• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
• /
• v.45 no.1
• /
• pp.23-33
• /
• 2007

This study was performed to investigate the awareness of the value on milk and the consumption pattern on milk of elementary, middle and high school students. The subjects were 453 students(129 elementary, 129 middle, and 195 high school students) living in the Seoul area. The results were as follows. The students of this study demonstrated low levels of awareness of the value of milk. They had an awareness of the value of milk about 'convenience', 'healthful', 'safety', 'diversity', and 'useful for snack'. Most students reported drinking milk two to three times a week and 13.2% of students preferred flavored milk rather than plain milk. General preference for milk was significantly higher in elementary school students than in high school students(p<0.001). The degree of satisfaction on milk was significantly higher in elementary school students than in middle and high school students(p<0.001). The respondents answered that their source of information about milk was the mass media. Their source of information from school was very low. In order to increase the consumption of plain milk, milk nutritional education is necessary in schools.

• Journal of KIISE
• /
• v.44 no.3
• /
• pp.287-294
• /
• 2017

With the personal-media development that has emerged through various means such as UCC and SNS, many media studies have been completed for the purposes of analysis and recognition, thereby improving the object-recognition level. The focus of these studies is a classification of media that is based on a recognition of the corresponding objects, rather than the use of the title, tag, and scripter information. The media-classification task, however, is intensive in terms of the consumption of time and energy because human experts need to model the underlying media ontology. This paper therefore proposes an automated approach for the modeling of the media-classification ontology schema; here, the OWL-DL Axiom that is based on the frequency of the recognized media-based objects is considered, and the automation of the ontology modeling is described. The authors conducted media-classification experiments across 15 YouTube-video categories, and the media-classification accuracy was measured through the application of the automated ontology-modeling approach. The promising experiment results show that 1500 actions were successfully classified from 15 media events with an 86 % accuracy.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
• /
• v.26 no.2
• /
• pp.96-101
• /
• 1998

Respiratory denitrification experiments were performed using different carbon sources (acetic acid, glucose, methanol, molasses). In the culture media with glucose and molasses, COD consumption and denitrification rates were higher than with acetic acid and methanol. However, up to 30-40% of reduced nitrate and nitrite were converted to ammonium in glucose and molasses media. In the culture media with acetic acid and methanol, ammonium was not accumulated. Some of the consumed COD seemed to be used by the acid formers for the acidification in glucose and molasses media. By initial pH control of with molasses media, higher denitrification rate (up to 99%) and faster response could be obtained.

• Environmental Engineering Research
• /
• v.16 no.4
• /
• pp.231-236
• /
• 2011

Biological nitrogen removal, using a continuous flow packed-bed reactor (CPBR) in a consecutive nitrification and denitrification process, was evaluated. An apparent decline in the nitrification efficiency coincided with the steady increase in $NH_4{^+}$-N load. Sustained nitrification efficiency was found to be higher at longer empty bed contact times (EBCTs). The relationship between the rate of alkalinity consumption and $NH_4{^+}$-N utilization ratio followed zero-order reaction kinetics. The heterotrophic denitrification rate at a carbon-tonitrogen (C/N) ratio of >4 was found to be >74%. This rate was higher by a factor of 8.5 or 8.9 for $NO_3{^-}$-N/volatile solids (VS)/day or $NO_3{^-}-N/m^3$ ceramic media/day, respectively, relative to the rates measured at a C/N ratio of 1.1. Autotrophic denitrification efficiencies were 80-90%. It corresponds to an average denitrification rate of 0.96 kg $NO_3{^-}-N/m^3$ ceramic media/day and a relevant average denitrification rate of 0.28 g $NO_3{^-}$-N/g VS/day, were also obtained. Results presented here also constitute the usability of an innovative porous sulfur ceramic media. This enhanced the dissolution rate of elemental sulfur via a higher contact surface area.

