• 한국인구학
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.145-179
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• 2002

독일의 가족정책은 집권당이 교체될 때마다 그 당의 정치이념에 따라 정책의 방향과 정책전개수단에 있어서 뚜렷한 변화를 보이면서 발전해 왔고, 각 정당이 추구하는 정책이념은 '가족부(Bundesministerium fuel Familie, Senioren Frauen, Jugend)'라는 가족전담행정부서를 통해 실현되어 왔다. 그러나 정권의 변화로 인한 연방정부의 가족정책의 변화는 당연히 가족부의 집행업무와 정책전개수단에도 지대한 영향을 미쳤고. 가족부의 명칭은 이를 반영하여 여러 번에 걸쳐 교체되어 왔다 이 과정에서 가족부의 정책업무와 구체적인 사업들은 '가족' 또는 '여성과 아동'이라는 정책의 대상집단에 대한 집권당의 이념을 대변하는 도구로 활용되어 왔고. 이는 정책의 목표가 핵가족의 복지향상이 되어야 할 것인지 아니면 개별 가족구성원의 복지에 우위를 두어야 할 것인지에 대한 선택의 문제로 귀결되어 왔다. 이러한 독일 가족정책의 이념적 변천은 아직 가족정책에 대한 방향이 올바르게 설정되어 인지 못하고 정책의 스팩트럼은 잔여적 복지에 머물러 있으며, 정당별 가족정책과 가족전담 중앙행정부서가 존재하지 않는 우리나라의 가족 복지정책에 시사하는 바가 크다

• 한국직업건강간호학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.174-184
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• 2009

Purpose: While there exist a good number of studies on Korean nurses who were dispatched to Germany in 1960s and 1970s in sociological or labor economic perspectives, there have been few studies on their experiences from a nursing perspective. The purpose of this study is to recapture their lives and experiences from a nursing point of view. Methods: This paper adopts an Agar's ethnographic approach which is more suitable to investigate personal qualitative experiences of those Korean nurses. The data were collected from group discussion and individual interview, and field observation with 10 dispatched Korean nurses. Results: The experiences of those dispatched nurses to Germany can be summarized into three themes: challenging to life, embracing new life, and giving a meaning to life. Challenging to life involved 'hope and anxiety', and embracing new life was reflected by 'wonderment and envy' and 'loneliness and sorrow'. Lastly, they took pride in their contributions to their mother country and also felt something lacking that they had not been properly evaluated. Conclusion: By rediscovering their lives and experiences from a nursing perspective, this study argues for more future studies to reexamine their impact and contribution to the nursing field in Korea.

• 한국주거학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국주거학회 2005년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.243-248
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• 2005

As environmental Problems are increasing, many attempts to solve problems and preserve environment are appearing around the world. Not only in construction, but also dwelling life, residents attend many activities to improve environmental problems. Ecological development example of Freiburg in Germany was focused in this study to show the direction of development of environmental friendly housing complex in Korea. The target of study is Vauban Housing Complex of Freiburg in Germany. The study methods are literature study and field trip. Contents of the study include 1) formation process of the complex 2) physical environment of the complex 3) environmental friendly factors of the complex 4) environmental friendly life style of the residents, etc. Result of this study is as follows. Vauban Housing Complex was remodeled from the existed army buildings by residents themselves through education and negotiations. Residents' life satisfaction and housing adaptation level were high on the whole. The principle of the complex formation was use of natural feature itself in maximum against developing in minimum. For instance, construction materials, energy saving, resources saving were planned and used carefully. The residents led community successfully according to environmental friendly life principles. In conclusion, the persistent study on environmental components is necessary that is suitable to Korean situation.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.3-9
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• 2011

In this study, the change of critical elements of the design evaluation was investigated during two decades at the architectural competition which was held nationwide in Germany. Specifically, the periods of investigation span both from July 1989 to June 1990 and from July 2009 to June 2010. The results of the analysis show that the cost of construction, the maintenance cost, the design of facade and the energy conservation are being magnified for the new important elements. The images of buildings and the economic aspects are meant to be high. The frequency of the critical elements for interior spaces is approximately two times more important than those for the forms and outdoor spaces. Overall, many juries of the architectural competition in Germany were interested in the elements for interior spaces. The field of function accounts for roughly the half of four basic architectural fields such as function, others, aesthetic and construction fields. The critical elements are required persistently such as context, Circulation, organization of space, form, landscape and outdoor space design, arrangement of building, cost of construction, function, design of facade, location of main entrance. These items are regarded as the most important elements of the design evaluation at the competition. Knowing the change of critical elements of the design evaluation, we can understand the trend of architecture in Germany. The results of this study can be applied in Korea to develop the critical elements of design.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제28권11호
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• pp.1448-1457
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• 2004

Based upon mail survey method, this empirical research aims to compare the CAD education in four countries in terms of education conditions, education methods, and education performance. Results show that Korea is similar to Japan in many ways, while it differ from U.S.A. or Germany in several respects. Putting less importance in CAD course, Korean professors of CAD were found to be relatively young and deficient of teaching experience and/or industrial experience. And CAD course, which is not compulsory but elective one, is taught in a more crowded (junior) class with less satisfactory hardware and software. In the education goal or contents, the CAD courses in Korea lack real world problems or applications, concentrating less on students-based or problem-based learning methods than Germany or U.S.A.. Consequently, Korean CAD education is outperformed by German or U.S. one in educational performance both in skill improvement and in attitude enhancement.

