• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
• /
• v.50 no.3
• /
• pp.279-317
• /
• 2020

This study presents the flora of nonvascular plants (bryophytes) and vascular plants within the Wangpicheon Ecosystem and Landscape Conservation Area in Korea. The time of the survey was divided into four seasons. The fieldwork was conducted for a total of 18 days from November of 2016 to October of 2017. The land plants in the Wangpicheon conservation area were identified as 758 taxa with 164 families, 455 genera, 698 species, 10 subspecies, 47 varieties and 3 forms. Among them, bryophytes amounted to 122 taxa and vascular plants numbered 636 taxa. Native plant amounted to 693 taxa. In total, there are 113 floristic target species in Korea, including one level V taxon, in this case Swertia wilfordii; six level IV taxa; 31 level III taxa; 38 level II taxa; and 37 level I taxa. There are nine endemic plants, including Sillaphyton (=Peucedanum) podagraria, which is the endemic genus; two rare plants; fifteen northern plants; and one southern plant as target plants adaptable to climate change. Also, there are forty-six naturalized plants and five ecosystem-disturbance organisms. The results of this study suggest several species that should be preserved and can serve as basic information with which to establish conservation and management plans for the Wangpicheon conservation area.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
• /
• v.20 no.2
• /
• pp.133-144
• /
• 2007

The vascular plants at the Wolmyung Park was listed 479 taxa: 105 families, 317 genera, 417 species, 1 subspecies, 55 varieties and 6 forms. 479 taxa listed consists of 291 taxa of edible plants (60.8%), 335 taxa of medicinal plants (69.9%), 234 taxa of ornamental plants (48.9%) and 243 taxa of the others (50.7%). Based on the list of the rare plants by the Forest Research Institute, 4 taxa were recorded in the investigated areas; Aristolochia contorta (Preservation priority order, No. 151), Magnolia kobus (No. 187), Prunus yedoensis (No. 110), Berchemia racemesa (No. 67) and based on the list of Korean endemic plants, 9 taxa were recorded; Cephalotaxus koreana, Carex okamotoi, Populus tomentiglandulosa, Prunus yedoensis, Forsythia koreana, Asperula lasiantha, Weigela subsessilis, Adenophora triphylla var. hirsuta, Aster koraiensis. Specific plant species by floral region were total 31 taxa; Prunus yedoensis, Berchemia racemosa in class V, Magnolia kobus, Wistaria floribunda in class IV, 4 taxa (Spiraea salicifolia, Acer palmatum, Asperula lasiantha, etc.) in class III, Caryopteris incana in class II, 22 taxa (Clematis patens, Orixa japonica, Euscaphis japonica, Grewia biloba var. parviflora, etc.) in class I. The naturalized plants in this site were 14 families, 35 genera, 44 species, 2 varieties, 46 taxa and naturalization rate was 9.6% of all 479 taxa vascular plants.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
• /
• v.27 no.5
• /
• pp.576-587
• /
• 2014

The purpose of this research is to classify various plants written in the Korean Buddhist scriptures and assign scientific name to them in accordance with the Hangul Tripitaca as standard scriptures, thereby establishing the foundation of the plants in Buddhist scriptures. As a natural resource, we also assessed the value of the plants written in the Buddhist scriptures that distributed from other countries. To this end, we inferred the route of introduction to Korea of the plants and investigated their function and usage. Taxonomic classification of the plants written in Buddhist scriptures identified a total of 331 taxa belonging to 107 families, 244 genera, 313 species, 1 subspecies, 16 varieties, 1 forms. Species composition of the 331 taxa of plants consisted of two taxa of pteridophyte, 15 taxa of gymnosperm, 261 taxa of dicotyledon, and 53 taxa of monocotyledon. Among them, 183 and 148 were woody and herbaceous plants, respectively. Analysis of the distribution of 331 kinds of plants that India's portion of origin of place is 8.9% which holds a low rank compared with those of Korea (10.5%), China (10.9%), and Japan (10.0%). This explains why many taxa of plants distributed from the three countries appeared in the Hangul Tripitaca. Accordingly, we hypothesized that the majority of the plants were added and replaced at some point in past while Buddhist scriptures were propagated from India to China and from China to Korea. Our analysis indicated that 119 out of the 331 taxa (36 %) were distributed from Korea.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
• /
• v.32 no.4
• /
• pp.50-60
• /
• 2014

This study aims to sort out the plants in "Poetry of the South" what is in the written by Qu Yuan in the Kingdom of Chu and to analyze the utility and appreciation of plants. The conclusions are as follows. First, there were 80 plant names and 56 plant species were sorted out, and these results can confirm that the plants were existed in the 340-277 BC. Second, through analyzing the utility of the plants, herba lycopi, basil etc. as the garden plants; lotus, chrysanthemum etc. as the ornamental plants; galangal and cannabis sativa as the present; basil, musa basjoo, etc. as the sacrifice plants. Third, through analyzing the appreciation of the plants, golden birch, chrysanthemum etc. for gustatory appreciation; herba lycopi and pine tree etc. for tactile appreciation; bamboo for sensory appreciation. Forth, through analyzing the token of the plants, calamus and basil etc. are the symbol of personal character noble; wormwood and caltrop etc. are the symbol of villain. Based on the research of "Poetry of the South", it can help to understand the plants culture in 340-277 BC, and it will be a useful information for the plant design.

