• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.439-449
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• 1998

Anal Therapy is another way of taking medicine. It is a traditional pathway but not available in common situation. Nevertheless, It has many benifect and usefulness, it has not treated so much. Through Anal Therapy, the valid compound of Herb med can be reach to the desination in theory of the organism and loca1 medical action. The former is called Jung-Chei Theory(整體論), which is the one of the most important basements in building traditional Korean medicine. As there are many kinds of Anal therapy, this study use reservation type. Sosihotang(SSHT) is one of the well-known korean medicines for a long time. It is used for the treatment of such dieases as infectious diseases, hepatic diseases and gastroenteritis and so on. In this study, the author investigated the effect of an aqueous extract of SSHT by Anal therapy(Reservative Enema) in anaphylactic shock. The following results were obtained 1. SSHT inhibited anaphylactic shock 100% with a dose of 1.0 g/kg 1 hr before intraperitoneal injection of compound 48/80. SSHT significantly reduced serum histamine contents induced by compound 48/80. 2. SSHT (0.1 g/kg) also inhibited to 30.9% (P<0.05)) local cutaneous anaphylactic reaction activated by anti-dinitrophenyl (DNP) IgE. 3. The validity rate of reservative enema is as much as oral pathway. 4. In addition, SSHT dose-dependently inhibited the histamine release from the peritoneal mast cells by compound 48/80 or anti-DNP IgE. These results provide evidence that Anal Therapy(Reservative enema) of SSHT may be beneficial in the treatment of systemic and local anaphylactic reaction. Moreover, I wish another much sincere study of Anal Therapy (Reservative enema) would be obtained.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.584-587
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• 2002

It has been suggested that oxidative stress may play an important role in the pathogenesis of diabetic complications. The purpose of this study was to examine the oxidative stress of streptozotocin(STZ) in the cultured mouse cerebral neurons and the preventing effect of vitamin E and and Benincasae Semen(BS) on STZ-induced neurotoxicity. Cytotoxic effect of STZ and neuroprotective effect of antioxidant and BS were performed by MTT assay. 30 μM STZ decreased cell viability in dose-and time-dependent mannner, and vitamin E and BS diminished STZ-induced neurotoxicity in these cultures. From above the results, STZ has toxic effect. and antioxidants, vitamin E or herb extract of BS is very effective against STZ-induced neurotoxicity in cultured cerebral neurons of neonatal mouse.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.846-855
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• 2008

Objects : The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of five herbal medicines on cytochrome P450 3A4 drug-metabolizing enzymes in human liver microsomes. Methods : To use human liver microsomes, an extract of five herbal medicines, which are Artemisia princeps Pampan, Sophora jeponica Linne, Panax notoginseng F. H. Chen, Lithospermum Erythrorhizon Sieb., and Cirsium maackii Maxim, which together are called Jihyulyak(止血藥, drugs for arresting bleeding, hemostatics), was co-incubated and measured for relative enzyme activity in incubation condition compared to ketoconazole, a representative inhibitor of CYP 3A4. Results : We showed that all five of the traditional herbal medicines had no inhibition effect of CYP 3A4 at 10, 20, 30, 40, and $50{\mu}g/ml$ doses in human liver microsomes, although Sophora japonica Linne(SJL) showed a little inhibition at about 81% inhibition rate of control. However, this result is not enough to prove that SJL has a CYP 3A4 inhibition effect. Moreover, we can't make sure that those rates had significant induction effect on CYP 3A4. Conclusions : The result of this study could support that those herbal medicines are safer than chemical drugs, even if this is the basic step to prove that result.

• Food Industry And Nutrition
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.40-44
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• 2002

본 연구는 한방에서 여러 가지 기능성을 주목받고 있는 호박을 주원료로 하고 8가지 한방 생약재를 부재료로 첨가해 이것이 마우스의 혈액 성상 중 적혈구수와 hemoglobin에 어떤 영향을 미치는지 알아보기 위해 진행되었다. 실험은 부재료로 첨가되는 한방생 약재 의 종류와 1회 복용량에 따라9가지 그룹으로 나누어 진행되었으며 먼저 마우스에게서 출혈을 유도한 후 호박 및 한방생 약재 추출물을 먹인 대조군과 비교해 출혈 전으로 회복되는 정도를 살펴보았다. 그 결과 적혈구의 경우9가지 실험구 모두가 대조구에 비해서 유의적으로 적혈구 수가 증가하였다 첨가된 부재료의 수를 줄인 A와 B그룹보다 8가지 한방생약재를 모두 부재료로 첨가한 C그룹에서 가장 높은 증가효과를 보여 주었다. Hemoglobin의 경우에도 9가지 실험구 모두가 대조군에 비해 유의성있는 증가효과를 보여주었다 Hemoglobin도 적혈구와 마찬가지로 A와 B그룹보다 8가지 한방생약재를 모두 첨가한 C그룹에서 회복효과가 가장 우수하였다 적혈구와 hemoglobin모두 1회 복용량보다 첨가되는 한방생약재의 종류에 따라 회복효과가 더 큰 것으로 생각된다.

