• 식물분류학회지
• /
• 제49권3호
• /
• pp.224-239
• /
• 2019

본 연구에서는 DNA 바코드, 즉 엽록체 DNA의 rbcL, matK와 핵 리보솜 DNA의 ITS 염기서열을 이용하여 한국산 도둑놈의갈고리족 식물들의 종 식별을 실시하였다. 총 5개속 25분류군(총 75개체)의 식물에 대한 염기서열이 밝혀졌고, DNA 바코드 구간 조합에 따라 neighbor-joining 계통수들이 작성되었다. 그 결과, 종 식별률은 DNA 바코드 3개의 구간을 모두 사용하였을 때 가장 높게 나타났다(72%). rbcL+matK+ITS 계통수에서 본 족의 두 개의 아족과 다섯 속들은 단계통군으로 유집되었다. 도둑놈의갈고리아족군에서 도둑놈의 갈고리속과 갈고리속이 된장풀속보다 더 가깝게 묶였다. 갈고리속군에서 큰도둑놈의갈고리는 개도둑놈의갈고리 복합체의 자매군으로 형성되었고, 개도둑놈의갈고리의 종내분류군들은 각각 단계통을 형성하였다. 특히 형태적 변이로 인해 도둑놈의갈고리의 변종 또는 개도둑놈의갈고리와의 중간형으로 인식된 바 있는 긴도둑놈의갈고리는 개도둑놈의갈고리와 가장 가깝게 묶였다. 한편 도둑놈의갈고리의 변종이나 이명으로 인식되어온 애기도둑놈의갈고리는 변종으로 판단되었다. 싸리아족군의 경우, 매듭풀속 분류군들은 계통수상에서 각각 단계통으로 지지되었으나, 싸리속의 식물 16분류군 중 9분류군만 종식별이 가능하였다. 특히 싸리속내 땅비수리절보다 싸리절에서 낮은 종판별 해상능이 나타났다(싸리절=28.5%, 비수리절=77.8%). 싸리속 식물 중에 비수리는 계통수상에서 형태적으로 유사한 자주비수리와 확연히 구분되었다. 잡종으로도 인식된 바 있는 해변싸리와 청비수리 중, 해변싸리는 독립종으로 판단되었다. 반면 청비수리는 잡종 여부를 판단할 수는 없었지만, 땅비수리와 근연 관계에 있는 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
• /
• 제9권1호
• /
• pp.55-63
• /
• 2006

This study was carried out to analyze community character and classify forest community with phytosociological method and quadrat method to forest of Mt. Busosan in Buyeo-Gun.1. Communities by phytosociological method were classified into Pinus densiflora community and Quercus sp. community. With the classification of TWINSPAN, the community was categorized into Pinus densiflora - Quercus variabilis community and Pinus densiflora - Styrax japonica community.2. The importance value of Pinus densiflora, Quercus acutissima, Prunus sargentii, Styrax japonica, Quercus serrata, Quercus variabilis, Pinus rigida, Quercus aliena in tree layer were 83.20, 41.87, 30.93, 24.85, 23.27, 20.97, 20.28, and 9.46, respectively. The relative coverage of Stephanandra incisa, Quercus serrata, Styrax japonica, Parthenocissua tricuspidata, Rhododendron mucronulatum, Lindera obtusiloba, Prunus sargentii, Quercus variabilis, Indigofera kirilowii, Quercus acutissima, Lespedeza maximowiczii, and Acer pseudosibolianum in shrub layer were 9.62%, 9.55%, 9.18%, 7.85%, 6.18%, 5.25%, 4.82%, 4.15%, 3.98%, 3.98%, 3.55%, and 2.98%, respectively.3. According to size distribution map of diameter breast height of dominant species, the dominant species of Mt. Busosan was Pinus densiflora, and Quercus sp. such as Quercus acutissima, Quercus variabilis, and Quercus serrata may compete with the Pinus densiflora in the future.4. According to the ordination analysis of Mt. Busosan forest, Pinus densiflora - Styrax japonica community was found in moist site and Pinus densiflora - Quercus variabilis community was found in dry site.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
• /
• 제12권5호
• /
• pp.110-120
• /
• 2009

