• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.85-100
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• 2020

Eating alone has recently become a very common dietary pattern in modern society. This study investigated the relationship between the frequency of eating alone and health related issues including chronic diseases, depression, and the quality of life (QOL). The 2016 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey provided the basic data for this study. According to the general analysis of 4,910 adults aged over 19 years or older, the average age in the 'eating alone' group was significantly higher (P<0.001), and the ratio of single-person households was significantly higher as the number of times of eating alone increased (P<0.001). Analysis of the relationship between the risk factors of metabolic syndrome according to the number of times eating alone, using logistic regression analysis, showed that the odds ratio of metabolic syndrome in the 'two times eating alone a day' group was approximately 1.3 times higher (OR=1.275) after being corrected for gender, age and energy intake. For the 'three times eating alone a day' group, the metabolic syndrome odds ratio was higher in all models except for model 1 and 5 (P for trend<0.05). The prevalence of depression using patient health questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) was higher as the number of eating alone increased, and the QOL was inversly related with the number of meals eating alone (P for trend<0.01). We hope the results of this study will raise awareness of the health of those people who eat alone and lay the groundwork for individuals who eat alone and gain social attention.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.297-306
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• 2023

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The prevalence of diabetes has continued to increase globally. Changes in eating habits, lack of exercise, increased stress, and aging are major contributors. Glycemic control is the key strategy of diabetes management. The purpose of this study was to analyze the utilization of nutrition labels and related factors among patients with diabetes. MATERIALS/METHODS: Data from the 7th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were used. General, health-related, diabetes-related characteristics from 1,587 adults with diabetes history were included. Nutrition label utilization was assessed with awareness and use of nutrition labels and effects on food choice. For statistical analyses, chi-square test and multiple logistic regression analysis were performed. RESULTS: The prevalence of awareness, use, and effects of nutrition labels on food choice among diabetic patients were 48.8%, 11.4%, and 9.6%, respectively. High monthly income, walking frequency, family history of diabetes, younger age at diagnosis, and shorter duration of diabetes were associated with higher nutrition label awareness. Nutrition label use and effect on food choice were higher in women, those with high monthly income, those diagnosed at younger than 45 yrs, those with diabetes for less than 10 yrs, those with meal therapy, or patients who had undergone a fundus examination. CONCLUSIONS: Nutrition label utilization status was low in Korean patients with diabetes. Strategies are needed to promote nutrition label use as a diet management tool for patients with diabetes.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.293-302
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• 2014

Objectives : The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between the status and necessity of dental prosthesis and mastication function in the Korean elderly. Methods : This study investigated 4,557 elderly people aged over 65 in the 5th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey(2010-2012). Frequency analysis, ${\chi}^2$ test, and logistic regression analysis were used. Results : Those aged over 75 complained of greater discomfort in mastication function than those from 65 to 74, and it was statistically significant(p<0.001). Mastication discomfort was not so significant in those with higher education and higher income(p<0.001). Those who did not use prosthesis tended to have better mastication function(p<0.001). Denture users complained of mastication discomfort when they used it(p<0.001). Conclusions : This study verified the relationship between the discomfort in mastication and related factors, and will provide the basic data for the access to dental clinic services.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.286-294
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• 2009

This study aimed to identify risk factors for type 2 diabetes (T2D) in Korea, a rapidly changing country. Data of 5,132 adults aged 20-85 were used from the 2001 Korean Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Multiple logistic regression was carried out to identify risk factors for T2D. Three models were specified: (i) socioeconomic and demographic factors (model 1: age, gender, education, poverty income ratio, employment), (ii) behavioral risk factors and covariates (model 2: obesity, physical activity, smoking, alcohol drinking, dietary quality, family history of T2D, co-morbidity) and (iii) socioeconomic, demographic, and behavioral factors (model 3). The prevalence of T2D was 7.4%. Less education (OR 1.41, 95% CI 1.08-1.84), age (OR 2.19, 95% CI 1.56-3.08 in 40-59 yrs, OR 4.05, 95% CI 2.76-5.95 in 60 yrs + comparing to 20-39 yrs) and abdominal obesity (OR 2.24, 95% CI 1.79-2.82) were risk factors for T2D even after controlling for other factors simultaneously. There was a significant association of T2D with ever smoking (OR 1.34, 95% CI 1.06-1.67). The relationship of age with T2D was modified by gender in model 1 and the relationship of smoking with T2D was modified by obesity in model 2. Less educated, older, obese or ever smokers were more likely to have T2D. Gender mediated the relationship of age, and obesity mediated the relationship of smoking, with T2D. Intervention programs for T2D in Korea should take the interactions among risk factors into account.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.47-55
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• 2016

Objectives: We investigated whether the rate of depressive symptom is higher among family members of asthmatic patient compared to people who had no asthmatic family member. Methods: This study used data from the fourth and fifth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2007-2012). In this cross-sectional study, 15,987 men (mean age 46.4) and 20,906 women (mean age 47.4) were included. To compare the rate of depressive symptoms in individuals who had a family member with asthma and those who did not have, we analyzed data using survey logistic regression. Results: Diagnosed depression was reported by 3.0% of the study population, by 4.2% of asthmatic patient's family member, and by 3.0% of individuals who did not have a family member with asthma. Family members of asthmatic patient increased odds of diagnosed depression compared with those who did not had an asthmatic family member (odds ratio = 1.56, p = 0.008). Conclusions: To prevent depression among family members of asthmatic patient, health education for entire family of asthmatic patient need to be considered. Also, government and policy makers should give more attention to caregivers who had a family member with asthma.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.545-554
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• 2019

