• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Embryo Transfer Conference
• /
• 2000.06a
• /
• pp.64-75
• /
• 2000

During the last three decades considerable advances has been made in goat embryo production and transfer technology. The Korean native black goat is the most useful domestic ruminant in this country for biological investigation and application because it has a lot of merits such as relatively short generation period(1 vs 2 year for a cow), easy of handling, well adaptation, high fertility, convenient and inexpensive. This article covers the methods of superovulation, estrus synchronization, embryo collection and transfer techniques, pregnancy diagnosis and subsequent pregnancy and kidding rates for the production of transgenic Korean native black goats. More than one hundred goat kids have been produced as a result of our transgenic goat project via microinjection of foreign gene into pronuclei, in vitro culture, transfer of various stages of fresh and frozen-thawed microinjected embryos into oviducts or uteri of recipient does. We have got two transgenic goats carrying a transgene targeting the expression of recombinant human granulocyte colony stimulating factor(hG-CSF) to the mammary gland so far. Since collection and transfer of embryos in this species is usually accomplished by laparotomy, exteriorization of the reproductive tract for surgical embryo collection leads to the formation of post-operative adhesions. Nonsurgical or laparoscopic technique to reduce adhesions from repeated surgeries has great advantages in improving embryo production and transfer especially from valuable donors. We will discuss this later.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
• /
• v.56 no.4
• /
• pp.249-254
• /
• 2016

As the meat of black goats has become popular as a healthy food, domestic goat meat-related industries are steadily growing. However, previous studies are scarce of informations about the zoonotic disease originated from the black goat in Korea. In this study, we investigated Korean black goat's infectious diseases representing bovine tuberculosis, brucellosis, and Q fever. One hundred and eighty samples were collected from a local slaughter house located in Jeollanam-do. Three typical zoonotic diseases were separately examined by carrying out enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Histopathological test was additionally performed in tuberculosis. In case of tuberculosis, results of the PCR and histopathological test were negative but the ELISA results were positive in eight samples. In case of brucellosis, one out of the total samples was shown to be positive in the ELISA and none in the PCR. In case of Q fever, there were forty one positive in the ELISA and twenty positive in the real-time PCR. Those results indicate that the Korean black goat could be a natural reservoir in the possible chain-infections among human, cows and goats. Thus, further study needs in order to improve productivity as well as to prevent the zoonosis spreading and circulation of other livestock with the black goat in this country.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
• /
• v.44 no.3
• /
• pp.635-650
• /
• 2024

In this study, we analyzed the physicochemical and sensory properties of black goat jerky marinated with various spices (non-spice, control; rosemary, RO; basil, BA; ginger, GI; turmeric, TU; and garlic, GA). The physicochemical properties of black goat jerky analyzed were pH, water holding capacity, color, cooking yield, shear force, and fatty acid composition. The sensory characteristics were analyzed through the aroma profile (electronic nose), taste profile (electronic tongue), and sensory evaluation. The pH and water holding capacity of the GI showed higher values than the other samples. GI and GA showed similar values of CIE L^* and CIE a^* to that of the control. The shear force of the GI and TU was significantly lower than that of other samples (p<0.05). Regarding fatty acid composition, GI showed high unsaturated and low saturated fatty acid contents compared with that of the other samples except for RO (p<0.05). In the aroma profile, the peak area of hexanal, which is responsible for a faintly rancid odor, was lower in all treatment groups than in the control. In the taste profile, the umami of spice samples was higher than that of the control, and among the samples, GI had the highest score. In the sensory evaluation, the GI sample showed significantly higher scores than the control in terms of flavor, aroma, goaty flavor, and overall acceptability (p<0.05). Therefore, marinating black goat jerky with ginger powder enhanced the overall flavor and reduced the goat odor.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
• /
• v.22 no.4
• /
• pp.301-309
• /
• 2002