The hipped roof on the research building, which was constructed 51.9m above sea level on a hillock by Korea National University of Education in June 1999, is composed of four inclined planes which are 12m in breadth, 8m in length and have a 30 degree gradient. For the roof vegetation, the yellow earth collected from around the building was laid on top. It was designed to supply the soil on the slope with water for a considerable period by making rainfall pool at the edges. In order to prevent the soil on the slope from being swept away, 31 sorts of grass seeds were imported from Germany and sown in the soil. At the present day, 10 years after the seeds began to sprout and inhabit the settled slope, 30 individual plant species were identified in the period between April 2008 and March 2009. Out of 31 species were seeded on the slanted, soiled roof, only 8 were still alive. It was confirmed that the Artemisia Princeps var, Chrysantheum, Prunella Vulgaris and Lespedeza Cuneata have been the major species inhabiting the east, west, south and north inclined planes respectively. The Phragmites Communis was inhabiting the edge of the roof where the water supply was adequate, while the Dianthus Barbatus was primarily inhabiting the south-east side of the roof. As a whole, 26 identifiable plants and 4 unidentified plants were observed on the inclined planes of the hipped roof. In consideration of the plant distribution on the slope, it was confirmed that the selection of seeds may have had an effect on the slope vegetation. As for the yellow earth laid on the roof, it was discovered that about 2~3cm thickness around the ridge was swept away, but the rest of the slope was in relatively good condition. Accordingly, it has been proven that vegetations can be applied to hipped roofs by using ordinary plants without any special structural measures.

• 한국습지학회지
• /
• 제17권3호
• /
• pp.273-282
• /
• 2015

본 연구는 RCP 4.5와 RCP 8.5 기후변화 시나리오를 이용하여 서울시 온량지수 변화를 추정하였으며, 이에 따른 적응 가능한 식물종을 제안하였다. 기후변화 시나리오에 따라 서울시의 온량지수 변화의 차이는 있었으나 냉온대 남부림에서 난온대림으로 변화할 것으로 예상된다. 2010년부터 2099년까지 서울시 온량지수 분포변화를 예측한 결과에 따른 적응 가능한 식물종은 교목층에 졸참나무, 굴참나무, 소나무, 상수리나무, 때죽나무, 곰솔 등 6종이었으며, 관목층에는 쥐똥나무, 조록싸리, 개옻나무, 작살나무, 산딸기, 찔레꽃, 초피나무 등 7종이었고, 초본층은 주름조개풀, 고사리, 닭의 장풀 등 3종, 덩굴성식물에는 청미래덩굴, 댕댕이덩굴, 담쟁이덩굴, 인동, 계요등, 노박덩굴, 사위질빵, 멍석딸기, 마, 으름, 마삭줄 등, 등 11종을 포함하여 총 27종이 공통적으로 기후변화 시나리오에 따라 온량지수의 변화에도 적응 가능할 것으로 예상된다.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
• /
• 제19권1호
• /
• pp.55-64
• /
• 1996

This is a report on the recovery of vegetation and secondary succession in the burned area studied from April, 1990 to April. 1991. The forest fire occurred in a part of Mt. $K\v{u}mo-san$ on April, 1986 and the pine forest and its understory vegetation were burned out completely. The floristic compositions of burned (B) and unburned (U) areas were composed of sixty eight and thirty one species (vascular plants), respectively. These species were divided into invaders (47 species), increasers (15 species), deceasers (3 species), neutrals (3 species), and retreaters (10 species) on the basis of summed dominance ratio ($SDR_3$). Biological spectra showed the $H-D_1-R_5-e$ type in both the burned and unburned areas. The species of Lespedeza ($SDR_3$=94.7), Miscanthus (91.95), Festuca (68.33), and Spodiopogon (52.06) were dominant in the burned areas, while the species of Pinus (76.67), Robinia (56.25), Quercus (52.08), and Carex (40.25)were dominant in the unburned area. Dominance index (C) in burned and unburned areas was 0.15 and 0.25, respectively. the index of similarity (CCs) was 0.42. The degree of succession (DS) and species diversity (H) in burned and unburned areas were 675.8, 884.2 and 4.07, 2.05, respectively. The degree of succession in the burned area graduall increased and the burned area was recovered to be simmilar to the unburned area. Evenness index in burned and unburned areas was 0.965 and 0.595, respectively.

