• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.35 no.5
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• pp.74-85
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• 2020

Smart phone zombie or Smombie means pedestrians who walk without attention to their surroundings because they are focused upon their smart phone. Because the traffic accidents and injuries caused by Smombie have been increased rapidly in recent years, the social attention and policies are needed to prevent it. This study was conducted to analyze Smombie's current status and some solutions used before and to propose new improved method through the latest ICT trend. In this study, we did the field survey to check Smombies at several places in Seoul through people counting, and found that a lot of pedestrians still use the smart phone while walking. And we analyzed many case studies about some solutions to prevent Smombies previously. The case studies include legal regulations, government policies, smart phone app services and facilities that are used before. We studied them through internet searches and reference studies and we also checked the current operating situation as visiting several places that the solutions actually has been operated. Therefore, we found there are some limitations in previous solutions in terms of effectiveness and management. To consider new solution that can be expected to overcome the limitations, we analyzed the latest ICT trends focused on features to utilize the Smombie prevention, especially video recognition and digital signage. In these days, video recognition has been developed rapidly with assistance of AI technology and it can recognize the specific pedestrian's characteristics such as holding smart phone as well as hair style, clothes, backpack and etc. On the other hands, the digital signage is the convergence device that includes big display, network connection and various IoT sensors. It can be used as public media in many places for public services as well as advertising. Through these analysis results, we show the requirements and the user scenario for the improved method to prevent Smombie. Finally, we propose to develop R&D technology to recognize Smombie exactly as pedestrian attributes and to spread creative contents to increase pedestrian's interest and engagement for Smombie prevention through digital signage.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.108 no.3
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• pp.341-348
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• 2019

In order to reduce the safety risk of forestry operations, this research was conducted to examine the suitability of chainsaw protective pants after repeated laundering, testing four different products that are currently used in hand-held chainsaw operations. Laundering was repeated 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 times. After washing, we measured the shrinkage ratio of 17 measurement positions mostly affecting the safety of forest operations and suggested the expected safety life cycle of chainsaw protective clothes. The results showed that most of the products have only one measurement position where the standard shrinkage ratio (<6%) was exceeded after 20 washings, and that the lateral direction of measurement positions shrank more than the vertical one. The numbers of repeated launderings and measurement positions were found to be significant factors influencing the shrinkage ratio (p<0.05). In the shrinkage rates for 17 measurement positions, there were significant correlations between five of the measurement positions (a, b, g, j, and n) and the number of repeated launderings (p<0.05). Therefore, the results suggest that about 10 months would be suitable for an adequate safety lifetime for chainsaw protective pants. The relationship between the number of repeated launderings and the measurement positions will be further analyzed in detail to examine the durability of chainsaw protective pants.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.120-134
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• 2007

The usage of basic bodice blocks at men's apparel companies is investigated and the domestic and international men's upper bodice blocks are compared to find directions of research on development of bodice basic blocks. The following conclusions are found in this study. 1. The survey shows that basic bodice blocks are not used at men's apparel companies although all the respondents have good knowledge on bodice basic blocks. They responded that basic bodice blocks for representative body figures of each age category or of each country would help comparative studies on domestic and international basic bodice blocks and development of exporting apparel products. Also, they expected the utilization of men's basic bodice blocks both as education materials and in studies of design, of body figures, and of basic blocks for industry. 2. The comparative study on men's bodice blocks shows that waist circumference, hip circumference, neck circumference, height, and shoulder length, in addition to the minimal essential size items such as chest circumference and center back length, are used in most basic bodice blocks. The size formulae of each basic block are compared to find how the sizes are determined. For center back length, either measured back length or a certain proportion of height is used. For front and back interscyes, chest circumference is used in most basic bodice blocks. Either measured size, or a certain proportion of height or chest circumference is used for back height. The averaged ease allowances of basic bodice blocks are 3.2 cm for chest circumference, 10.8 cm for waist circumference, 1.2 cm for front interscye, 0.1 cm for back interscye, 0.2cm for shoulder length, and 0 cm for center back length. However, body blocks for different types of clothes have different ease allowances. Shirt basic blocks have ease allowances of 6.1 cm for chest circumference, 13.7 cm for waist circumference, 1.4 cm for front interscye, 0.6 cm for back interscye, 1.2 cm for shoulder length, and 1.8 cm for center back length. On the other hand, jacket basic blocks have ease allowances of 8.8 cm for chest circumference, 16 cm for waist circumference, 1.1 cm for front interscye, 1.4 cm for back interscye, 1.1 cm for shoulder length, and 0.8 cm for center back length.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.373-380
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to identify the importance and performance ranking and differences in inflight meal service quality. Data were collected from A airlines passengers. In order to secure the validity and reliability of the measurement tools, exploratory factor analysis were conducted, accordingly meal, service, cleanliness were deduced. IPA results are as follows. First, the quadrant I consisted of meal flavor, meal quality, meal menu, balanced diet, korean food availability, cleanliness of dishes, cleanliness of crew clothes. In the II quadrant, appropriate temperature, appropriateness of meal distribute time, cleanliness of the meal were found. So, the airline managers should have the most interest in these attributes and had to improve first. The quadrant III showed meal quantity, liquor diversity, polite attitude, immediate response to the meal, knowledge of the meal, meal freshness. Lastly, the quadrant IV showed a variety of beverage and special meal order. It is considered that resource allocation is necessary for minimizing the amount of resources invested to the quadrant IV, and then it should be allocated the quadrant II, which is high in importance but low in performance.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.65-81
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• 2009

