• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제46권1호
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• pp.107-113
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• 2018

본 연구에서는 대표적인 친환경 소재인 바이오복합재료(bio-composite)를 이용한 3D 프린터 필라멘트를 제작하였다. 바이오복합재료의 제조를 위해 매트릭스로는 생분해성 고분자인 poly lactic acid (PLA)를 그리고 충전제로는 대나무 분말(Bamboo flour)을 사용하였다. 대나무는 담양에서 생산되는 왕대, 솜대, 죽순대를 이용하였으며, 대나무 분말과 PLA의 혼합비율은 중량기준 10/90, 20/80, 30/70으로 설정하였다. 3개 죽종으로 제조한 대나무/PLA 바이오복합재료의 기본물성 평가를 위해 인장강도를 비교하였다. 그 결과, 왕대 분말/PLA의 비율이 10/90일 때의 인장강도가 7.12 MPa로 가장 높게 나타남으로써 3D 프린터 필라멘트 제작용 대나무/PLA 바이오복합재료로 가장 적합한 것으로 판단되었으며, 현미경 관찰 결과, 죽분의 함량을 더욱 낮춘 필라멘트를 제작할 필요성이 있다고 판단된다.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.113-124
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• 1999

The purpose of this study is to search into the relation between the chinese seclusion culture and the gentleman's gardens by means of the historical and aesthetic approach. The periodic limits of this study is from pre-Qin to Tand. For gentleman's gardens in Tang dynasty at once got out of the noble's gardens which had imitated the imperial gardens until Tang, and became the origin of the gardens of the literati appearing in post-Tang dynasty. The major findings are as follows : First, in pre-Qin period, the origin of the seclusion culture is classified as the metaphysical seclusion of Taoism and the physical seclusion of Confucianism. Although Pu, Yuan, and Uou which could be said the first step of the chinese gardens were inquired, the clear relation between the seclusion and them is not found. Second, during Qin-Han dynasty, the role of the gardens, as the settings of the seclusion, are comparatively minor, too. But uan Kuang-Han's garden considerably escaped from that of pre-Qin in the aspect of function, and it has the characteristics of recreation. Third, during Wei-Chin and Liu dynasty, two types of the seclusions emerged. One is the small seclusion, and the other the Great Seclusion. Though, as formerly, the contemporary gardens did not escaped from the imperial gardens, Shi Chong's garden can be the setting of the Court Seclusion. But the seven Righteous in Bamboos' and Tao Yuan-Ming's settings of the seclusion were real natural environments rather than gardens. Forth, in Tang dynasty, in spite of relatively low status, Bai Ju-Yi's theory of the middle Seclusion enabled gentlemen to make seclusion in sinecures unlike the court Seclusion. The theoretical background of the Middle Seclusion was Zen Buddhism and the State Examinations System and Bai Ju-Yi's private social position also had an important effect on it. In Tang dynasty, there being nobiliary gentleman's gardens, Bai Ju-Yi's garden, Lushan Caotangyuan, was the setting of the Middle Seclusion. It can be called a real gentleman's garden, for it is simple and small unlike the imperial gardens or the nobiliary gentleman's gardens.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.105-110
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• 2008

대나무수액의 자유라디칼 소거능을 측정하기 위하여 DPPH를 이용한 자유 라디칼 소거능 실험을 수행하여 항산화 효과를 측정한 결과 대나무수액의 농도가 높을수록 DPPH 활성이 뛰어남을 알 수 있었고, ROS를 이용하여 항산화효과를 확인하였다. 배양된 대식세포에 대나무수액을 농도별로 첨가한 결과 대나무수액 농토가 높을수록 과산화수소에 의해 유도된 산화적 자극이 감소하였다. 또한 세포 생존에 미치는 영향을 알고자 대나무수액을 농도별로 첨가하여 24시간 후 세포의 형태변화를 HIT assay로 실시한 결과 산화적 자극에 의해 발생한 세포손상이 대나무수액의 농도가 높아질수록 감소하는 것이 확인되었다. Ascorbic acid는 $H_2O_2$에 의해 야기되는 세포독성을 억제해 주는 효과가 10 %로 우수하게 나타났고 대나무수액 역시 고농도에서 27 %의 세포손상 방지효과가 우수하였다. 따라서 대나무수액은 안전하고 독성이 전혀 없는 천연 항산화제로서의 가능성을 보였다.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제47권1호
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• pp.27-36
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• 1980