• Environmental Sciences Bulletin of The Korean Environmental Sciences Society
• /
• v.1 no.1
• /
• pp.51-59
• /
• 1997

Two comparative poplar clones (I-214: Populus euramericana, Peace: P koreana x P. trichocarpa) were exposed to two $CO_2$ concentrations (350 or 2,000 ${\mu}L\;L^{-1}\;CO_2)$ for 21 days. When both poplar clones were compared at growth conditions, the net photosynthetic rate $(P_N)$ in $CO_2-enriched$ (2,000 ${\mu}L\;L^{-1}\;CO_2=C_{2,000})$ plants become about $50-60\%$ higher than that of 350 ${\mu}L\;L^{-1}\;CO_2(=C_{350})$ plants on 7 days treatment. But the enhancement of $P_N$ by high $CO_2$ was not maintained throughout all the experimental period. At 21 days, there was no difference of photosynthetic rates between $C_{350}\;and\;C_{2,000}$ plants. In contrast with photosynthesis, the response of leaf conductance to the elevated $CO_2$ concentration was very different between I-214 and Peace. During all experimental period, leaf conductance $(g_s)$ of $C_{2,000}$ plants is $50\%$ lower than that of the $C_{350}$ plants for I-214, while there is no difference of $g_s$ between the plants of $C_{350}\;and\;C_{2,000}$ on for Peace. The results of gs in Peace indicate that decreased photosynthetic rate after 21 days in $C_{2,000}$ on plants for two poplar clones is possibly due to non-stomatal factors. To investigate the non-stomatal factors, starch accumulation and ribulose-1,6-bisphosphate carboxylase (RuBPCase) were measured. We found significant accumulation of starch in two poplar clones exposed to high $CO_2,$ especially starch of I-214 in $C_{2,000}$ become 3.5 times higher than in $C_{350}$ plants at 21 days. This suggests that high proportion of photosynthates was directed into starch. After 21 days, the activity of ribulose-1, 6-bisphosphate carboxylase of $C_{2,000}$ plants become decreased in $40-50\%$ compared with that of the $C_{350}$ plants. Two poplar clones show the same trend to RuBPCase declines under high $CO_2$ concentration, although the decline is more significant for I-214. The results reported here suggest that starch accumulation and decreased RuBPCase activity in $C_{2,000}$ plants can be partly ascribed to the loss of photosynthetic efficiency of high $CO_2-grown$ poplar plants.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
• /
• v.19 no.4
• /
• pp.447-458
• /
• 2006

The resource plants at the Manduksan and Mireukbong was listed 550 taxa: 107 families, 339 genera, 481 species, 1 subspecies, 65 varieties and 3 forms. Among 550 taxa listed was confirmed 323 taxa of edible plants (58.7%), 384 taxa of medicinal plants (69.8%), 267 taxa of ornamental plants (48.5%) and 268 taxa of the others (48.7%). Based on the list of the rare plants by the Forest Research Institute, 4 taxa were recorded in the studied areas; Lilium distichum (Preservation priority order: No. 159), Tricyrtis dilatata (No. 97), Aristolochia contorta (No. 151), Prunus yedoensis (No. 110) and based on the list of Korean endemic plants, 11 taxa were recorded; Cephalotaxus koreana, Carex okamotoi, Lilium amabile, Populus tomentiglandulosa, Salix purpurea var. japonica, Pseudostellaria multiflora, Prunus yedoensis, Forsythia koreana, Paulownia coreana, Weigela subsessilis, Aster koraiensis. Specific plant species by floral region were total 30 taxa; Prunus yedoensis in class V, Wistaria floribunda in class IV, 3 taxa (Spiraea salicifolia, Acer palmatum, Asperula lasiantha) in class III, 3 taxa (Potentilla dickinsii, Viola tokubuchiana var. takedana, Caryopteris incana) in class II, 22 taxa (Pinus koraiensis, Hosta capitata, Chloranthus japonicus, Salix glandulosa, Juglans mandshurica, etc.) in class I. This site needs urgent countermeasures, because there have increased many man-made damages like planting exotic plants, picking wild plants and soil compaction induced by human trampling.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
• /
• v.25 no.4
• /
• pp.447-469
• /
• 2011