• Food Industry And Nutrition
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.45-49
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• 2002

본 실험 은 한방에서 특히 산모의 산후 회복에 효과적 이라고 알려진 호박이 산욕기 산모의 혈액성상 회복에 어떤 영향을 주는지 알아보기 위해서 진행되었다. 호박을 주원료로 8가지 한방 생약재를 첨가하여 압출액을 만든 후분만 직후의 산모 50명 에 게 21일간 복용시키고 혈액을 채취하여 적혈구와 hemoglobin을 복용전과 비교하였으며 또 호박 및 한방 생 약재를 복용하지 않은 대조군과도 비교 하였다. 본 실험 의 결과 적혈구 수치 는 분만직후의 3.65 $\times$$10^{6}$/mm에 서 4.6$\times$$10^{6}$/mm로 증가하여 3.9$\times$$10^{6}$/mm인 대조구에 비하여 높은 증가효과를 보여주었으며 정상적인 적혈구 범 위 에 드는 결과를 보여주었다. Hemoglobin의 경우도 분만 직후 10.35 g/dL에서 복용 21일 만에 12.61 g/dL로 증가하여 대조군인 10.88 g/dL과 비교하였을 때 유의적인 증가효과를 보여주었다 Hemoglobin수치 역시 임신 초기의 평균적인 수준을 초과하였으며 정상의 범위에 속하는 수준으로 회복하는 결과였다. 이후 적혈구와 hemeglobin 뿐 아니라 좀더 자세한 혈액성상을 연구할 과제가 있으나 본 연구의 결과 호박을 주원료로 한 한방 생약재 추출액은 분만 직후 산모의 적혈구 수치 및 hemoglobin의 회복에 효과적이라고 생각된다.

• Herbal Formula Science
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.11-37
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• 2000

This is a study on the methods of decocting prescriptions in SANGHANRON (傷寒論), and after this, numbers of results have been obtained. SANGHANRON was written by Chang-Ki (張機) in the 2nd century, so it reflexes the usage of prescriptions of previous age indirectly. And gave affects on the methods of decocting prescriptions to the oriental medicine doctors of next generation.Berore Han-DYnasty(漢代), there were not so many publications connected with Oriental Medicine. Besides, some books couldn't hand down to next generation due to the gap of time and space. As time goes by, letters in medical books changed little by little, so contents connected with decocting methods changed too. The effects of decoction and herb tea can be changed by the flexibility of methods of decocting medicines, so we have to decide what kinds of decocting methods should be taken and adapted to patients by the most effective way.In SANGHANRON, there are many kiny kinds of boiling methods, so DHAMG-Ki selected the most appropriate method considering deree and position of disease and condition of patient. But nowadays, due to inconvenient procedure of boiling and taking medicines, some methos are not in common in clinical medicin. So this study was started to look back upon the changes of decocting prescriptions and gave deffort to find out the propriety of variation of boiling prescriptions.The common method of decocting prescriptions in SANGHANRON is boiling down all the herbs at the same time. Except the commom method, there are some kinds of other methods - boiling down twice the prescription, boiling down some special herbs earlier of later than other herbs, complicated or special boiling methods of extract, etc. These kinds of decoting methods simplified as time pass by, but this expected therapeutic value. So we have to distinguish the methods -though complicated and troublesome- in clinical medicine to make perfection more perfect in treating patients, and further studies have to be followed to prove the propriety of these complicated methods.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.431-436
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• 2013

Bone homeostasis is maintained by co-ordination of bone-resorbing osteoclasts and bone-forming osteoblasts. Imbalance between osteoclasts and osteoblasts leads to many bone diseases such as osteoporosis, rheumatoid arthritis. Taxillus chinensis is a herb that has been widely used to improve bone health. However, the effect and mechanism of Taxillus chinensis extract on osteoclast differentiation and bone resportion has been unknown. Thus, We investigated the effect of Taxillus chinensis on expression of receptor activator of nuclear factor-${\kappa}B$ ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption. Also, the action of Taxillus chinensis on mechanisms relating to osteoclast differentiation was studied. In this results, we identified that Taxillus chinensis significantly inhibited RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation and bone resportion. Moreover, Taxillus chinensis was suppressed the activation of NF-${\kappa}B$ in bone marrow macrophage treated RANKL and M-CSF. Taxillus chinensis was down-regulated the mRNA expression of c-Fos, nuclear factor of activated T-cells (NFAT)c1, osteoclast-associated receptor (OSCAR), tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP). The cell adhesion-related molecules such as integrin ${\alpha}v$ and integrin ${\beta}3$, and the filamentous actin (F-actin) rings of mature osteoclasts-related molecules such as dendritic cell-specific transmembrane preotein (DC-STAMP) and cathepsin K are also suppressed. Taken together, these results indicated that Taxillus chinensis will be a good candidate to treat osteoclast-mediated bone diseases.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.750-759
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• 2010