필자(筆者)는 대나무류중(類中) Sasa 류(類)의 내부조직(內部組織)에 의(依)한 보다 더 용이(容易)하고 확실(確實)한 유별체계(類別體系)를 정립(定立)할 목적(目的)으로 전보(前報)에 단속(繼續)하여 더 많은 종류(種類)를 재료(材料)로 하여 죽간(竹稈)의 간벽(稈壁) 횡단면(橫斷面)에 보이는 유관속초(維管束鞘)의 모양(模樣)을 조사(調査) 관찰(觀察)하여 다음과 같은 결과(結果)를 얻었다. 1. 평지(平地)에 있어서도 간벽(稈壁)의 두께는 상(上), 하부(下部) 간(間)에 차이(差異)가 없었다. 2. a와 a' 형(型)은 있었으나 e'-f-g-h-i형(型)은 없었다. 3. b, c, d, e, g형(型)과 d, e형(型)은 모두 다 있었고 b, c, g형(型)은 없는 것도 있었다. 4. 이상(以上)과 같은 결과(結果)는 앞으로 Sasa류(類)를 보다 더 능률적(能率的)으로 식별(識別)하는데에 기여(寄與)될 수 있는 좋은 추가(追加) 재료(材料)가 되리라고 생각한다.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.47-56
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• 1977

I have investigated and compared the morphology of vascular bundle shown in the section of culm wall of bamboo trees growing on Mt. Jiri which were classified by Grosser and Liese with their methods of morphological classification. The results obtained were as follows: 1. It was shown that there are no b.g.i. types of bamboo classified by Grosser and Liese among the bamboo trees on Mt. Jiri (Phyllostachys and Sasa). 2. As for the thickness of the culm wall in the culm, it was shown that the culm wall of the Phyllostachys becomes thinner in proportion to its nearness to the upper part of the tree, but no distinctive difference appeared in the Sasa. 3. The c, d, and e types of Sasa were the same as those of the Phyllostachys, but there was a vascular bundle type of the a' type, which was quite different from that of the Phyllostachys. 4. It was shown that the a', d, and e types of Sasa were distributed in a zone less than 500m above sea level, but no a' type was distributed in the high mountain area except for the c, d and e types which ranged from 600m to 1000m above sea level. Such facts mean that the vascular bundle sheath has changed in quantity because of the height of mountain. 5. In general, as compared with the Phyllostachys, the Sasa (types a, c, d and e which included a new type a) have fewer vascular bundles. 6. Considering the above results, it is thought that not by the current Sasa classification method based on observation of the the study of Sasa form the outside, but by a new method of classification based on the aspect of the physiological construction as seen from the inside wall is advanced. I believe this new method of classification to be a first step towards an epoch-making methodological advance and encourage the further study of it.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.308-316
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• 2018

Background: Genus Sasa, dwarf bamboos, are considered to be species that lower biodiversity in the temperate forests of East Asia. Although they have a long interval, they, the monocarpic species, have a unique characteristic of large-scale synchronized flowering. Therefore, once they have flowered and then declined, it may be an opportunity for suppressed surrounding species. A previous study reported that Sasa borealis showed specialized flowering nationwide with a peak in 2015. However, this was based on data from a social network service and field survey at Mt. Jeombong. Therefore, we investigated S. borealis in the forests of five national parks in order to determine whether this rare synchronized flowering occurred nationwide, as well as its spatial distribution. Results: We found a total of 436 patches under the closed canopy of Quercus mongolica-dominated deciduous forests in the surveyed transects from the five national parks. Of these patches, 75% occupied a whole slope area, resulting in an enormous area. The patch area tended to be larger in the southern parks. Half (219 patches) of the patches flowered massively. Among them, 76% bloomed in 2015, which was consistent with the results of the previous report. The flowering rate varied from park to park with that of Mt. Seorak being the highest. The culms of the flowering patches were significantly taller (F = 93.640, p < 0.000) and thicker (F = 61.172, p < 0.000). Following the event, the culms of the flowering patches declined, providing a good opportunity for the suppressed plant species. The concurrent massive flowering of the mature patches was believed to be triggered by some stress such as a spring drought. Conclusion: We confirmed that the rare synchronized flowering of S. borealis occurred with a peak in 2015 nationwide. In addition, we explored that S. borealis not only monopolized an enormous area, but also dominated the floors of the late-successional Q. mongolica-dominated deciduous forests. This presents a major problem for Korean forests. As it declined simultaneously after flowering, there are both possibilities of forest regeneration or resettlement of S. borealis by massively produced seeds.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제35권6호
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• pp.1226-1232
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• 2003