• 식물병연구
• /
• 제19권4호
• /
• pp.281-287
• /
• 2013

2006년에서 2007년까지 콩연구센터 육종포장 주변에서 잡초 서식상황을 조사한 결과 31과 74속 96종의 식물이 확인되었다. SYMMV의 자연기주 또는 중간기주를 동정하기 위하여 26과 84종의 식물체가 포함되는 495점의 시료를 RT-PC R로 분석한 결과, 단지 콩과 식물에서(돌콩, 새팥, 토끼풀, 비수리)만 SYMMV가 검출되었다. SYMMV를 가지고 있는 콩과 식물 중에서 분석한 돌콩의 3분의 1이상이 SYMMV를 보독하고 있는 것으로 보아 돌콩은 SYMMV의 감염원으로써 중요한 역할을 담당하는 것으로 생각된다. 돌콩은 SYMMV에 7월 중순경에 감염되는 것으로 추정되었다. 돌콩에서 SYMMV의 빠른 감염시기, 높은 종자감염율 그리고 종자전염과 같은 결과로 볼 때, 돌콩은 SYMMV의 생활사 완성에 큰 역할을 담당하고 있는 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
• /
• 제11권4호
• /
• pp.46-56
• /
• 2008

This study examined the natural restoration of vegetation through monitoring of the development of a vegetation community from 2006 through 2007 after a forest fire. Approximately 5,000 $m^2$ in a forest near Topyeon-ri, Kangnae-myeon, Chungcheongbuk-do with Japanese red pine (Pinus densiflora) forest and its floor vegetation had been completely burned by a fire in April 2005. This area and another nearby Japanese red pine forest were selected as the experiment site and the control site, respectively. Vegetation survey was conducted at the experiment site and the control site. A seed bank experiment was carried out in the greenhouse to examine underground vegetation. Effective microorganism(EM) was applied to the seed bank experiment to estimate its effects on the direction of ecological succession. According to the results, a total of 36 plant species including shrub and herbaceous species were discovered in the experiment site. Quercus serrata, Lespedeza cyrtobotrya, and Castanea crenata, Rubus crataegifolius, Oplismenus undulatifolius, and Carex lanceolata were among the most abundant species. Biomass in the experiment site reached 2.4 times biomass than those in the control site, indicating the productivities of shrub and herbaceous layers are better in the experiment site. According to the result of the soil seed bank experiment of the experiment site, a total of 182 plants of 14 species were recorded. In addition, a total of 13 plants of 2 species were found from soil seed bank of the experiment site applied by EM. If EM is applied to the burned site, it will control the budding of herbaceous plants, creating the gap between herbaceous plants. This loss of competition is expected to help the restoration of trees in the burned area.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
• /
• 제26권1호
• /
• pp.61-66
• /
• 2013

Baculum elongatum has several peculiarities such as parthenogenesis, unique external features, changing body color, and dropping oviposition, which makes it a potential economically useful insect. Oviposition was performed by females without fertilization by the sperm of males. The oviposition period was $42.2{\pm}22.7$ days and the number of eggs per female was $109.5{\pm}70.5$ eggs. The hatch rate was 73.3% at $25^{\circ}C$ and 66.7% after low temperature treatment ($8^{\circ}C$ for 60 days). In nature, B. elongatum overwinters as an egg, but it can be assumed from the results that cold temperatures were not required for hatching. The hatch rate was 98.2% in the treatment using floral foam, fermented sawdust, and leaves. The developmental period was $100.9{\pm}4.2$ days for eggs, $55.3{\pm}4.6$ days for nymphs, and $49.7{\pm}16.0$ days for adults. The length of the eggs was $0.33{\pm}0.0$ cm and the lengths of the nymphs were clearly distinguishable according to the instar stage. Clover(Trifolium repens) was an excellent diet as it was similar to the host plant and could be used as an alternative diet. The rate of reaching adulthood for the insects was 66.7% on an artificial diet containing 25% acacia leaves. For sustainable mass rearing of nymphs or adults of B. elongatum, a natural diet could be used such as acacia (Robinia pseudoacacia), white oak (Quercus aliena), chestnut (Castanea crenata var. dulcis), and bush clover (Lespedeza bicolor), or an alternative diet such as clover or artificial diet.