This study was carried out to develop the breed-specific DNA markers for breed identification of Korean native goat meat using amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP)-PCR techniques. The genomic DNAs of Korean native goat, imported black goat and four dairy goat breeds(Saanen, Alpine, Nubian and Toggenburg) were extracted from muscle tissues or blood. Genomic DNA was digested with a particular combination of two restriction enzymes with 4 base(Mse I and Taq I) and 6 base(EcoR I and Hind III) recognition sites, ligated to restriction specific adapters and amplified using the selective primer combinations. In AFLP profiles of polyacrylamide gels, the number of scorable bands produced per primer combination varied from 36 to 74, with an average of 55.5. A total of 555 bands were produced, 149(26.8%) bands of which were polymorphic. Among the ten primer combinations, two bands with 2.01 and 1.26 kb in M13/H13 primer and one band with 1.65 kb in E35/H14 primer were found to be breed-specific AFLP markers in Korean native goat when DNA bands were compared among the goat breeds. In the E35/H14 primer combination, 2.19, 2.03, 0.96 and 0.87 kb bands detected in imported black goat, 2.13 kb band in Saanen breed and 2.08 kb band in Nubian breed were observed as breed-specific bands showing differences between goat breeds, respectively. The E35/H14 primer combination produced four DNA bands distinguished between Korean native goat and Saanen breed. The is study suggested that the breed specific AFLP bands could be used as DNA markers for the identification of Korean native goat meat from imported black goat and dairy goat meats.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
• /
• v.44 no.2
• /
• pp.483-497
• /
• 2024

This study investigated the effects of ultra-ground seaweed powders (USP) on the physicochemical properties (proximate composition, mineral contents, pH, color, shear force, sensory evaluation, electronic nose, and electronic tongue) of restructured black goat jerky. Restructured black goat jerky was prepared using three different treatments, i.e., 3% (w/w) each of ultra-ground sea tangle (ST; Undaria pinnatifida), sea mustard (SM; Saccharina japonica), and sea string (SS; Gracilaria verrucosa) powders. Moisture and ash contents were significantly higher in the USP-treated group than in the control (p<0.05). Potassium, calcium, and zinc contents were significantly higher in the SM than in the other USP-treated groups (p<0.05). In contrast, pH values were significantly higher in the ST and SM than in the control and SS (p<0.05). CIE L^*, CIE a^*, CIE b^*, and shear force were significantly lower in the USP-treated groups than in the control (p<0.05). Sensory evaluation revealed no significant difference in taste, texture, seaweed-like odor, and goaty flavor (p<0.05). Principal component analysis (PCA) and peak graph analysis of the electronic nose showed that the SS differed the most from the control compared with the other USP-treated groups, owing to the seaweed odor of ultra-ground SS powder. The PCA and ranking analysis of the electronic tongue showed that the umami taste of the SM was higher than that of the control and other USP-treated groups. Therefore, the potassium, calcium, zinc contents, and umami taste of reconstituted black goat jerky were significantly higher in the SM than in the control and other USP-treated groups.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
• /
• v.37 no.6
• /
• pp.948-954
• /
• 2017

The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between muscle fiber characteristics and fatty acid composition of four major muscles in Korean native black goat (KNBG). Longissimus lumborum (LL), psoas major (PM), semimembranosus (SM), and gluteus medius (GM) were obtained from five male KNBGs of 36 mon of age and subjected to histochemical analysis and to determine fatty acid composition and meat quality traits. There were significant (p<0.05) differences in fiber number percentage (FNP) and fiber area percentage (FAP) of fiber types among these four muscles. PM had the highest FNP of type I and the lowest FNP of type IIB, while SM had the highest FNP of type IIB. The highest fat content was observed in LL while SM had the lowest fat content. The proportions of SFA and MUFA were significantly (p<0.05) different among four muscles due to differences in the majority of fatty acids such as oleic (C18:1) and palmitic (C16:0) acids. The PUFA/SFA ratio was significantly (p<0.05) different among four muscles, and the highest PUFA/SFA ratio was observed in PM. Results suggested that LL and PM might be healthful because of higher desirable fatty acid value and PUFA/SFA ratio, respectively. Also, data showed that correlations between muscle fiber types and fatty acids proportion of goat muscles were reversed with those of cattle muscles.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
• /
• v.6 no.2
• /
• pp.319-327
• /
• 1989