국내산 대나무 다섯 종의 줄기와 잎을 열수 및 70% 에탄올로 추출하여 이들의 항산화 효과를 TEAC법을 이용하여 측정한 결과 다섯 종의 대나무 모두 높은 항산화 효과를 보였으나 왕대>조릿대>솜대>맹종죽>오죽의 순으로 TE 값이 높게 나타났다. 줄기와 잎을 비교하였을 때 잎 보다 줄기의 항산화 효과가 높았으며 열수 추출물에서의 항산화능이 70% 에탄올 추출물에서 보다 큰 것으로 나타났다. 한편, 왕대 70% 에탄올 추출물을 용매 극성별로 분획하여 항산화 효과를 측정한 결과 디클로로메탄>에틸아세테이트>부탄올>물>핵산의 순으로 TE 값이 높았는데 특히, 디클로로메탄층의 TE 값은 1.713으로서 다른 식물성 추출물 보다 월등히 높은 것으로 나타났다. DPPH를 이용하여 유리기 소거 효과를 측정한 결과와 nitrite 소거 활성을 측정한 결과도 항산화 효과와 같은 경향을 나타내어서 줄기가 잎보다 높은 소거 활성을 나타내었으며 왕대 용매별 분획물의 활성은 디클로로메탄층에서 가장 높았다. 대나무 열수 추출물의 높은 항산화 효과, 유리기소거 효과 및 nitrite 소거 효과는 메일라드 반응 생성물과 관련이 있을 것으로 여겨져 환원당 함량을 측정한 결과 70% 에탄올 추출물보다는 열수 추출물에서 높게 나타났으며 특히, 왕대 열수 추출물의 환원당 함량이 가장 높았고 조릿대>맹종죽>오죽>솜대의 순이었으며 420nm에서의 갈색도도 이와 같은 경향을 나타내었으며 높은 상관관계를 나타내었다. 따라서, 당 함량이 높은 식물 추출물의 항산화 효과, 유리기 및 nitrite 소거 활성 검정에는 메일라드 반응에 의한 효과가 부가되는 것으로 나타났다.cetone 추출물 200ppm에서 98.19%의 강한 저해효과를 나타내었다.9mg$의 함량으로 S3(279.29mg), S1(188.23mg), S2(180.52mg), S6(179,60mg)의 순으로서 S3(한국하), S1(한국상), S2(한국중)의 순으로 높게 나타났고 한국 말차가 Ca 함량이 더 높았다. Mg의 경우는 시료 100g당 $346.63{\sim}590.03mg$로 S3(590.03mg), S4(530.00mg), S2는 346.63 mg으로 매우 낮은 수치를 나타내었다. P의 함량은 S4 (398.47mg), S5(373.90mg), S6(371.55mg), S2(355.40mg), S1(346.66mg), S3(237.38mg)의 순으로서 $237.38{\sim}398.47mg$의 분포를 보여 S4(일본 상), S5(일본 중)의 순서로 높게 나타났다. Na은 $141.78{\sim}231.54mg/100g$로서 S2(231.54mg), S1(292.95mg), S5(191.31mg)로 의 순으로 한국산 말차에 함량이 높았고, K은 $1,357.70{\sim}2,716.12mg/100g$으로 S4(2,716.12mg), S5(2,254.20mg), S6(2,221.45mg), S1(2,148.16mg), S2(1,842.36mg), S3(1,357.70mg)의 순으로 일본산이 훨씬 높은 함량을 나타내었으며, Fe함량은 $17.60{\sim}24.34\;mg/100g$으로서 S6 (24.34mg), S5(21.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.13-21
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• 2002