• Journal of Plant Biology
• /
• 제17권4호
• /
• pp.23-30
• /
• 1974

The relations of the growth responses of plants, i.e. 4 species of crops, 12 species of roadside trees and 5 species of horticultural plants to cadmium (Cd) to which added soil were studied in pot culture. Growth in dry weight of corn, soybean, barley and wheat plant were decreased with increase of Cd concentration. Damage of corn plant caused by Cd treatment was more or less recovered when it was grown in soil with calcium, but that of other three crops was not recovered when it was with calcium. Although crop plants used here absorbed small amount of Cd through root, Cd content in the shoot was directly proportionate to the concentration of Cd treated to soil. Additions of calcium and sulfur to soil were effectively to change of soil pH, and only of calcium increased exchangeable calcium and cation exchange capacity of its soil. The chlorosis on leaves caused by Cd treatment was observed in 2 species such as Euonymus japonica and Rhododendron yedoense out of 5 species of the horticultural plants, especially at 50ppm of Cd concentration, Euonymus japonica occurred symptoms of chlorosis and difoliation, and at the higher concentration than that the symtoms were sever more and more. At 200 ppm of Cd feeble damage was observed in Pinus koraiensis and Ginkgo biloba but severe chlorosis observed in Robinia pseudoacacia and Sabina chinensis, Buxus koreana, Abies holophylla and Platanus orientalis. Nevertheless those plants had serious damage at 200 ppm of Cd, such symptom was weakened by adding calcium to soil with Cd. There were many Cd tolerant species out of the plants used in thies xperiment, such as Crassula falcata, Chrysanthemum morfolium, Hibiscus syriacus, Ligustrum ovalifolium, Liriodendron tulipeferia, Lespedeza crytobotrys.

• 한국환경과학회지
• /
• 제19권11호
• /
• pp.1337-1353
• /
• 2010

This study intended to investigate environmental factors including soil and vegetation in order to understand the environmental and ecological characteristics of 12 different habitats of Iris odaesanensis. These habitats, according to investigations, are mostly located at elevation of 280 m to 1,555 m with angles of inclination ranging from 2 degree to 30 degrees. A total of 273 vascular plants are identified in 23 quadrates of 12 habitats. Dominant species of woody plants in 12 habitats are represented as Quercus mongolica in the tree layer (T1) and the subtree (T2) layer, and Lespedeza maximowiczii, Lindera obtusiloba, Rhododendron schlippenbachii in the shrub (S) layer. The importance value of Iris odaesanensis is 9.65%, as regards the herbaceous layer, and 6 highly ranked species such as Carex siderosticta (3.92%), Meehania urticifolia (2.67%), Spodiopogon cotulifer (2.58%), Aconitum pseudolaeve (2.51%), Carex bostrychostigma (2.28%) and Disporum smilacinum (2.09%) are considered to be an affinity with Iris odaesanensis in their habitats. The degree of their average species diversity is 1.32, and that of dominance and evenness are 0.08 and 0.89, respectively. The type of soil is sandy loam and loam, and the average field capacity of soil is 28.31%. Their average organic matter is 16.71%, soil pH 5.29, and available phosphorus is 9.29%. Correlation coefficients analysis based on environmental factors, vegetation and soil analysis shows that the coverage of Iris odaesanensis is correlated with pH and dominance, and species richness is positive related with species diversity.