• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.318-322
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to examine differences between 20s and 40s in visuospatial performance and brain activation areas using functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI). Eight male college students in their twenties ($21.5{\pm}2.3$ years old) and six male adults in their forties ($45.7{\pm}2.6$ years old) who were graduated from college participated in the study. A visuospatial task was presented while brain images were acquired by a 3T fMRI system. Compared to the 20s the 40s showed lower visuospatial performance. There were more activations observed at the parietal and superior frontal areas at 20s compared to 40s. There were more activations observed at the middle frontal and occipital areas at 40s compared to 20s. The results of this study show that the lowering of visuospatial performance with aging was correlated to the decrease of activation area at the parietal lobe and the change of activation area at the frontal lobe.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.35-43
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to study on radiologic technologist's license system and primary pathway education curriculum in the United States American (USA), focused on one case of college in Texas. We were collected and analyzed through class participation at a community college in Tarrant, interviews with professors of radiologic science and clinical radiographers, field trips, an internet search, and literature reviews. As a result, first, the American radiologic technologists license system is composed of fifteen chapters, and the professional education courses for each field are being carried out through three courses of a primary pathway, a post primary pathway and a physician extender. Second, the primary pathway courses consisted the radiography, the radiation therapy, the nuclear medicine, the magnetic resonance imaging, the sonography. Third, the USA had about 30 times more clinical practice time than Korea. In clinical practice, students had done actually examination through X-ray exposure on patients. Last radiographers in the USA was able to perform intravenous injection of radiopharmaceutical agents on patient, so that he could perform rapid examination and efficient manpower operation. This study could be used as basic data for the globalization of radiologic technologists license system in Korea.

• Korean Journal of Computational Design and Engineering
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.315-322
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• 2011

The goal of total knee replacement (TKR) surgery is to replace patient's knee joint with artificial implants in order to restore normal knee joint functions. Since mismatched knee implants often cause a critical balancing problem and short durability, designing a well-fitted implant to a patient's knee joint is essential to improve surgical outcomes. We developed a software system that three-dimensionally (3D) simulates TKR surgery based upon 3D knee models reconstructed from computed tomography (CT) imaging. The main task of the system was to extract precise 3D anatomical parameters of a patient's knee that were directly used to determine a custom fit implant and to virtually perform TKR surgery. The virtual surgery was simulated by amputating a 3D knee model and positioning the determined implant components on the amputated knee. The test result shows that it is applicable to derive surgical parameters, determine individualized implant components, rehearse the whole surgical procedure, and train medical staff or students for actual TKR surgery. The feasibility and verification of the proposed system is described with examples.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.383-397
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• 2017

We attempted to develop a problem-based learning (PBL) module for integrated education in dental hygiene with the aim of helping students gain clinical competencies necessary for dental hygienist work. To develop the PBL Module for Clinical Dentistry in Dental Hygiene course, the researchers identified literature related to not only educational technology, but also medical science, nursing, dentistry, and dental hygiene. During the design phase of the PBL module, problem scenarios and a plan for the teaching and learning process were developed. Developing problem scenarios involved describing a problematic situation and three questions related with that situation. To cultivate competencies required in dental clinics, each question was related to the diagnosis of a dental disease, dental treatment, and dental hygiene procedures for care. Teaching-learning process plan included the designs of operating environment, operational strategies, learning resources, facilitation of problem-solving process, and evaluation. It is necessary to evaluate the PBL module for integrated education in dental hygiene to confirm its effectiveness.

• Proceedings of the KOSOMBE Conference
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• v.1997 no.11
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• pp.455-458
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• 1997

We are exposed to the various external stimuli input from the environment, which cause emotional changes based on the characteristics of the stimuli. Unfortunately, there are no quantitative results on relationship between human sensibility and the characteristics of physiological signals. The objective of this study was to quantify EEG signals evoked by visual stimulation based on the assumption that the analysis of the variability on the characteristics of the EEG waveform may provide the significant information regarding changes in psychological states of the subject. Seven university students were participated in this study. The experiment was devised with eleven experimental conditions, which are control and ten different types of visual stimulation based on IAPS (International Affective Picture Systems). Wavelet transformation was employed to analyze the EEG signals. Most positive and negative emotional response were compared in pairs. The results showed that the reconstructed signals at the decomposition level revealed the different energy value on the EEG signals. Also, general patterns of EEG signals in rest state compare with positive and negative stimulus were found. This study could be extended to establish an algorithm which distinguishes psychophysiological states of the subjects exposed to the visual stimulation.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.1201-1216
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• 2017