The flora of Bongamsa (Temple) area, Mungyeong were listed 552 taxa; 99 families, 303 genera, 468 species, 1 subspecies, 70 varieties and 13 forms. Based on the rare plants (IUCN), total 12 taxa; Crypsinus hastatus (Polypodiaceae), Eranthis stellata (Ranunculaceae), Cnidium tachiroei (Umbelliferae), Monotropa hypopithys (Pyrolaceae), Rhododendron micranthum (Ericaceae), Salvia chanroenica (Labiatae), Gastrodia elata (Orchidaceae), etc. Based on the endemic plants, total 11 taxa; Asarum chungbuensis, Aconitum pseudolaeve, Corydalis maculata, Lonicera subsessilis, Aster koraiensis, Saussurea seoulensis, etc. Based on the specific plants by floral region were total 48 taxa (8.7% of all 552 taxa of vascular plants); 2 taxa in class V, 5 taxa (Cimicifuga heracleifolia, Wistaria floribunda, Elsholtzia angustifolia, etc.) in class IV, 10 taxa (Betula davurica, Spiraea chinensis, Acer barbinerve, Vaccinium koreanum, Syringa reticulata var. mandshurica, etc.) in class III, 7 taxa (Potentilla dickinsii, Viola orientalis, Ostericum melanotilingia, Melica nutans, Veratrum parulum, etc.) in class II, 24 taxa (Camptosorus sibiricus, Cephalotaxus koreana, Betula schmidtii, Ilex macropoda, Tilia amurensis, Triadenum japonica, Lobelia sessilifolia, etc.) in class I. Based on the naturalized plants, total 21 taxa (Silene armeria, Oenothera lamarckiana, Symphytum officinale, Erechtites hieracifolia, etc.) and naturalization rate was 3.8% of all 552 taxa of vascular plants. The flora of importance in the Bongamsa, rare plants were Crypsinus hastatus, Eranthis stellata, Gastrodia elata, Monotropa uniflora, Monotropa hypopithys, Rhododendron micranthum and Cnidium tachiroei, Iris ensata var. spontanea in intermediate marsh and alien species classify into planted species of Bongamsa, area for investigation of afforestation and artificial forests, introduced of naturalized plants.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
• /
• v.25 no.1
• /
• pp.105-122
• /
• 2012

This study was carried out to illuminate the flora of vascular plants of islands at Chungnam. This study was conducted from March to November, 2010. Based on the voucher, vascular plants of in investigated islands were 105 families 326 genera 454 species 4 subspecies 45 varieties 9 forms, totally 512 taxa. Korean endemic plants were 6 species such as Aster koraiensis, Salix koriyanagi, Indigofera koreana, Hemerocallis taeanensis, Hepatica insularis, Philadelphus schrenckii, rare and endangered plants of designated by Korea Forest Service were 4 taxa, such as Magnolia kobus (planted), Koelreuteria paniculata, Berchemia racemosa var. magna, Glehnia littoralis respectively. Phytogeographical special plants were totally 69 taxa, which were grade I of 50 taxa, grade II of 1 axon, grade III of 11 taxa, grade IV of 4 taxa, and grade V of 3 taxa. 14 southern plants and 4 northern plant by criterion from climate change study were found in this area. Naturalized plants were 17 families 46 taxa, that was 9.1% of total vascular plants in this area. Even naturalized plants has not influence on the islands vegetation. However, regular passenger ferry between islands and increasing of visiter will be affecting vegetation.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
• /
• v.9 no.1
• /
• pp.134-142
• /
• 2008

Recently, international plants construction markets are expending. Specially, oil/gas plants constructions in Middle-East are booming. However, international plants construction projects are high risky. So a risk assessments and managements methodology for international plants construction is needed. In this study, the risk assessment methodology for international plants construction is proposed on the basis of the literature review in the international construction risk assessment methods and the knowledge of experts explored by interview. In addition, case study in Middle East was applied for reviewing these risk assessments and managements methodology for international plants construction.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
• /
• v.22 no.6
• /
• pp.89-96
• /
• 2019

This study was carried out for management of the invasive alien plants in Mt. Inwang located in central Seoul. The invasive alien plants are 11 families, 34 genera, 30 taxa, and they are 10.8% of the total vascular plants(314 taxa). The ecosystem disturbed plants designated by the Korea environment ministry are 6 taxa : Rumex acetosella, Lactuca scariola, Ambrosia trifida var. trifida, Ambrosia artemisiifolia, Aster pilosus and Eupatorium rugosum. In the life-form, herbaceous perennials are 13 taxa(35.3%). In the continent of origin, the species from America are 20 taxa(58.8%). In the introduction time, the species of third period are 14 taxa(41.2%). In the diffusion grade, 5 grade species are 14 taxa(41.2%) and they are wide spread species. Mt. Inwang was designated as ecological scenery conservation area of Seoul in 2007. But Mt. Inwang is in high danger by the spread of invasive alien plants and ecosystem disturbed plants, due to artificial factors such as development pressure and the occurrence of byway trail. Therefore, Mt. Inwang needs systematic management of invasive alien plants and monitoring of long-term changes.