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to compare the general health status and oral health status based on periodical dental preventive experience, and to find methods for regular dental prophylaxis, using the data obtained from the $7^{th}$ National Health and Nutrition Survey. Methods: This study was performed using data collected from the $7^{th}$ National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). A total of 9,015 participants were selected for the study. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 21.0, with data obtained from a complex sampling design, and a significance level of 0.05 was set. General characteristics of the participants, oral health status, and recent preventive dental treatment were examined for a complex sampling frequency analysis, and the differences in distribution were analyzed using chi-square test. Results: The group that recently under went dental prophylaxis, when compared to the group that had not under gone dental prophylaxis recently, reported several 'no obstacles' for all items of the EQ-5D (p<0.05). Moreover, the group that recently underwent dental prophylaxis used all the oral care products (p<0.05). Conclusions: It is necessary to actively expand institutional supervision so that regular dental preventive measures can be undertaken to promote oral health that affects general health.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.97-107
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• 2014

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to examined the association between unemployment and suicidal ideation in Korea. Methods: We analyzed data from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (KNHANES) IV, conducted in 2009. Statistical analysis methods used in this study were $x^2$-test, Hierarchial logistic regression analysis and other basic statistics using SPSS version 19.0. Results: The suicidal ideation of unemployment workers was 24.7% in male and 35.9% in female. After adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics and health-related characteristics, the risk for suicidal ideation of unemployment workers was significantly higher than employment workers. In men, the OR for suicidal ideation of the employed workers compared with the employed was 2.13, and in women, the OR was 1.31. Conclusions: The findings suggest the impact of unemployment status on suicidal ideation and the need for further prospective investigation that lead to interventions should be required to introduce of suicide prevention program for unemployment worker.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.316-328
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• 2004

The objective of this study was to investigate the differences in food intake patterns by the economic status. Data from the 1998 Korean National Health and Nutrition Survey were used. Using the poverty line based on the 1998 Korean minimum cost of living, the subjects (n = 10400) were classified into high class (36.1%), middle class (40.7%) and low class (23.1%). Mean intakes for other food groups except grains, potatoes and vegetables became higher as the eco-nomic levels were going up. By the family size, it was found that intakes of grains and fishes were different (p<0.05). By the economic status, intakes of fruits (p<0.05), meats (p<0.05) and fishes (p<0.01) were different. There were no significant differences in consumed types of food by the economic status. Rice was the most prevalent food in all clas-ses and its intakes increased as the economic status was going down. In the dietary patterns of main food group (GMDVF: Grain, Meats, Dairy, Vegetable and Fruit), the pattern except dairy (11011) revealed the highest proportion in high-middle class while the patterns without dairy and fruit food groups (11010) had the highest proportion in low class. The propor-tions of subjects with the low dietary diversity score (DDS) increased as economic status was going down (p<0.01). The food groups that most people do not consume were the dairy and fruit group. Proportions of people who missed one or more group increased as economic status was going down. The high dietary variety score (DVS) also was linked to a high score on the DDS and high class (p＜0.01). Thus the intakes of the dairy and fruits product should be increased in all classes. The low class especially had worse quality of food intakes pattern than that of the high or middle class. The nutrition policy and education programs need to be established according to the economic status.

• 대한치과기공학회지
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.315-324
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• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to survey dental prosthesis and dental prosthesis needs of elderly for improving oral health status. Methods: The data collected from 'The fifth Korean national health and nutrition examination survey 2010' was analyzed in this study. Statistical analysis was done using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 19.0 for Windows. We determined frequencies and percentage, calculating means, and standard deviations, and determined statistical significance using cross-tabulation analysis, logistic regression analysis. Results: General characteristics showed differences in mandible fixed crown bridge needs associated with periodontal disease. General characteristics showed differences in maxillar partial and full denture with gender, age, education, perceived oral health. General characteristics showed differences in mandible partial and full denture with age, residence, education, perceived oral health. Conclusion: In order to improve oral health of the elderly, Dental prosthesis support policy and oral health policy are necessary.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.485-492
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• 2023

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to identify factors related to unmet dental care needs among Korean youth, enhance the utilization of dental services by adolescents, furnish basic data for youth-oriented dental projects, and improve access to medical care. Methods: The analysis utilized combined data from the basic and oral databases from the 6th (2013-2015), 7th (2016-2018), and 1st year of the 8th (2019) National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Results: The factors influencing unmet dental care needs were gender, age, household income level, and health insurance. Statistically significant results were observed in relation to the type of dental clinic, recent visits to a dental hospital, experiences of toothache within the past year, subjective oral health status, occurrences of permanent dental caries, and engagement in orthodontic treatment. Conclusions: When formulating future national policies and projects, it is imperative to consider the factors and underlying reasons for the unmet dental care needs of adolescents. It is also necessary to establish oral health policies and institutional measures tailored to the dental care of adolescents.