The bioactive materials (phenolic compounds, flavonoids, minerals, decursin and decursinol angelate) and biological activities (DPPH [$\alpha,\alpha$'-diphenyl-$\beta$-picrylhydrazyl] free radical scavenging capability, reducing power, and tyrosinase activity) in the extracts of leaf, stem mixture (AGLS), and root (AGR) from Angelica gigas Nakai were examined by using water, hot water and ethanol solvent. The highest extract yield (21.89%) was found in the water extract of AGR. The highest concentrations of phenolic compounds and flavonoids in the ethanol extracts of AGLS and AGR were 14.99% and 14.79%. Major minerals of AGLS and AGR were K, Mg, Fe, Na and Ca. Decursin and decursinol angelate were the major ingredients of Angelica gigas, detected at 18.71 and 18.89 min of retention time by HPLC analysis, respectively. The highest concentrations of decursin and decursinol angelate in the Angelica gigas ethanol extract were found in root ($41.7\;{\mu}g/g$) and leaf ($34.04\;{\mu}g/g$). The highest free radical scavenging activity was found in the hot water extracts of AGLS and AGR, and its activity was stronger in all extracts of AGLS than AGR. The highest reducing power was found in the ethanol extracts of AGLS and AGR and this was dependent on the sample concentration. The hot water extracts of AGLS and AGR revealed the highest inhibition activity on tyrosinase. Overall, these results may provide the basic data needed to understand the biological activities of bioactive materials derived from Angelica gigas.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.21 no.10
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• pp.1422-1427
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• 2011

This study was performed to develop effective antithrombotic agents from traditional herb extracts. Prunella vulgaris L. has been used traditionally as a medical resource in cancer therapy, as well as treatment of hypertension and inflammation, and as a diuretic. However, the effects of Prunella vulgaris on thrombosis and platelet activation have not been clearly understood. Antithrombotic and antiplatelet activities of oriental medicinal herbs were investigated by evaluating the effect of the aqueous extract from Prunella vulgaris on the blood coagulation, platelet aggregation and fibrinolysis. Prunella vulgaris extracts showed effective anticoagulant activity in coagulation times such as activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) and prothrombin time (PT). Prunella vulgaris also inhibited adenosine diphosphate (ADP)- and collagen-induced platelet aggregation. In addition, evaluation of fibrinolytic activity showed that the Prunella vulgaris extracts have high solubility. From these results, it is suggested that Prunella vulgaris can be a potential candidate for anticoagulants and antiplatelets, as well as fibrinolytic agents.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.44 no.5
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• pp.697-703
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• 2020

Background: GS-3K8 and GINST, both of which are modified ginseng extracts, have never been examined in terms of their effectiveness for the prevention of acute respiratory illness (ARI) in humans. We conducted a pilot study to assess the feasibility of performing a large-scale, randomized, controlled trial. Methods: This study was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, pilot study at a single center from October 2014 to March 2015. The 45 healthy applicants were randomly divided into the GS-3K8 (n = 15), GINST (n = 15), and placebo groups (n = 15). The study drug was administered as a capsule (500 mg/cap and 3000 mg/day). GS-3K8 contained 6.31 mg/g of Rg1, 15.05 mg/g of Re, 30.84 mg/g of Rb1, 15.02 mg/g of Rc, 12.44 mg/g of Rb2, 6.97 mg/g of Rd, 1.59 mg/g of Rg3, 3.25 mg/g of Rk1, and 4.84 mg/g of Rg5. GINST contained 7.54 mg/g of Rg1, 1.87 mg/g of Re, 5.42 mg/g of Rb1, 0.29 mg/g of Rc, 0.36 mg/g of Rb2, 0.70 mg/g of Rd, and 6.3 mg/g of compound K. The feasibility criteria were the rates of recruitment, drug compliance, and successful follow-up. The primary clinical outcome measure was the incidence of ARI. The secondary clinical outcome measures were the duration of symptoms. Results: The rate of recruitment was 11.3 participants per week. The overall rate of completed follow-up was 97.8%. The mean compliance rate was 91.64 ± 9.80%, 95.28 ± 5.75%, and 89.70 ± 8.99% in the GS-3K8, GINST, and placebo groups, respectively. The incidence of ARI was 64.3% (9/14; 95% confidence interval [CI], 31.4-91.1%), 26.7% (4/15; 95% CI, 4.3-49.0%), and 80.0% (12/15; 95% CI, 54.8-93.0%) in the GS-3K8, GINST, and placebo groups, respectively. The average days of symptoms were 3.89 ± 4.65, 9.25 ± 7.63, and 12.25 ± 12.69 in the GS-3K8, GINST, and placebo groups, respectively. Conclusion: The results support the feasibility of a full-scale trial. GS-3K8 and GINST appear to have a positive tendency toward preventing the development of ARI and reducing the symptom duration. A randomized controlled trial is needed to confirm these findings.