• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.28 no.10
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• pp.113-121
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• 2023

Network pharmacology in traditional Korean and Chinese medicine studies the molecular and biological aspects of herbal medicine using computational methods. Despite variations in databases, techniques, and criteria, most studies follow similar steps: constructing herb-compound networks, compound-target networks, and target interpretation. To ensure efficient and consistent analysis in herbal medicine network pharmacology, we designed and implemented a common analysis pipeline. We showed its reliability with existing databases. The proposed system has a potential to facilitate network pharmacology analysis in traditional medicine, ensuring consistent analysis of various herbal medicines.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.83-90
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• 1967

In order to evaluate the accuracy of the measurement of maximal oxygen intake (MOI), the MOI in seven subjects was determined 3 to 4 times in each individual. Following a 10 minute warm-up on treadmill (4.3 km/hr with 9 degree grade), the subject was asked to run at a speed of 8.73 km/hr on treadmill for a period of 3 minutes at a given grade which was elevated in a step-wise manner from zero to the level of exhaustion. Following a 3 minute run, the subject was allowed to rest for a period of 3 to 5 minutes. During each period of running, several cardio-pulmonary functions were determined and the range of variability for each measurement was computed. The oxygen consumption during the maximal work load was taken as the MOI. The results may be summarized as follows: (1) The minute volume, the oxygen consumption and the heart rate increased linearly until the grade was elevated to 9 degree above which these values were leveled off. (2) The minute volume and the heart rate during maximal exorcise were $87.4{\pm}8.10\;1/min\;and\;187{\pm}3.7$ per minute, respectively. (3) The maximal oxygen intake which corresponds to the oxygen consumption during maximal exercise was averaged to 3.04 1/min. (4) The coefficient of variance for the maximal oxygen intake was 6.32% while the corresponding values for the minute volume and the heart rate during maximal exercise were 5.22 and 2. 14%, respectively.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.26 no.10
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• pp.861-867
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• 2003

Inhibitory effect of the lectins (KML-C) isolated from Korean mistletoe (KM; Viscum album coloratum) on tumor metastases produced by murine tumor cells (B16-BL6 melanoma, colon 26M3.1 carcinoma and L5178Y-ML25 lymphoma cells) was investigated in syngeneic mice. An intravenous (i.v.) administration of KML-C (20-50 ng/mouse) 2 days before tumor inoculation significantly inhibited lung metastases of both B16-BL6 and colon 26-M3.1 cells. The prophylactic effect of 50 ng/mouse of KML-C on lung metastasis was almost the same with that of 100 $\mu$ g/mouse of KM. Treatment with KML-C 1 day after tumor inoculation induced a significant inhibition of not only the experimental lung metastasis induced by B16-BL6 and colon 26M3.1 cells but also the liver and spleen metastasis of L5178Y-ML25 cells. Furthermore, multiple administration of KML-C given at 3 day-intervals after tumor inoculation led to a significant reduction of lung metastasis and suppression of the growth of B16-BL6 melanoma cells in a spontaneous metastasis model. In an assay for natural killer (NK) cell activity. i.v. administration of KML-C (50 ng/mouse) significantly augmented NK cytotoxicity against Yac-1 tumor cells 2 days after KML-C treatment. In addition, treatment with KML-C (50 ng/mouse) induced tumoricidal activity of peritoneal macrophages against B16-BL6 and 3LL cells. These results suggest that KML-C has an immunomodulating activity to enhance the host defense system against tumors, and that its prophylactic and therapeutic effect on tumor metastasis is associated with the activation of NK cells and macrophages.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.241-257
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• 2022