In this study, we described the development of a methodology to measure tip-pinch strength on the paretic hand rehabilitation device and aimed to investigate reliability of the device. FSR sensors were embedded on the device, and tip pinch strength was estimated with data collected from the sensors using a developed equation while participants were demonstrating tip pinch. Reliability tests included inter-rater, test-retest, and inter-instrument reliability. B&L Engineering pinch gauge was utilized for the comparison. Thirty-seven healthy students participated in the experiment. Both inter-rater and test-retest reliability were excellent as Intraclass Correlation Coefficients (ICCs) were greater than 0.9 (p<0.01). There were no statistically significant differences in tip-pinch strengths. Inter-instrument reliability analysis confirmed good correlation between the two instruments (r = 0.88, p < 0.01). The findings of this study suggest that the two instruments are not interchangeable. However, the tip-pinch mechanism used in the paretic hand rehabilitation device is reliable that can be used to evaluate tip pinch strength in clinical environment and can provides a parameter that monitors changes in the hand functions.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.29-34
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• 2003

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to investigate the Effect of Acupuncture Chok-samni(ST36) on Skin temperature(ST), Galvanic skin response(GSR) and Heart rate(HR) in humans. ST36 is used in uneasiness, high fever, stroke, paralysis on oriental medicine. Methods : Subjects were 18 healthy oriental medical students volunteers(15male, 3female, mean age-28). Under sequence of ST36 acupuncture, the first group was observed ST, the second group was observed GSR and the third group was observed HR. Skin temperature was measured on Haegye acupoint(ST41) before and after acupuncture stimulation. Each test took 15minutes. This test was performed twice in order to increase the statistical authenticity. Results : Our result indicates that acupuncture stimulation of ST36 statistically decreased skin temperature on ST41. Also statistically decreased in HR. The change of GSR after ST36 acupuncture was decreased, but there is no statistical. Conclusions : These results suggested that acupuncture stimulation of ST 36 has effect on ST and HR in human body, and may be used by treatment as control the nerve system.

• Korean Medical Education Review
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.156-166
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• 2014

The current study aimed to find the relationship between attention, relevance, confidence, and satisfaction (ARCS) learning motivation and class effectiveness inherent in problem-based learning (PBL) classes designed for dental and nursing students. Seventy-nine participants responded to survey items for motivation and class effectiveness after completion of their classes. The study findings were as follows. First, the differences among the $dental^{**}$, $clinical^{**}$, and $nursing^{**}$ PBL classes were identified in terms of class effectiveness (F=3.63, p<0.05) and academic achievement (F=13.9, p<0.01). Second, three learning motivation factors-satisfaction (t=4.07, p<0.01), confidence (t=2.84, p=0.01), and relevance (t=2.96, p<0.01)-appeared to determine class effectiveness in the abovementioned order. Only attention (t=2.02, p=0.05) was significantly related to academic achievement. Third, the relationship between hours of learner contribution to the PBL tasks and academic achievement was statistically significant. Therefore, we suggest the incorporation of ARCS motivation factors in PBL classes on the basis of the characteristics of each major and grade.

• Korean Medical Education Review
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.132-140
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• 2014

Higher education is under unprecedented pressure for quality improvement and cost containment/reduction due to global competition and ever-increasing tuition costs. These twin challenges require an unconventional approach, and massive open online courses (MOOCs) and flipped learning have recently emerged as two promising educational alternatives not only to address the current problems but also to direct the future of education. This paper discusses the rapidly changing environment for education, MOOCs, and flipped learning as learning alternatives, the relationship between MOOCs and flipped learning, and course redesign for the implementation of flipped learning. The case of Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST) is also discussed for benchmarking purposes since it has been pioneering an innovative educational methodology for teaching and learning IT-enabled active learning methods from its inception in 2009. It has redesigned almost 70 courses (20% of all the courses to offer) for flipped learning. The objectives of UNIST's educational experiment are three-fold: improving the quality of education for students, improving teaching productivity for the faculty, and containing/reducing education costs for the university.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.47-58
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• 1982

The author has studied on the clinical features and symptomatology of 97 MPDS patients, who visited the Dept. of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, from January to September in 1982. The results were as follow : In age and sex distribution of patients in this population, the third decades appeared to have the highest prevalence and the male to female ratio was almost 1 to 2.23. As to occupation, students and housewives were revealed to have the highest incidence of MPDS. The chief complaints of patients were pains, TMJ noises, and limitation of mouth opening in order of frequency, and the most prevalent site of symptom was that of preauricular area. In symptom sequence, the majority of initial symptoms were TMJ noise and pain but limitation of mandibular movement was progressively developed, regardless of nature of early symptoms. Chronic unfavorable oral habits were found to be the most possible predisposing factors in this study. The average maximum interincisal distance was $38.13\pm10.00mm$ in males and $30.73\pm8.75mm$ in females, and a deviation of mandible during mouth opening was observed in 60.8% of patients. In TMJ signs, tenderness of the TMJ to palpation was found in 60.8% of patients and TMJ noise was audible in 50.5% of patients with a stethoscope. The muscles of masticatory system were palpated according to usual methods, and a significant indidence of muscular tenderness was present, with the lateral pteygoid muscles being most frequently involved, followed by masseter, medical pterygoid and temporalis muscles.