• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.47 no.2
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• pp.255-262
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• 2020

The aim of this study was to investigate the growth performance between two different crossbred strains of Korean native chickens denoted as 1E and 2E with a white semibroiler (LL) from hatch to d-84 post-hatch. A total of 450 one-day-old chicks were randomly distributed into cages which included 15 replicate cages each for 1E and 2E with 9 replicate cages for LL. A three phase feeding program was used as a starter (Day 1 - 35; crude protein [CP] 20.3%; metabolizable energy [ME] 3,059 kcal·kg^-1), grower (Day 36 - 56; CP 18.6%; ME 3,123 kcal·kg^-1) and finisher (Day 57 - 84; CP 16.7%; ME 3,187 kcal·kg^-1). The results revealed that LL had a higher (p < 0.05) BW during d-8 to d-84 compared with the other two cross breed groups. A higher (p < 0.05) ADG was observed from the LL during the entire period except from d-1 to d-14 and d-71 to d-84 when compared with 1E and 2E. Shank length did not vary (p > 0.05) between the strains, despite LL having a SL that was 2.86% higher (p < 0.05) when compared with the other strains from d-15 to d-21 post-hatch, and 1E had a SL that was 2.28% (p < 0.05) higher when compared with the other strains during the first week of the experiment.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.719-727
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• 2021

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of mixed and separate gender feeding on the growth performance and carcass traits of Korean native chickens (KNC) compared to white semi-broilers (WSB) and a commercial broiler (CB) from hatching to 35 days. Here, 240 chicks were used with eight birds per cage in a randomized design with six replicates per breed. For the KNC lines, three groups of males (KNC-M), mixed-gender birds (KNC-FM) and females (KNC-F) were used. The two-phase feeding program used here consisted of a starter phase (days 1 - 21: crude protein [CP] 20% and metabolizable energy [ME], 3,050 kcal·kg^-1) and a grower phase (days 22 - 35: CP 18%, 3,100 kcal·kg^-1) for a commercial broiler. The WSB and CB were fed the only starter commercial diet. Fresh water and feed were provided ad-libitum. The results revealed that the KNC group had a lower (p < 0.05) body weight (BW) from day 7 and day 35 compared to that of the CB. Furthermore, the KNC group showed a lower (p > 0.05) average daily gain (ADG) relative to that of the CB during the entire experimental period. No difference (p > 0.05) was observed in the shank length among the treatments. There were also no significant differences in the growth performance or carcass traits between the KNC-M and WSB groups or in the genders of the KNC group.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.31 no.8
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• pp.1134-1140
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• 2018

Objective: Fatty acid composition is one of the most important meat quality traits because it can contribute to functional, sensorial, and nutritional factors. In this study, quantitative trait locus (QTL) analyses for fatty acid composition traits were investigated in thigh and breast meat of Korean native chicken (KNC). Methods: In total, 18 fatty acid composition traits were investigated from each meat sample using 83 parents, and 595 $F_1$ chicks of 20 week old. Genotype assessment was performed using 171 informative DNA markers on 26 autosomes. The KNC linkage map was constructed by CRI-MAP software, which calculated genetic distances, with map orders between markers. The half-sib and full-sib QTL analyses were performed using GridQTL and SOLAR programs, respectively. Results: In total, 30 QTLs (12 in the thigh and 18 in the breast meat) were detected by the half-sib analysis and 7 QTLs (3 in the thigh and 4 in the breast meat) were identified by the full-sib analysis. Conclusion: With further verification of the QTL regions using additional markers and positional candidate gene studies, these results can provide valuable information for determining causative mutations affecting the fatty acid composition of KNC meat. Moreover, these findings may aid in the selection of birds with favorable fatty acid composition traits.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.117-125
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• 2019