Objectives: To investigate emotional characteristics of healthy adults using the Core Seven Emotions Inventory-Short Form (CSEI-s) and to investigate the correlation between the CSEI-s and Korean version of the Perceived Stress Scale (K-PSS). Methods: Overall, 2,178 healthy adults aged ≥19 years who completed the CSEI-s and K-PSS in a nationwide multicenter study were included in this study. One-way analysis of variance was performed to identify associations of seven emotions with sociodemographic characteristics. Bonferroni corrected post-hoc tests were performed for multiple comparisons. Pearson's correlation analyses were conducted to examine the correlation between each emotion and stress. Results: Scores of all emotions except for joy (喜) and stress were significantly greater in women than in men. However, the score of joy (喜) in women was significantly less than that in men. There were significant differences in joy (喜), thought (思), depression (憂), fear (恐), and fright (驚) according to age groups in both men and women. The score of depression (憂) was significantly lower in women attending or graduating from graduate school than in those attending or graduating from undergraduate school. Significantly lower scores in joy (喜), thought (思), depression (憂), sorrow (悲), fear (恐), and fright (驚) were observed in married men than in single men. There were significant positive correlations between depression (憂) and stress and between sorrow (悲) and stress in both men and women. Conclusions: There were significant associations of seven emotions with sociodemographic characteristics in healthy adults.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.464-472
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• 2012

To assess the space-time clustering of FMD(Foot-and-Mouth Disease) epidemic occurred in Korea between November 2010 to April 2011, geographical information system (GIS)-based spatial analysis technique was used. Farm address and geographic data obtained from a commercial portal site were integrated into GIS software, which we used to map out the color-shading geographic features of the outbreaks through a process called thematic mapping, and to produce a visual representation of the relationship between epidemic course and time throughout the country. FMD cases reported in northern area of Gyounggi province were clustered in space and time within small geographic areas due to the environmental characteristics which livestock population density is high enough to ease transmit FMD virus to the neighboring farm, whereas FMD cases were clustered in space but not in time for southern and eastern area of Gyounggi province. When analyzing the data for 7-day interval, the mean radius of the spatial-time clustering was 25km with minimum 5.4km and maximum 74km. In addition, the radius of clustering was relatively small in the early stage of FMD epidemic, but the size was geographically expanded over the epidemic course. Prior to implementing control measures during the outbreak period, assessment of geographic units potentially affected and identification of risky areas which are subsequently be targeted for specific intervention measures is recommended.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.73-85
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• 2017

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the status of Korean medicine treatment, and to analyze problems and demands to provide basic data on Korean medicine in military medical services. Methods: This survey was completed by 30 volunteer Korean medicine military doctors on service via a web-based questionnaire system. The questionnaire was developed through in-depth interviews with Korean medicine military doctors and consisted of general information on the subject, overall characteristics of the medical environment, current status of Korean medicine care in each workplace, problems and needs, and related clinical evidence and education. Results: Korean medicine military doctors administered acupuncture treatment most frequently in clinical practice. The most common complaints were related to musculoskeletal diseases, which accounted for 86.5% of all diseases, including those of the respiratory, digestive, and nervous systems. Most of the problems in Korean medicine care were pointed out as being due to a lack of awareness of Korean medicine in the military. Many doctors were aware that it is necessary to establish clinical evidence for Korean medicine in the military, and were also positive about the possibility of performing clinical research in the military, but the experience of actual participation in clinical research or related education was uncommon. Conclusions: Korean medicine military treatment differs from private medical care due to the specificity of each workplace and the military medical system. In the future, it will be necessary to establish an appropriate Korean medicine treatment model in the military suitable for these characteristics and strategic plans for clinical evidence.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.21 no.2 s.24
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• pp.307-319
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• 1988

