합니다.
제 3 조 (이용약관의 효력 및 변경)
① 이 약관은 당 사이트에 게시하거나 기타의 방법으로 회원에게 공지함으로써 효력이 발생합니다.
② 당 사이트는 이 약관을 개정할 경우에 적용일자 및 개정사유를 명시하여 현행 약관과 함께 당 사이트의
초기화면에 그 적용일자 7일 이전부터 적용일자 전일까지 공지합니다. 다만, 회원에게 불리하게 약관내용을
변경하는 경우에는 최소한 30일 이상의 사전 유예기간을 두고 공지합니다. 이 경우 당 사이트는 개정 전
내용과 개정 후 내용을 명확하게 비교하여 이용자가 알기 쉽도록 표시합니다.
제 4 조(약관 외 준칙)
① 이 약관은 당 사이트가 제공하는 서비스에 관한 이용안내와 함께 적용됩니다.
② 이 약관에 명시되지 아니한 사항은 관계법령의 규정이 적용됩니다.
제 2 장 이용계약의 체결
제 5 조 (이용계약의 성립 등)
① 이용계약은 이용고객이 당 사이트가 정한 약관에 「동의합니다」를 선택하고, 당 사이트가 정한
온라인신청양식을 작성하여 서비스 이용을 신청한 후, 당 사이트가 이를 승낙함으로써 성립합니다.
② 제1항의 승낙은 당 사이트가 제공하는 과학기술정보검색, 맞춤정보, 서지정보 등 다른 서비스의 이용승낙을
포함합니다.
제 6 조 (회원가입)
서비스를 이용하고자 하는 고객은 당 사이트에서 정한 회원가입양식에 개인정보를 기재하여 가입을 하여야 합니다.
제 7 조 (개인정보의 보호 및 사용)
당 사이트는 관계법령이 정하는 바에 따라 회원 등록정보를 포함한 회원의 개인정보를 보호하기 위해 노력합니다. 회원 개인정보의 보호 및 사용에 대해서는 관련법령 및 당 사이트의 개인정보 보호정책이 적용됩니다.
제 8 조 (이용 신청의 승낙과 제한)
① 당 사이트는 제6조의 규정에 의한 이용신청고객에 대하여 서비스 이용을 승낙합니다.
② 당 사이트는 아래사항에 해당하는 경우에 대해서 승낙하지 아니 합니다.
- 이용계약 신청서의 내용을 허위로 기재한 경우
- 기타 규정한 제반사항을 위반하며 신청하는 경우
제 9 조 (회원 ID 부여 및 변경 등)
① 당 사이트는 이용고객에 대하여 약관에 정하는 바에 따라 자신이 선정한 회원 ID를 부여합니다.
② 회원 ID는 원칙적으로 변경이 불가하며 부득이한 사유로 인하여 변경 하고자 하는 경우에는 해당 ID를
해지하고 재가입해야 합니다.
③ 기타 회원 개인정보 관리 및 변경 등에 관한 사항은 서비스별 안내에 정하는 바에 의합니다.
제 3 장 계약 당사자의 의무
제 10 조 (KISTI의 의무)
① 당 사이트는 이용고객이 희망한 서비스 제공 개시일에 특별한 사정이 없는 한 서비스를 이용할 수 있도록
하여야 합니다.
② 당 사이트는 개인정보 보호를 위해 보안시스템을 구축하며 개인정보 보호정책을 공시하고 준수합니다.
③ 당 사이트는 회원으로부터 제기되는 의견이나 불만이 정당하다고 객관적으로 인정될 경우에는 적절한 절차를
거쳐 즉시 처리하여야 합니다. 다만, 즉시 처리가 곤란한 경우는 회원에게 그 사유와 처리일정을 통보하여야
합니다.
제 11 조 (회원의 의무)
① 이용자는 회원가입 신청 또는 회원정보 변경 시 실명으로 모든 사항을 사실에 근거하여 작성하여야 하며,
허위 또는 타인의 정보를 등록할 경우 일체의 권리를 주장할 수 없습니다.