The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation of zinc (Zn) sources (zinc oxide and Zn-methionine) on performance, organ weights, blood biochemical profiles, and digestive enzymes of the pancreas and small intestine in Korean native chicks (KNC). A total of 144 KNC (n=6) were fed a basal diet (CON, 100 ppm of Zn), a basal diet supplemented with 50 ppm of Zn with ZnO (ZNO), or a basal diet supplemented with 50 ppm of Zn with Zn-methionine (ZMT) for 28 days. There was no significant difference in body weight, gain, feed intake, and feed conversion ratio among the three groups. The relative weights of the liver, spleen, and intestinal mucosa were unaffected by the dietary source of Zn, whereas pancreas weight in the ZNO group decreased (P<0.05) compared with that in the CON and ZMT groups. Blood biochemical components including aspartate aminotransferase, and alanine aminotransferase were unaffected by dietary Zn supplementation. Pancreatic trypsin activity in the ZNO and ZMT groups was significantly (P<0.05) enhanced compared with that in the CON group. However, the activities of ${\alpha}$-amylase and carboxypeptidase A were not altered by dietary Zn supplementation. The activities of maltase and sucrase were unchanged, whereas the activity of leucine aminopeptidase tended (P=0.08) to be increased by dietary Zn supplementation. In conclusion, the supplementation with 50 ppm of ZnO or Zn-methionine resulted in an activation of protein digestive enzymes in the pancreas and small intestine without affecting animal performance in KNC.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.207-213
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• 2010

The current study was conducted to estimate the effect of dietary pyroligneous acid (PA) on performance, noxious gas emission in excreta, blood parameter and fatty acid composition of breast meat in Korean native chicken. A total of 240 one-day-old chicks were allocated to three treatments (PA; 0, 0.1, 0.2%) with five replicate of 16 each per treatment for 10 weeks. Although there was no effect on the performance, ammonia gas concentration was significantly decreased in the PA treatments compared to the control (p<0.05). Birds fed PA had higher serum total protein and high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-cholesterol) concentration but lower triglyceride content in the PA 0.2% treatment than control (p<0.05). In fatty acids composition of breast meat, myristic and stearic acid were significantly decreased, whereas oleic and linolenic acid were significantly increased in the group fed PA compared to those of the control group (p<0.05). The result of the current study indicates that dietary PA may reduce the noxious gas emission and improve lipid levels as well as increase of monounsaturated fatty acids composition of breast meat in Korean native chickens.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society of Poultry Science Conference
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• 2001.11a
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• pp.77-79
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• 2001

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of Bamboo Vinegar Liquid(BVL) on performance and meat quality of Korean native chicken(KNC) for 8 weeks. One hundreds KNC were divided into 4 groups with 5 replicates per treatment and placed in pens. Dietary levels of food waste 0%, 1%, 2% and 4% were included in experimental diets. The growth performance and carcass weight of KNC fed BVL supplement diet were significantly different(P<0.05) from the control group. The lipid content, cholesterol content and TBA in breast meat were significantly(P<0.05) decreased by addition of BVL. However, the addition of BVL did not affect the meat color. The saturated fatty acid composition of breast meat was decreased(P<0.05), whereas unsaturated fatty acid was increased(P<0.05) by addition of BVL 1% and 2%. Taste of sensory evaluation was improved by addition BVL. The results of this study indicate that dietary supplemental BVL 1% and 2% may improve the performance and meat quality of KNC. The prevention effect of KNC which challenged with Salmonella gallinarum (1${\times}$10$\^$9/ CFU/ml) was evaluated. A reisolation of S.gallinarum in liver, pathological index of villus and colon were evaluated. There was no reisolation of S.gallinarum in liver and a few pathological index of colon in 4% BVL supplement fed KNC than 1 and 2%. These results indicate that dietary supplemental BVL 4% may improve the prevention effect to salmonellosis in chickens.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.255-262
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• 2019

The micronutrients and flavor compounds of three new native chicken strains (A, C, and D) being developed in a breeding program (Golden Seed Project) were compared with a commercial native chicken strain (H) and the Baeksemi (W, white semi broiler). After 100 male chicks in each strains were reared for 5 weeks, the breast muscles from randomly selected 40 birds were analyzed at 8 replications. Native chicken strain A had greater amounts of α-tocopherol and α-tocotrienol compared with strain W. Native chicken strains showed higher contents of vitamin B₁₂ than Stain W. Stain H strain had the highest values of cholesterol content and strain D did the lowest. There was no different content of most minerals between native chickens (A, C, D, and H) and W, but Cu were more contained in native chicken strains compared with W. In terms of nucleotide-related flavor compounds, Stain A had the lowest content of hypoxanthine and strain D had highest inosine monophosphate. Native chicken strains had higher contents of umami-related free amino acids (glutamate and aspartate) than W. Among native chickens, strain A had more amounts in the contents of taurine, tasty flavor compounds, and certain vitamins, despite of the relatively low growth productivity. This result will provide information to select a strain with characteristic meat quality in a chicken breeding program.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.283-290
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• 2012