In order to determine the contents of lead, cadmium and zinc, the tissues of the crussian carp, Carassius carassius, collected from the middle streams of the Nakdong river were examined. During the dry season from 8 to 15, March, 1987, six loci were selected to sample the fish and river water; five of them were the midstreams of the Nakdong river i. e., the vicinities of the Andong dam, the Nakdong bridge, the Waegwan bridge, Gangjung and Gaepori, the other one was the Kumho river around the Paldal bridge(see Fig. 1). The microanalyses of lead and cadmium contents were undertaken by the atomic absorption spectrophotometer(Model IL-551) connected with CTF-IL 655, while that of Zinc by the flame method with IL551 only. The contents of lead and cadmium in water sampled from Gaepori distant from about 30km downward from the junction with the Kumho river were about 1.5 times higher than those from Gangjung distant about 0.5km upward from the junction, and the content of zinc from Gaepori was slightly higher than that from Gangjung. However, the contents of lead and cadmium in water sampled from Gaepori were three fifth of those from the vicinity of Paldal bridge far about 2km upperward from the junction. In the other words, the contents of lead and cadmium in the samples from the vicinity of the Paldal bridge were about 2.5 to 3 times higher than those from the Gangjung and 5 times higher than those from the Andong dam. The contents of the heavy metals in the tissues of Carassius carassius were relatively consistent to those of the aquatic environments where the fish were collected, with higher contents in the tissues of the crussian carp collected from the vicinity of Gaepori and the Paldal bridge which were so much polluted than in those from other loci in upper stream from the junction. And the contents of lead and cadmium in tissues were positively correlated with the age of the fish, however, that of zinc was not. The contents of lead in bone of crussian carp from the vicinity of the Paldal bridge in the group of 0-1 year old fish were similar to those of 4-5 years old fish from Gaepori, and higher than those of 3-4 years old fish collected from the upper stream of the junction. It is likely that fishing from Gaepori and the paldal bridge is not recommended, and all the industrial producers have to pay intensive attention to the water pollution due to the sewage disposal.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.69-74
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• 2022

Objective : This study was aimed to review the Act on the Promotion of Korean Medicine and Pharmaceuticals. Method : We searched document about the Act on the Promotion of Korean Medicine and Pharmaceuticals. We used Korean Law Information Center(https://www.law.gov.kr) to find the revision of the act. Results : We looked at the current status of the revision of the Act on the Promotion of Korean Medicine and Pharmaceuticals, and the law was revised four times in total. Through the revision of the law, the definition of Korean medical practice was not only expanded, but also the establishment and role of National Institute of Korean Medicine Development were extended. Specific descriptions of Korean medicine technology will be needed in the future, and laws that are less effective should be revised and the role of National Institute of Korean Medicine Development should be further strengthened. Conclusion : For the future of Korean medicine, in-depth consideration is needed on how to foster oriental medicine.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.100-105
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• 2020

A 25-year-old male presented with influenza-like symptoms and took Western anti-inflammatory analgesic drugs for 2 days. The symptoms aggravated, so the patient decided to rely on Korean medicine (KM). Based on the highly elevated hepatic enzymes (AST 4,621 IU/L and ALT 2,763 IU/L) with a positive result of anti-HAV IgM, he was diagnosed with hepatitis A. The patient was hospitalized and given herbal drugs (Chunggan-plus extract, Innae-Tang) and acupuncture, according to symptom differentiation, the accumulation of damp heat (濕熱蘊結)". The subjective symptoms (fatigue, nausea, gastric discomfort) including jaundice and dark urine as well as laboratory abnormalities gradually improved gradually in 10 hospital days, and the patient completely recovered in 25 days as an out-patient. This case presents a classic case of severe hepatitis A in 2019 Korean outbreak, and is informative to physicians for diagnosis and treatment in the traditional Korean medicine field.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.280-284
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• 2017

Lion's Mane Mushroom, Hericium erinaceum, is a traditional edible mushroom widely used in culinary applications. It has been also used as a medicine in East Asian countries due to its various biological activities. Chemical investigation of fruiting bodies of this mushroom afforded many aromatic compounds, which were mostly isolated from polar fraction of its extracts. Herein we tried to investigate non-polar compounds from the extracts of this mushroom. $CHCl_3$-soluble fraction of the extracts was subjected to chemical investigation, which resulted in isolation of four compounds. Their chemical structures were elucidated as ircicerebroside (1), cortenuamide A (2), 1-D-arabinitol-monolinoleate (3), and cinnamic acid (4) on the basis of spectroscopic data. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of compounds 1, 2, and 4 from Hericium erinaceum.