• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.438-448
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• 2010

The social activities of the elderly have been increasing as our society progresses toward an aging society. As their activities are increased, the occurrence of falls that could lead to fractures are increased. Falls are serious health hazards to the elderly and we need more thorough understanding of falls including the progress of falls and the impact area in various fall directions. Many of the traditional methods of falls research dealt with voluntary falls by younger subject since older subject can easily get fracture from voluntary falls. So, it has been difficult to get exact data about falls of the elderly. Here, we tried to capture the characteristics of the movements of major joints using three dimensional motion capture system during falls experiments using a moving mattress that can safely induce unexpected falls. Healthy younger subjects participated in the actual falls experiment and the moving mattress was actuated by a pneumatic system. The kinematic parameters such as velocities of major segments were imported to a computer simulation environment and falls to hard surfaces were simulated in a computational environment using a realistic human model of aged persons. The simulation was able to give approximations to contact forces which can occur during actual falls. And we designed impact absorption system to reduce the impact during falls. We can adapt this system to fracture prevention system that we are going to study.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제41권5호
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• pp.315-322
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• 2008

Objectives : This study was performed to explore customer royalty and the related factors. Methods : 900 households(a 1% sample) were randomly selected from the total population of K city located in Kangwon province. An interview survey was performed with using a structured questionnaire for the subjects(923 persons) who had used medical service during the year before the survey, and the survey was done September, 2002. Results : When comparing the relating factors related with customer royalty according to the sociodemographic characteristics, the older group showed a significantly higher level of recognition for service quality, service reputation, internal customers' attitudes and switching cost. The lower income group showed a higher level of recognition for service quality, service image and switching cost. The lower educated group showed a higher level of recognition for service reputation, service image and internal customers' attitudes. The higher educated group showed a higher level of recognition for perceived risk, and seeking variety. In addition, the expert group or the service and manufacturing workers group showed a higher level of recognition for service involvement. On multiple regression analysis, internal customers' attitudes, service image, service reputation, service quality, switching cost, and substitutability showed significant relations with customer loyalty. Conclusions : This study showed that customer loyalty was significantly influenced by service factors like internal customers' attitudes, service image, service reputation, and service quality, and by market factors like switching cost, and substitutability. The results of this study can be used as a baseline for developing strategies to create and keep customers with high loyalty.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.273-280
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• 1984

The blood components of diabetic patients who visited S- hospital in seoul from January 1982 to June 1983 were compared with the reference levels. Hemoglobin and hematocrit levels of diabetic patients were significantly lower than the reference. The diabetic patients showed 2-3 times higher levels of fasting blood glucose and postprandial -2 hours blood sugar. Levels of blood urine nitrogen and creatine were also significantly higher in the diabetes mellitus and the levels of potassium sodium and chlorine showed no differences although these were decreased gradually in older patients. Lower serum calcium levels were seen in the diabetic patients and this change was more significant at the ages higher than 40. The effect of an active vitamin D on serum-Ca level in diabetic patients was studied in comparison to that of non- diabetic persons. The serum calcium levels were slightly increased in control and insulin- dependent diabetic patients after a week- intake of 1,000mg calcium a day, while the intake of 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol ( 1,000 IU per day ) did not increase the serum calcium levels of these groups. Insulin - independent diabetic patients showed the rather lower serum calcium levels after a week- intake of 1,000mg calcium per day. However, the levels were increased after 2-weeks intake of the calcium and a week-in-take of the active vitamin D(1,000 IU/day ). This effect of vitamin D was seen in the groups with lower intake of calcium(500mg/day ) but not in the groups with 1,000mg calcium intake a day.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.1246-1254
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• 2012