The purpose of this thesis was to analyze shopping orientations of adolescence and to understand the reasons of their dissatisfactions in purchasing garments at so-called internet malls. This study was to provide basic information helpful in clothing study by finding out dissatisfactory factors of adolescence purchasing clothes through internet malls. This survey was done among 273 students of 3 junior-high schools and 3 high schools within the boundary of Seoul and its suburb area, among which 265 of them were qualified as legitimate survey. The results were as follows. First, the youth shopping trends were divided into the 5 categories according to the basic trends. And the 5 categories were 'Convenience seeking', 'Peer-assimilating', 'Personality/trend worshipping', 'Passive and inactive', and 'Thrifty' The survey represented that girls showed higher garment assimilating rate and made better economic choices than boys did. The survey also showed that the highschool students used internet shopping mall in order to seek better prices. furthermore, the primary targets of the juvenile internet shopping were shoes and garments, which includes both upper and lower clothing. Second, The dissatisfaction factors of internet shopping were the 'Mismatch of the goods in the screen and those of the real life', 'Exchange/Refund', 'Qualify', 'Desigin and color', 'Shipping', and 'Size' in order of biggest to the smallest. The dissatisfaction rate was higher among the groups of 'Thrifty', 'Personality/Trend worshipping', 'Convenience seeking', girls and highschool goers.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.8-14
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• 2017

Died Gardenia jasminoides fruit is used as a dye in the food and clothes industries in Asia. The present study investigated the anti-inflammatory effects of aqueous extract of G. jasminoides fruits (GJ) in BV-2 microglial cells. GJ inhibited lipopolysaccharide-induced nitric oxide (NO) secretion, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression, and reactive oxygen species production, without affecting cell viability. Furthermore, GJ increased the expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, the inhibitory effect of GJ on iNOS expression was abrogated by small interfering RNA-mediated knock-down of HO-1. In addition, GJ induced nuclear translocation of nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), a transcription factor that regulates HO-1 expression. GJ-mediated expression of HO-1 was suppressed by LY294002, a phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI-3K) inhibitor, and SB203580, a p38 kinase inhibitor, but not by the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) inhibitor PD98059 or c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) inhibitor SP600125. GJ also enhanced the phosphorylation of Akt and p38. These results suggest that GJ suppresses the production of NO, a pro-inflammatory mediator, by inducing HO-1 expression via PI-3K/Akt/p38 signaling. These findings illustrate a novel molecular mechanism by which extract from G. jasminoides fruits inhibits neuroinflammation.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.185-204
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to take into consideration the formative and aesthetic characteristics of wedding dresses that existed during the periods of Neo-Classicism and Romanticism which appeared as a reaction toward Neo-Classicism. The method of the research was mainly focused on precedent research data and general references. Furthermore the data on wedding dresses was mainly collected from British, French, and American library and museum web sites. The result of the research is the following. The Neo-Classicism art, which appeared along with the enlightenment in the beginning of the 19th century, pursues beauty based on associations and imitations of ancient Greek and Roman arts. In addition to aforementioned pursuits, the Neo-Classicism art also pursued universal beauty and social usefulness through law and order. This aesthetic value was also applied to the wedding dresses, so classical beauty, natural beauty and universal beauty were expressed as follows: corsets of the previous era were removed from general clothing and Empire style that imitated natural Greek style became predominant. Also, muslin replaced high quality clothes which were used as the main materials of the dressing during the previous era. Empire style's wedding dress became popular and simple colors and styles of the wedding dress expressed the beauty of the human body and emphasized civility at the same time. Romanticism art and costumes opposed rationalism and pursued sentimentalism. Moreover, it pursued diversity, exotic tastes and accepted diverse reactionism unlike Neo-Classicism's simplification and standardization. These aesthetic characteristic were applied to the wedding dress of this period; wedding dress of romanticism pursued feminine and elegant beauty with "X" silhouettes and various decorations, like general costumes. And they were decorated with a variety of excessive accessories, details and trimmings to express romantic sentimentalism. Exotic tastes which included Chinese, Egyptian, Indian influence and other diverse tastes were expressed through hair style, accessories and patterns of shawl. However, the white color in the wedding dress revealed purity and sanctity which cannot be found from general costumes regardless of whether the dress expressed Neo-classicism or Romanticism. As a formal dress worn during wedding ceremonies, the wedding dresses of the royalty revealed dignity and authority and significantly influenced later wedding dress designs.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.41-47
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• 2012