In order to study the effects of neomycin sulfate on the kidney of Korean black goats after dosing at 36mg/kg(A group) or 18mg/kg of body weight (B group) twice a day, serum chemical values(BUN, SCr), urinary enzyme(GGT) excretion and urinary analysis were checked and renal lesions were observed by light microscope. The proteinuria and granular casts were observed on the 5-6th day and 7th day of treatment with neomycin respectively in the A group. While these changes were observed on the 4th day and the 6th day respectively in one goat of the B group. Urinary GGT excretion began to increase from the 9th day and reached to maximum concentration on the 15th day of treatment with neomycin in the A group. Thereafter, GGT excretion began to decrease and reach to normal level on the 21th day. But GGT excretion increased on the 9th day in only one goat of the B group. Concentrations of BUN and SCr increased on the 12th day in the A group and in one goat of B group. The kidneys were swollen gross pathologically and the renal tubular epithelial cell changes were noticed histologically in the A group and in one goat of the B group. These changes were included degeneration with hyaline droplet formation, flattened epithelial cells and necrotic epithelium. Granular casts were showed in many tubular lumens. Prfesent results indicated that nephrotoxicosis would not occured in Korean black goats dosing with neomycin sulfate less that 36mg/kg of body weight a day.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
• /
• v.40 no.4
• /
• pp.277-280
• /
• 2017

A 3 year-old black goat was presented to Animal and Plant Quarantine agency for diagnosis in June, 2017. She was intaken feed with Rhododendron schlippenbachii the day before death. The clinical signs included loss of appetite, lethargy, hypersalivation, astasia, yelling. At necropsy, foamy discharge were observed in the airway. Histologically, foreign body, eosinphil and macrophges was observed in alveolar lumen of lung. Grayanotoxin derived from Rhododendrons was detected in ruminal contents. Based on the pathological and toxine examination, we diagnosed this case as grayanotoxin poisoning in a black goat.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
• /
• v.38 no.5
• /
• pp.1092-1100
• /
• 2018

The aim of this study was to determine meat quality characteristics and fatty acid composition of Korean native black goats (KNBG) finished on intensive feeding of alfalfa (ALF) and conventional feeding of commercial concentrate pellets (CCP) with low-energy common grasses. Ten KNBG (12 months old) were divided into two groups and subjected to either ALF or CCP treatments. The goats were slaughtered after 6 months of feeding with experimental diets to investigate meat quality characteristics and fatty acid compositions of longissimus lumborum muscle. There were no significant differences in proximate chemical composition, collagen, or myoglobin content between ALF and CCP groups of goats. Meat color, water-holding capacity, or tenderness was not significantly different between the two groups either. However, proportions of monounsaturated fatty acids and polyunsaturated fatty acids were significantly (p<0.05) different between the two groups. The proportion of oleic acid was significantly (p<0.05) higher in ALF goat whereas proportion of linoleic and arachidonic acids were significantly (p<0.05) higher in CCP goat. Results suggest that KNBG finished with intensive feeding of alfalfa could produce goat meat with desirable fatty acids for human diets.

• Journal of Embryo Transfer
• /
• v.30 no.3
• /
• pp.171-174
• /
• 2015

Four pluriparous Korean black goat does were superovulated with FSH and mated with fertile bucks. Anesthetized animals were placed in lateral recumbency, then size 8 Foley catheter was inserted into the uterus through the cervix under the vaginal speculum and the balloon was inflated to fix the catheter in the uterine body. The opposite end of the catheter was connected to a 3-way and a flushing medium was infused into the uterus. Modified Dubecco's PBS with 1% FBS was used as the flushing medium. Four goats were allocated in two groups depending on the type of medium infusion into uterus. Injection group; the flushing medium was injected into uterus and the infused medium was collected by to-and-fro method using a syringe. Gravity-flow group; the flushing medium was allowed to enter the uterus by gravity flow by lifting the medium bottle and drained out of the uterus into a collecting tube. All four goats had catheter inserted through the cervix and uteri flushed successfully. The volume (recovery rate) of recovered medium varied considerably from 87 ml/200 ml (43.5%) to 148 ml/160 ml (92.5%). Nine embryos/ova in total were recovered from Gravity-flow group goats. Although the embryo recovery rate was low, the possibility of a transcervical embryo recovery in Korean black goat had been proven in this preliminary experiment.