우리나라 성인의 현재 흡연율은 감소 추세이지만, 여전히 OECD국가 중에서 가장 높다. 이 연구에서는 2008년 국민건강영양조사에서 이비인후 검진을 완료한 19세 이상 지역사회 성인 3,600명을 대상으로 흡연량이 증가할수록 본인 인지 음성장애의 위험이 비례적으로 증가하는지에 관한 경향성을 분석하였다. 통제변수는 연령, 성, 교육수준, 소득 사분위수, 최장직업, 음주, 최근 2주 동안 만성 및 급성 질환 등으로 인한 통증 및 불편감 여부를 사용하였다. 연구 결과, 고도 흡연(>40.5~55.5 pack year)과 일일 평균 1갑 이상의 흡연은 본인 인지 음성장애의 독립적인 위험요인이었다. 일일 평균 흡연량이 증가할수록 본인 인지 음성장애의 위험이 유의하게 증가하였지만, 평생 흡연량(pack year)은 교차비의 증가가 유의하지 않았다. 본인 인지 음성장애의 조기 선별 및 예방을 위해서 주관적 음성 평가 외에도 추가적으로 현재 흡연량에 대한 조사가 필요하다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.59-67
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• 1977

This study was carried out to know the food habits of 200 persons, 89 males and 111 females, aged 60 years and over from June 13 to July 2, 1977 in Seoul. The results are summarized as follows: 1. Changes of the food preferences The preferences about foods after 60 years of age showed in lower scores of dislikes than those before and, however, were not significantly changed. Beef was the item which 75% of the subjects liked and was the highest in desire to eat, Likes for hot, salty, and sour taste except sweet were diminished but they generally liked hot or sweet food rather than sour or salty one and also warm dish rather than cold one. A majority of them wanted to have their meals cook more soft and tender. 2. Intakes of foods The average consumptions of the basic food groups per capita per day were 475.5g of males .and 431.8g of females for cereals and grains, 119.6g and 103.6g for meats add legumes, 221.7g and 216. lg for fruits and vegetables, 52.6g and 39.4g for milk and small fishes, and 5.0g and 4.7g for fats and oils. 3. Intakes of calorie and nutrients The percentage contributions of three nutrients, carbohydrate, protein, and fats to the total amounts of calories were 75.9, 12.4, and 11.7% of mates and 75.6, 12.4, and 12.0% of females. Women had a slightly higher percentage of caloric intake to RDA than men who didn't satisfy RDA. The subjects revealed an insufficient protein intake as well as calcium. Therefore, many older people have to be convinced of the importance of milk for both nutrients. The mean ratios for iron, niacin, and thiamin intake were higher than RDA and on the contrary. those for riboflavin, vitamin A, and ascorbic acid intake were below RDA. It seems necessary, for the aged to maintain good state of health, to promote their appetite, and to take regular mealtime because difficulty of teeth, illness, irregular mealtime, and loss of appetite had influence on less intakes of calorie and nutrients.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.337-341
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• 2006

Platelets clearly play an important role in inflammatory responses. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the relationship between aging and platelet activation. A total number of 799 persons (383 males and 416 females), who were apparently healthy and aged more than 20 years were recruited by a health promotion center in a community-based hospital in Seoul, Korea. We collected material data about their medical history and health behavior. Platelet parameters including mean platelet component (MPC), mean platelet volume (MPV), and platelet component distribution width (PCDW) were determined within 1 hour after blood collection using the ADVIA 120 automated hematology analyzer. The MPC of the women ($27.2{\pm}1.2$) was significantly love. than that of the men ($27.5{\pm}1.3$). The MPC of all participants was found to decrease with increasing age (P<0.01). Study participants in their twenties had the highest MPC ($27.7{\pm}1.1$), followed by those in their thirties ($27.6{\pm}1.1$), forties ($27.4{\pm}1.3$), fifties ($27.2{\pm}1.3$), sixties ($27.2{\pm}1.2$) and seventies ($27.1{\pm}1.2$). Multiple regression analysis showed that aging and gender were related with MPC after adjusting for confounding factors, including age, gender, smoking habit, hypertension, diabetes, body mass index and total cholesterol level. The this study shows that aging is related to platelet activation. Future research will need to determine the implications of increased platelet activation with aging, especially regarding the increased incidence of cardiovascular diseases and related mortalities that occur in older age groups.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.611-615
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the immunogenicity and safety of Salmonella Typhi Vi capsular polysaccharide vaccine (Vi vaccine) in Korea. The immunogenicity of a single dose of Vi vaccine was evaluated in 157 subjects (75 children and 82 adults) before and at 1, 6, and 12 months after vaccination. Immunogenicity was measured with a passive hemagglutination assay (PHA), quantified as geometric mean titers (GMTs) and seroconversion rates. The safety of the vaccine was investigated by determining adverse reactions occurring within 4h, 3 days, and 1 month after injection. The seroconversion rate for children and adults 1 month after vaccination was 96.92% and 89.02%, respectively. In the case of children, the GMTs of Vi antibodies before vaccination were $5.87{\pm}1.34\;and\;142.59{\pm}2.39$ at one month after vaccination. For adults, the GMTs before and one month after vaccination were $5.58{\pm}1.28\;and\;58.56{\pm}3.67$, respectively. Vi antibodies persisted for as long as 6 and 12 months after vaccination. All adverse reactions in adults and children were minor and did not require treatment. The Vi CPS vaccine was safe and immunogenic in adults and children older than 5 years.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.207-224
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• 2012