The objective of this study was to compare the growth performance between Korean native layer chickens and imported layer chickens at early rearing stage. Total number of chicks analyzed in this study was 276 and feeding period was conducted from July 24, 2012 for 10 weeks. Five strains including 2 Korean native strains: A=Korean Native Black (Chungcheongbuk-do) and B=Korean Native Yellowish Brown (Gyeongsangbuk-do) and 3 imported layer strains: C=White Leghorn (Gyeongsangnam-do), D=White Leghorn (Seoul), and E=Ameraucanas (Gyeongsangbuk-do) were used to analyze the following traits such as fertility, hatchability, body weight at a different growing stage, average body weight gain, and feed conversion ratio. The fertilities and hatchabilities of strains were 93.88% and 95.65% in strain A, 81.75% and 86.24% in strain B, 82.25% and 88.15% in strain C, 79.25% and 90.85% in strain D, and 71.50% and 88.11% in strain E, respectively. A viability was excellent in strains A and E to be more than 98% and was low in strain D to be 86.67% at a whole week. The strain A had greater body weight during growing stages (p<0.05) than the other strains. The shank length of strain D of $56.69{\pm}3.27mm$ was the highest value at 10 weeks of age among strains (p<0.05). The phenotypic correlation coefficients of strains A and D between an average body weight gain and a shank length were 0.63 and 0.73 during 0~2 wk, 0.70 and 0.55 during 2~4 wk, 0.55 and 0.54 during 4~6 wk, 0.50 and 0.24 during 6~8 wk, and 0.46 and 0.29 during 8~10 wk, respectively. The Korean native hens may have potential abilities to be used as an excellent seed stock for poultry industry.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.39-44
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• 2014

The goal of this study was to evaluate the growth performance of crossbred strains using Korean native chicken (KNC). The data were collected from 2012 through 2013 at Poultry Science Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Korea. The number of chicks analyzed in this study was 375. Crossbred were (A) $R{\times}S$, (B) $D{\times}H$, (C) $D{\times}S$, (D) $C{\times}Y$ and (E) $Y{\times}H$. The fertility rates of strains were 94.9% in crossbred A, 91.9% in crossbred B, 91.8% in crossbred C, 89.7% in crossbred D and 93.8% in crossbred E, respectively. The fertility was highest in crossbred A, but crossbred C showed the lowest (p<0.05) based on the hatchability. The crossbreds B and C exhibited a superior performance on body weight gains during growing stages but crossbred D showed the lowest (p<0.05). The feed intake was to the pattern of body weight. The feed intake of crossbred D was significantly lower than other crossbreds. Also, feed conversion ratio of crossbred D showed the lowest (p<0.05). Egg production ratio of crossbred D was significantly higher compared to the other crossbreds. These results suggest that the development of new crossbreds of commercial Korean Native Chickens should be required for better performance.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.605-614
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• 2020

This study was conducted to compare the growth performances of three groups of commercial Korean native chickens (KNCs) including two strains of crossbreeds and H3 (Hanhyeop 3) from hatch to twelve weeks of age. (1A, 2A, and H3). A total of 468 one-day-old chicks were allocated in a completely randomized design with 15 replicates per treatment for the crossbreeds and 9 replicates per treatment for H3 (12 birds per cage). Commercial broiler diets (i.e., Week 0 - 5 crude protein [CP] 22.0%, metabolizable energy [ME] 3,025 kcal·kg^-1; week 5 - 8 CP 20.0%, ME 3,100 kcal·kg^-1; week 8 - 12 CP 19.0%, ME 3,150 kcal·kg^-1) were provided according to the Korean Feeding Standard for Poultry on an ad-libitum basis with fresh clean water during the twelve-week period. Body weight gain and shank length (SL) were measured weekly until week 6 and bi-weekly during week 6 to 12. Compared to H3, the two crossbreed groups had a higher body weight (BW) on weeks 3 to 8; however, the bodyweight of H3 on week 10 was significantly higher than the other groups (p < 0.05). Moreover, the average daily feed intake (ADFI) of H3 was higher than that of the two crossbreed groups from hatching to 84 days except for week 3, and H3 showed a lower average daily gain (ADG) on weeks 3 and 10 (p < 0.05). Furthermore, H3 had a higher feed conversion ratio compared to another crossbreed chicken on weeks 1 to 8 and the last week after hatching. Among all the groups, there was no significant difference for shank length during the experimental period.