This study analyzed the characteristic of basic river structure, a flood level, the tree planting recommendation and syn thetic design, in order to establish a basic plan for preparing a natural practical area of environmental ecosystem at Bukchun and its surroundings. It was also investigated based on the opinion of citizens, geographical condition and the equipment/utilization examination of Bukchun which were included ecological circumstances, and thus provided a composite item for managing the natural river. This study also considered the development of the river in terms of culture, environment and ecology concept. The results were summarized as followed. Bukchun showed that the speed of a funning fluid is very fast on a period of flood. but very slow in a period of water shortage about 0.02 m/s. To prevent the speed change of a running fluid by a steep slope in a riverbed, there established Dongchun sluice gates under a bridge, including three sluice gates under a bridge, but there occurred extremely a riverbed erosion and corrosion section. The result of comparison between real flood degree and prediction flood data, there should perform a countermeasure the riverbed structure regulation of this area. Also, it was needed an exhaustive flood management in summer. According to the Bukchun and Hyungsangang riverbed investigation, there were needed preparation for natural/practical area and ecology Park development in the future. This study was investigated tree Planting/flower/blossom around the Bukchun and its surroundings. It was recommended willow, Italian poplar, bamboos and cherry blossoms in the Hyungsangang and Bukchun. There exist together historical space, environment space iud have enough possibility both natural learning space and civil rest space. And, it is possible to compose ecology natural learning and experimental area.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.13-16
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• 1962

Without annual ring, the bamboo can not measured by ordinary mensuration method. Other methods yet tried failed to prove the reliability. That means, as often pointed out, that the bamboo lumbering (including forest management) is not free from being precarious. Noting the fact, this author performed a serieds of comparative observations on a group of bamboos in different stages of growth in order to find out if there is any surer mensurability. A conclusion has been reached that the external feature of joints of branch has close connection with the age of bamboo, that the joints of the third major branch counting from the ground have, as shown in the first table, the most probability, its mean being 94.3 per cent, and that those in ages of 3 to 5 have the probability of 100 per cent, showing the far greater accuracy as compared with those in older ages. The above conclusion needs to be adjusted with the following findings; 1) When observed disregarding the joint-tongue(the remainder of the preceeding year's sheath), the major branches show no better probability than the minor ones. 54 to 78 per cent of them shows no difference between them. Probability is averaged by 60 per cent. 2) When in spring the old sheaths drop away from the joints, the new ones sprout out in their places and consequently the joints present an appearance of a kind of joint-ring. But since this joint-ring does not always exactly represent the plant age, some other method must be sought after to count the age. This author noticed what is called "joint-tongue" the tongue-like part of triangle shape which remains at the base of the sheath of the fallen leaf. A fact was ascertained that when the number of the joint-ring coincides with that of the remaining joint-tongue, it exactly indicates the age of the plant.the plant.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제46권1호
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• pp.29-37
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• 2018

본 연구에서는 주요 바이오매스 자원의 하나인 대나무의 효율적 활용을 위한 기초자료를 수집하기 위하여, 국내산 대나무 3종(맹종죽, 솜대 및 왕대)의 해부학적 특성을 광학현미경 및 주사전자현미경으로 비교 분석하였다. 또한 X선 회절법에 의해 셀룰로오스의 결정특성을 분석하였다. 횡단면 관찰 결과, 3종 모두 유관속 I형으로 종간 동일한 형태를 보였다. 또한 횡단면의 내측부에서 외측부로 갈수록 유관속의 출현빈도가 더 높았고, 유관속을 둘러싸고 있는 유관속초의 비율도 커졌다. 구성세포 치수 측정 결과, 섬유길이는 모든 종에서 외측부의 값이 내측부의 값보다 컸으며, 내측부와 외측부 모두 왕대의 섬유길이가 가장 길었다. 섬유길이의 유의성 검정 결과 3종 모두 내측부와 외측부간에 유의성이 나타났다. 횡단면에서 측정한 도관 직경 및 유세포 직경은 맹종죽의 값이 가장 컸으며, 방사 및 접선단면에서 측정한 유세포 길이 및 폭은 맹종죽과 왕대가 유사한 값을 나타냈고, 솜대가 가장 작았다. 셀룰로오스의 결정특성 분석 결과 상대결정화도 및 결정 폭은 외측부가 내측부에 비해 다소 높았으며, 왕대의 상대결정화도 및 결정 폭이 다른 2종에 비해 다소 높았다.