• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.561-568
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• 2009

In 21C, computer is having a powerful influence on every fields. As music field is no exception, the computer music is regarded as a next generation music. Especially the focus of 21st century's music is now moving from MIDI of 20th century to the Realtime interactive music in which computer is used as a practical instrument. Most european countries and America are doing a lot of research and performing these music. But in Korea, known as a fairly strong IT country, there is no enough perception of the importance of this new outcome of the new media era, and introduction of this music is slow as well. In this paper, we suggest the possibility of using the new way of composition by realtime interactive music in Korea. This can be a strong merit for Korean composers who want to use Korean instruments which were limited to be used as international instruments because of their restricted registers, techniques and so on.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.39A no.4
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• pp.188-194
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• 2014

V2I(Vehicular to Infrastructure) is a one kind of communication systems which is used between the base stations and mobile objects. In V2I communication system, it is difficult to obtain the desired communication performance. Beamforming technology is to find the optimal path. and it can be improved the communication performance. MUSIC algorithm can be estimated the direction of arrival. The directional vector of received signals and the eigenvector has orthogonal property. MUSIC algorithm uses this property. In V2I communication environment, real time optimal path is changed. By the high computational complexity of the MUSIC algorithm, the optimal path estimation error is generated. In this paper, we propose a method of computation reduction algorithm for MUSIC algorithm.

• Journal of Music and Human Behavior
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.1-20
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to examine the clinical practice-related anxiety and coping strategies in music therapists. 81 music therapists who are members of the National Korean Music Therapist Association, completed the self-report questionnaires. Results in this study showed that the highest rating scores were found with relationship anxiety, followed by musical performance anxiety and performance anxiety. As causing factors for each anxiety type, uncooperative behaviors and attitudes of clients were reported to highly affect interpersonal anxiety; improvising music during music therapy sessions for musical performance anxiety, and observations of music therapy sessions by staff and related professionals for performance anxiety. Regarding coping strategies used by the respondents, cognitively questioning anxiety issues was most frequently used to deal with performance anxiety; actively involving in behavior modification of clients for relationship anxiety, and practicing music skills for musical performance anxiety. The results provided descriptive information of anxiety and coping strategies that music therapists experienced. Also, this study indicates how music therapists would deal with anxiety-inducing situations and develop their coping strategies for better clinical practice.

• Journal of Music and Human Behavior
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.51-68
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to examine the use of music by international college students in Korea. A questionnaire was administered to foreign college students. The questionnaire was composed of 25 items regarding use of music, the purpose of music use, and demographic information. A total of 150 questionnaires were distributed, and 81 questionnaires were returned. Incomplete questionnaires were excluded, and the remaining 69 questionnaires were analyzed. The results of this study were as follows. First, international students in Korea preferred listening to music over playing instruments or singing and mostly listened to popular music in their dormitory alone. They mostly listened to popular songs with love related themes and preferred music from their own country over Korean music. Second, in terms of the purpose behind music use, comfort was the reason reported most frequently, followed by mood change, enjoyment, sense of belonging, and sense of achievement. Third, there were no significant differences in use of music depending on individual factors (e.g., gender, length of residence in Korea, length of previous music education), but significant differences were found for using music for the purpose of mood change and sense of belonging based on respondents' length of residence in Korea. The results of this study may contribute to the development of musical programs for cultural adaptation and psycho-emotional support for international students in Korea.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.630-636
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• 2006