② 당 사이트가 관계법령 및 개인정보 보호정책에 의거하여 그 책임을 지는 경우를 제외하고 회원에게 부여된
ID의 비밀번호 관리소홀, 부정사용에 의하여 발생하는 모든 결과에 대한 책임은 회원에게 있습니다.
③ 회원은 당 사이트 및 제 3자의 지적 재산권을 침해해서는 안 됩니다.
제 4 장 서비스의 이용
제 12 조 (서비스 이용 시간)
① 서비스 이용은 당 사이트의 업무상 또는 기술상 특별한 지장이 없는 한 연중무휴, 1일 24시간 운영을
원칙으로 합니다. 단, 당 사이트는 시스템 정기점검, 증설 및 교체를 위해 당 사이트가 정한 날이나 시간에
서비스를 일시 중단할 수 있으며, 예정되어 있는 작업으로 인한 서비스 일시중단은 당 사이트 홈페이지를
통해 사전에 공지합니다.
② 당 사이트는 서비스를 특정범위로 분할하여 각 범위별로 이용가능시간을 별도로 지정할 수 있습니다. 다만
이 경우 그 내용을 공지합니다.
제 13 조 (홈페이지 저작권)
① NDSL에서 제공하는 모든 저작물의 저작권은 원저작자에게 있으며, KISTI는 복제/배포/전송권을 확보하고
있습니다.
② NDSL에서 제공하는 콘텐츠를 상업적 및 기타 영리목적으로 복제/배포/전송할 경우 사전에 KISTI의 허락을
받아야 합니다.
③ NDSL에서 제공하는 콘텐츠를 보도, 비평, 교육, 연구 등을 위하여 정당한 범위 안에서 공정한 관행에
합치되게 인용할 수 있습니다.
④ NDSL에서 제공하는 콘텐츠를 무단 복제, 전송, 배포 기타 저작권법에 위반되는 방법으로 이용할 경우
저작권법 제136조에 따라 5년 이하의 징역 또는 5천만 원 이하의 벌금에 처해질 수 있습니다.
제 14 조 (유료서비스)
① 당 사이트 및 협력기관이 정한 유료서비스(원문복사 등)는 별도로 정해진 바에 따르며, 변경사항은 시행 전에
당 사이트 홈페이지를 통하여 회원에게 공지합니다.
② 유료서비스를 이용하려는 회원은 정해진 요금체계에 따라 요금을 납부해야 합니다.
제 5 장 계약 해지 및 이용 제한
제 15 조 (계약 해지)
회원이 이용계약을 해지하고자 하는 때에는 [가입해지] 메뉴를 이용해 직접 해지해야 합니다.
제 16 조 (서비스 이용제한)
① 당 사이트는 회원이 서비스 이용내용에 있어서 본 약관 제 11조 내용을 위반하거나, 다음 각 호에 해당하는
경우 서비스 이용을 제한할 수 있습니다.
- 2년 이상 서비스를 이용한 적이 없는 경우
- 기타 정상적인 서비스 운영에 방해가 될 경우
② 상기 이용제한 규정에 따라 서비스를 이용하는 회원에게 서비스 이용에 대하여 별도 공지 없이 서비스 이용의
일시정지, 이용계약 해지 할 수 있습니다.
제 17 조 (전자우편주소 수집 금지)
회원은 전자우편주소 추출기 등을 이용하여 전자우편주소를 수집 또는 제3자에게 제공할 수 없습니다.
제 6 장 손해배상 및 기타사항
제 18 조 (손해배상)
당 사이트는 무료로 제공되는 서비스와 관련하여 회원에게 어떠한 손해가 발생하더라도 당 사이트가 고의 또는 과실로 인한 손해발생을 제외하고는 이에 대하여 책임을 부담하지 아니합니다.
제 19 조 (관할 법원)
서비스 이용으로 발생한 분쟁에 대해 소송이 제기되는 경우 민사 소송법상의 관할 법원에 제기합니다.
[부 칙]
1. (시행일) 이 약관은 2016년 9월 5일부터 적용되며, 종전 약관은 본 약관으로 대체되며, 개정된 약관의 적용일 이전 가입자도 개정된 약관의 적용을 받습니다.