• 한국직업건강간호학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.58-66
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• 2007

Purpose: A national long-term care system for elderly and the disabled has its unique evolution in each country. Japan, Germany and the United States may be the typical examples of respective social insurance system. This paper reviews the counterpart examples of Japan, Germany and the United States and looks at their accumulated long-term care system experiences and personal care system under workers' compensation. Methods: Literature review and website searching were conducted. Key words as 'workers' compensation insurance', 'personal care benefit' and 'long term care' were used in searching the related literatures. Results: Though the personal care benefit under current Workers'Compensation in Korea is very similar to Japan's, the long-term care system of Korea is not as well established. Germany and the United States have the provision of personal care benefit for injured workers within long term care system. Conclusions: We recommend some key issues to take into account for improving personal care benefit system in workers' compensation in Korea as follows: providing a comprehensive coverage through the linkage of long term care, introducing an assessment & evaluation system for the appropriate benefits, establishing insurer's role for quality management of personal care service, and developing a policy for family caregivers.

• 한국비블리아학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.97-126
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• 2002

신의주를 홍콩과 같은 경제특구로, 개성을 산업단지로 지정하여 서방. 자본주의를 점진적으로 수용할 자세를 취하고 있는 북한의 변화는 매우 급속도로 진행되고 있다. 우리는 김일성의 사망후 갑자기 통일의 기운이 감돌았던 정치적 변화를 잊지 않고 있다. 그러나 지금의 분위기는 그때와는 사뭇 다르고, 그동안 남북한간의 다양한 문화교류도 성사되었다. 분단국가에서 통일을 이룬 독일을 통해 그들이 도서관 문제를 어떻게 풀어나갔는가를 고찰함으로서 우리가 통일을 대비하여 우리의 도서관문제. 특히 공공도서관 문제를 접근하는데 참고가 되고자 함이다. 동독은 그들이 자랑하는 공공도서관시스템이 통일과 함께 와해되는 위기를 맞았고, 서독의 공공도서관시스템으로 흡수되었다. 서로 다른 체제의 공공도서관시스템이 어떻게 조화를 이루어 궁극적인 이용자봉사를 최대화하는가는 우리에게 시사하는 점이 많을 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국지역지리학회지
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.554-567
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• 2004

1980년대 이후 지역지리학에 대한 관심이 새롭게 고조되고 있으며, 이러한 흐름은 지역지리학의 '르네상스'로 일컬어지고 있다. 이런 배경에서 지역지리학을 둘러싼 이론적 논의와 방법론적 쟁점을 비롯한 연구동향을 살펴보는 것은 커다란 학술적 의의를 지닌다고 생각된다. 특히 근대 지리학의 형성과 발달에 지대하게 공헌한 독일 지리학계의 지역지리학을 검토하는 것은 지역지리학의 성립과 발달과정, 그 학문적 성적과 지리학 내에서의 위상, 그리고 시대변화에 따른 지역지리학 연구의 한계와 가능성 등을 종합적으로 평가하고 파악하는데 적잖은 도움을 줄 것이다. 이 글은 제2차 세계대전 이전 독일 지역지리학의 성립과 전개과정, 그리고 이와 결부된 지역지리학의 성격과 이론적 방법론적 쟁점들을 설명하고자 했다. 결론적으로 제2차 세계대전 이전의 독일 지역지리학은 독일 전통 지리학의 중심적 패러다임으로 자리 잡게 되는데, 이는 엄밀한 학문 논리에 기초하기 보다는 지리학적 연구 성과의 대중화라는 성격을 띠는 동시에, 초기의 자연지리학에 기초한 내용구성에서 점차 탈피하여 인문지리학적 접근방법을 강화시켜 나아가 있었다. 이에 제1, 2차 대전 세계대전 사이의 시기는 독일 지지학의 전성기로서 수많은 지지서가 출간되었으나, 다른 한편에서는 헤트너의 지지도식으로 대표되는 전통적 지지서술의 방법론에 대한 비판과 아울러 경관학적 지지가 가시화되고 있었다.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제46권3호
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• pp.127-133
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• 2013

This study investigated the German experience in the transition to a unified health care system and suggests the following implications for Korea. First, Germany could have made use of the unification process better if there had been a good road map. Therefore Korea must develop a well prepared road map that considers all possible situations. Second, Germany saw an opportunity for the improvement of the health care system in the early stage of unification but could not take advantage of it because the situation changed dramatically and they had not sufficiently prepared for it. Korea should take into account the opportunity for improvement of the present health care system, such as the roles of public health and traditional medicine. Thirdly, the conditions f North Korea seem to be far worse than those of former East Germany and also worse than even those of other transition countries. Therefore Korea should design a long-term road map taking as many variables into account as possible, including the different rigid way of thinking and the interrelationship among the social sectors. Fourthly, during the German reunification unexpected factors changed the direction of the events. Korea should have a separate plan for the unexpected factors.

• 한국지역지리학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.147-161
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• 2013

이 연구는 1960~70년대에 걸쳐 구서독에서 추진된 지방 행정구역 개편 배경과 과정 그리고 특성 및 평가를 고찰한 것이다. 독일의 하위 지방 행정구역에 해당하는 게마인데(Gemeinde)와 군(Kreis)과 자치시(Kreisfreie Stadt) 차원의 개편이 대대적으로 추진되었다. 구서독의 지방 행정구역의 개편은 행정개혁의 일환으로, 시대의 제반 요구를 수용하여 거점 도시망의 구성을 통한 소규모 행정구역의 통폐합으로 진행되었다. 구서독의 지방 행정구역 개편은 획일적인 구역설정, 지역 정체성의 혼란, 지방 자치권의 침해, 지역 계획적 관점의 우선 등에서 비판받고 있으나, 공공 행정의 수행 능력이 크게 향상되었으며, 특히 공공 서비스의 공급이 원활해지고 계획 역량이 제고된 것으로 평가받고 있다.