This study estimates the total health expenditure of ambulatory dental care and explores the factors related to disbursements. The study used two waves of a 2008 Korea Health Panel (KHP) survey, of which each wave is composed of 7866 households and 24,659 persons. The KHP includes missing expanses of reimbursement data of the National Health Insurance (NHI), such as out-of-pocket, drugs, and private health insurance. The study estimates total monthly ambulatory dental expenditure and the sub-special categories of dental care. For influential factors analyses, the study exploits log-linear model with age, gender, education, job, equivalence income, the status of chronic diseases, means-tested benefit recipients, private insurance, and the composite deprivation index as independent variables. The total monthly outpatient health spending is estimated to be 102,468 won per household, and for dental, each household spends 31,115 won per month. Older age, means-test recipients, non-regular workers are more likely to spend less money on dental care, whereas private insurers, high income, and those who live in less deprived areas are more likely to spend more money for dental services. From the study we found that the KHP data are more suitable to estimate the total amount of health care markets, especially when the NHI coverage is low, such as for dental care in Korea.

• 한국조리학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.100-115
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• 2015

본 연구에서는 갈색거저리의 유충인 밀웜을 2가지 조리방법(소테, 오븐)에 따른 3가지의 다른 형태(원형, 다짐, 분말)에 대한 기호도 및 구매의도를 살펴봄에 따라 갈색거저리의 식품화에 필요한 기초자료를 확립하고자 한다. 또한, 새로운 음식 혐오증(Food neophobia)이 높은 식용곤충을 활용한 시판품 개발시 타깃 시장 전략 수립에 도움을 주고자 한다. 성별과 연령에 따른 기호도와 구매의도는 여성에 비해 남성, 연령이 높아짐에 따라 높게 나타났다. 건강 관여도가 높은 집단, 새로운 음식 혐오증이 낮은 집단일수록 기호도와 구매의도가 높게 나타났다. 그리고 3가지의 다른 형태에 따라서는 성별, 연령, 건강 관여도, 새로운 음식 혐오증 모두 소테와 오븐의 분말형태에서 가장 높은 기호도와 구매의도를 나타내었다. 본 연구의 결과는 식품 개발자들에게 시장 타깃팅을 위한 의미 있는 자료를 제공할 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국노년학
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.895-912
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• 2012

본 연구는 만 60세 이상의 노인이 인지하는 노년기 부모-성인자녀간 지원유형을 살펴보고, 각 유형별로 나타나는 노인의 인구사회학적 특성과 삶의 질을 분석한 것이다. 분석에 활용된 자료는 2008년도 노인실태조사 원자료이며, 성인자녀가 있는 노인 14,843명을 분석대상으로 하였다. 군집분석을 통해 노년기 부모-성인자녀간 지원유형은 <높은 상호지원형>, <부모수혜형>, <부모제공형>, <낮은 상호지원형>의 4개로 분류되었으며, <부모제공형>이 가장 많았다. 4개의 유형중 <높은 상호지원형>의 노인들이 높은 삶의 질 수준을 보인 반면, <부모수혜형> 노인들은 자아통합감이 가장 낮았고, 우울수준이 가장 높게 나타났다. 본 연구 결과를 통해 2000년대 초반까지의 국내 선행연구들과 달리 우리나라의 노인들도 성인자녀와 쌍방향적 상호지원의 관계로 변화되어감을 발견할 수 있었다.