As a core process in the manufacture of state-of-the-art industrial technologies such as semiconductor and LCD, a clean room is the most important process which can affect the performance and quality of products drastically. Nevertheless, scientific research on comprehensive safety measures from a fire protection standpoint is not being carried out in Korea. This study aims to derive measures to improve smoke control systems by identifying performance and problems of smoke systems installed in clean rooms as an LCD manufacturing process and analyzing fire and evacuation simulations considering several scenarios. As a result of analysis of fires and smoke in a clean roomas an LCD manufacturing process, it is found to be necessary to stop air handling units through interlocking in case of a fire and exhaust smoke out of the room through the top of FAB in consideration of buoyancy of smoke. It is also found to be necessary to install quick response sprinkler heads and accessories to accelerate the response time, because the heat-accumulating performance of sprinkler heads decreases in this application. Despite its low density of dwelling due to the automation process, clean room is characterized by an array of complex production equipment and working environment requiring dustproof clothes, which makes it difficult to acquire evacuation safety performance. Thus, thorough control of danger factors in processes and periodic education and training are required. It is also necessary to establish a level of domestic technologies equivalent to the level of standards of advanced countries in fire protection.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.26 no.4 s.44
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• pp.587-598
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• 1993

Hydrofluoric acid is one of the strongest irritating, corrosive and poisonous inorganic chemicals. Hydrofluoric acid burns are occurring with ever-increasing frequency due to the wide use of this acid in industries. Hydrofluoric acid burns are characterized by severe progressive tissue destruction and excruciating pain due to the unique properties of the freely dissolvable fluoride ion. The authors reviewed medical records of 32 cases (36 spells) of hydrofluoric acid burns which occurred in a hydrofluoric acid manufacturing factory from Sep. 1, 1990 to June 30, 1993. The results are as follows; 1. Eleven measurements of air concentrations of hydrofluoric acid by detection tube method from 1990 to 1992 were all below TLV (Department of Labor, R.O. K). 2. There were 19 cases (22 spells) of hydrofluoric acid burns which occurred during the study period among regular employees. The overall incidence density of hydrofluoric acid was 17.8 cases (20.6 spells) per 100 person-year. Incidence density was 19.0 cases (22.0 spells) per 100 person-year among male workers and there were no female cases. Incidence density was 32.9 cases (38.3 spells) per 100 person-year among production workers and 1.9 cases (1.9 spells) per 100 person-years among management workers with the difference being statistically significant (P<0.01). 3. Of 32 cases (36 spells) of hydrofluoric acid burns among workers who were regularly employed or temporarily employed, 26 spells (81.2%) were between age 20 to 39. In 15 spells(41.7%) burns occurred between 12:00 and 17:59 with 16 spells(44.3%) having arrived at hospital within 2 hours after the accident. 4. Of 36 spells, the main cause of hydrofluoric acid burns were by splashes (8 spells, 22.2 %). The most frequent site of burns were fingers and pain was the most frequent symptom. Thirty spells (83.3%) of the hydrofluoric acid burns were treated with local injection of antidote (calcium gluconate). Complete recovery without scarring were observed in most of the cases (34 out of 36 cases, 94.4%). The study results suggest that to prevent hydrofluoric acid burns, environmental control and the wearing of hydrofluoric acid resistant protective clothes and gloves are important. It is also stressed that establishment of an emergency management and a transfer system for hydrofluoric acid burn victims is necessary.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.56-72
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to provide with the useful fundamental data by developing the appearl sizing system according to body types for the Women's Wear Specifications(GB/T 1335.2-1997), National Standards of People's Republic of China. Thus, it was to improve of the garment fit and coverage rate for the apparel production assortment and stock of exporting domestic clothing to China. For this study, 581 female women aged in their twenties who lived in Beijing and Shanghai were selected for the development of the apparel sizing system who resident in Beijing and Shanghai in China. As for the method of this study was made three primary items(length, bust girth, waist girth) and seven secondary items. Data analysis were processed by SPSS WIN 10.0 Program was used. The research selected 3 major body measurements, such as stature, bust girth, waist girth and 7 secondary measurements to investigate the body features of the Chinese adult women. The data throughout the study were analyzed by using SPSS WIN version 10.0 S/W. The result were as follows: The clothes dimensions for upper and lower body and the coverage rate of body size that had the highest appearance ratio from the selected age group in 20's were: Y-type 160-84 155-64(5.9%) and the section 160cm 22.6%, A-type 160-80 160-62(39%) and the section 160cm 27.9%, B-type 155-80 155-66(6.2%) and the section 160cm 24.7%. The representative size codes of the Chinese adult women aged in their 20's were set for representing certain body dimensions such as 150-76A 150-60A(0.0%), 155-80A 155-64A(2.4%), 160-84A 160-68A(3.9%), 165-88A 165-72A(0.3%), 170-92A 170-76A(0.0%). The production coverage rates for the each representative size codes were S size the section 150cm 1.5%, M size the section 155cm 15.3%, L size the section 160cm 36.0%, XL size the section 165cm 29.7%, XXL size the section 170cm 11.4% that covered 93.9%.