Purpose. To determine the effects of music therapy on pain, discomfort, and depression for patients with leg fractures. Methods. Data were collected from 40 patients admitted in an orthopedic surgery care unit. The subjects included 20 intervention group members and 20 control group members. Music therapy was offered to intervention group members once a day for 3 days for 30-60 minutes per day. Pain was measured with a numeric rating scale and by measuring vital signs. Discomfort and depression were measured with self-administered questionnaires. Results. Patients who received music therapy had a lower degree of pain than patients who did not receive music therapy as measured by the numeric pain score (p < 0.001), systolic blood pressure (p < 0.01), diastolic blood pressure (p < 0.001), pulse rate (p < 0.001) and respiration (p < 0.001). Patients who were provided with music therapy also had a lower degree of discomfort than patients who were not provided with this therapy (p < 0.01). Effects of Music Therapy on Pain, Discomfort, and Depression for Patients with Leg Fractures Conclusions. These results demonstrate that music therapy is an effective method for decreasing pain and discomfort for patients with leg fractures.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.466-478
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of music therapy on anxiety of cesarean section wemen. The research design was a nonequivalent control group non-synchronized design. The subjects of this study were 65 cesarean section wemen scheduled for surgery. The study was conducted from October 15, 1999 to January 5, 2000. Two groups consisted of subjects assigned : one the experimental group(33 wemen), and the other the control group(32 wemen). The music therapy was performed 3 times to experimental group just before surgery day, on surgery day. The level of anxiety was measured by State Anxiety Inventory, blood pressure, pulse rate, respiratory rate. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, $x^2-test$, t-test, Repeated measures of ANCOVA. The results of study were as fellows : 1) State anxiety scores were significantly different between the experimental group and the control group after music therapy. 2) Systolic blood pressures and diastolic blood pressures were significantly different between the experimental group and the control group after music therapy. 3) Pulse rates were significantly different between the experimental group and the control group after music therapy. 4) Respiratory rates were significantly different between the experimental group and the control group after music therapy. According to these results, music therapy can be regarded as an effective nursing intervention that relieves anxiety of cesarean section wemen.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.275-296
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to investigate bibliographic control of printed music that is especially far-off the bibliographic control activities. In this study, therefore, the production and distribution channels of printed music and their publication situation are investigated. Then the development of bibliographic control of printed music is examined. And also, domestic, foreign, and international bibliographic control activities of printed music are analyzed. Finally, the special issues to be considered in our bibliographic control of printed music are presented.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.321-329
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• 2006

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of music therpy on anxiety and depression in patients undergoing hemodialysis. Method: The study was designed using a nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design. The subjects consisted of 36 patients (Experimental group: 18, Control group: 18) who received hemodialysis in three hospitals located in Seoul. The measures were a Music Preference Questionnaire (MPQ), anxiety measurement, and depression measurement. Data was collected from December 26, 2004 to April 2, 2005 through questionnaires. The collected data was analyzed by the SPSS 10.0 program. Result: The first hypothesis that patients undergoing hemodialysis who received music therapy would have less anxiety than patients undergoing hemodialysis who did not receive music therapy was supported(F=8.05, p=.008). The second hypothesis that patient undergoing hemodialysis who received music therapy would have less depression than patients undergoing hemodialysis who did not receive music therapy was supported(F=11.86, p=.002). Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that music therapy may be applied as a method of nursing intervention contributing to the improvement of quality life by reducing their anxiety and depression of patients undergoing hemodialysis.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.113-120
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• 2008

Purpose: The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of music therapy according to preferred music and to identify the effect of duration time and starting point of music therapy on anxiety and vital signs in spinal anesthesia operations. Method: These subjects were categorized into three groups based on the order of the date of operation. Data on anxiety and vital signs for this study were collected from them. The collected data were analyzed by $X^2$-test, t-test, paired t-test and ANCOVA. Result: The results of this study showed that preferred music, differences of duration times and starting points of music therapy didn't make significant differences in anxiety and vital signs among the three groups. However for anxiety, there was a meaningful difference within three groups. This result indicates even randomly chosen music by nurses considering the patients' age makes a meaningful difference in anxiety. Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, the conclusion can be made that music therapy is a useful nursing implementation to reduce anxiety in patients undergoing operations with spinal anesthesia.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Educational Facilities
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.17-25
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• 2006

Elementary school classroom designs have been developed toward open education system to provide students diverse and improved educational environments since the early of 1990 in Korea. Unfortunately, the quality of music room has not still shown dramatic improvements due to the lack of the acoustical knowledges of architects. This report aims to investigate typical acoustic quality of previous or current music room of elementary schools and show new acoustic treatment technologies to improve the room acoustic of music room by adapting composite perforated panel system and diffusion technology. The music room at Daihyun Elementary school in Yongin was chosen as a case study of this report. The music room was measured to be analyzed using field measurements and the acoustical specifications of composite perforated panel systems and kinds of diffusors were set. Acoustic measurements were performed after the renovation to show the differences between previous room acoustic and after the acoustic renovations. As the result, the case study has shown that the new composite perforated panel systems and diffusion surfaces lowered reverberation time at proper level along with improving the clarity of music, RASTI, and spatial impressions. Also, acoustic interferences such as comb filtering and flutter echoes have been controlled dramatically by diffusive surfaces. The study shows music rooms in elementary schools, middle and high schools can be improved by adapting composite perforated panel systems and diffusors.