• The Journal of Sustainable Design and Educational Environment Research
• /
• v.10 no.3
• /
• pp.17-26
• /
• 2011

National efforts responding to climate change is directly connected to competitiveness of the urban environment. Practice in the daily life of the individual citizens is prerequisite for the paradigm shift that can be made by the reduction of the city's energy consumption and low-carbon green growth. Therefore, the comprehensive understanding combined with the educational programs is required on the issue of the ecological environment and the urban environment competitiveness. In this paper, the meaning and role of urban ecological environment will be researched first. it also takes a look at the content of curriculum and analyses domestic policies related to environmental education of primary and middle schools. In addition, video documentary on urban ecological environment will be analyzed for the development of educational media dealing with environmental training in schools. Consequently, urban ecological environment shown in video media content will be identified and the advantage of this possibility as a medium of education is to be proposed.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
• /
• v.19 no.2
• /
• pp.33-41
• /
• 2018

In recent years, technology is rapidly changing to support new service consumption and distribution models in multimedia service systems and hybrid delivery of media services is a key factor for enabling next generation multimedia services. This phenomenon can lead to rapidly increasing network traffic and ultimately has a direct and aggravating effect on the user's quality of service (QOS). To address the issue, we propose a novel system architecture to provide smart hybrid media services efficiently. The architecture is designed to apply the software-defined networking (SDN) method, detect changes in traffic, and combine the data, including user data, service features, and computation node status, to provide a service schedule that is suitable for the current state. To this end, the proposed architecture is based on 2-level scheduling, where Level-1 scheduling is responsible for the best network path and a computation node for processing the user request, whereas Level-2 scheduling deals with individual service requests that arrived at the computation node. This paper describes the overall concept of the architecture, as well as the functions of each component. In addition, this paper describes potential scenarios that demonstrate how this architecture could provide services more efficiently than current media-service architectures.

• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
• /
• v.8 no.2
• /
• pp.142-146
• /
• 2003

Three insect cell lines, Sf9, Sf21 and Tn5Bl-4, and four different kinds of serum free media (SFM), Sf 900 II, EX-CELL 420, EX-CELL 405 and Express Five, were used to compare the nutrient consumption, byproduct formation, production of recombinant protein and protease activity in suspension cultures. The Sf 900 II SFM was a ppropriate for the cell growth and protein production of the Sf9 and Sf21 cell lines. When the Tn5Bl-4 cell line was grown in the Express Five SFM, the specific growth rate was 1.6 fold higher than those of either the Sf9 or Sf21 cell lines. The glucose and glutamine consumption rates per cells, were 4 and 2.3 times higher than those of the Sf9 cell line, respectively. The overall yield coefficients of the lactate and ammoniumion were 2.8 and 1.5 times higher compared to those of the Sf9 cell line. respectively. The maximum specific ${\beta}$-galactosidase production rate was 4.5 fold that of the Sf9 cell line, a 3 times higher protease activity per cell.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
• /
• v.3 no.6
• /
• pp.597-611
• /
• 2009

With the advent of ubiquitous computing society, many advanced technologies have enabled wireless sensor networks which consist of small sensor nodes. However, the sensor nodes have limited computing resources such as small size memory, low battery life, short transmission range, and low computational capabilities. Thus, decreasing energy consumption is one of the most significant issues in wireless sensor networks. In addition, numerous applications for wireless sensor networks are recently spreading to various fields (health-care, surveillance, location tracking, unmanned monitoring, nuclear reactor control, crop harvesting control, u-city, building automation etc.). For many of them, supporting security functionalities is an indispensable feature. Especially in case wireless sensor networks should provide a sufficient variety of security functions, sensor nodes are required to have more powerful performance and more energy demanding features. In other words, simultaneously providing security features and saving energy faces a trade-off problem. This paper presents a novel energy-efficient security architecture in an IEEE 802.15.4-based wireless sensor network called the Hybrid Adaptive Security (HAS) framework in order to resolve the trade off issue between security and energy. Moreover, we present a performance analysis based on the experimental results and a real implementation model in order to verify the proposed approach.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
• /
• v.19 no.2
• /
• pp.49-56
• /
• 2018

Internet news consumption is rapidly growing in Korea, and majority of that is being done through Naver, Korea's primary search engine. Naver is also the go-to search engine for smartphone use. This study analyzed 824 most popular news accessed via mobile gears; the news items were selected from Naver's 'Daily Top 10 Stories,' dating from March 2016 to December 2016. The results indicate that entertainment news were the most viewed, while political and social issue news were the most liked and commented by mobile users. With regard to news value, 'prominence' and 'impact' were the two most important factors that influenced a user's news selection process in a mobile environment. The degree of a news' 'prominence' was the most important factor that determined the number of views, while 'impact' was critical to determining "the most commented-upon" and "the most liked" news. The results also indicate that mobile news consumers prefer more dramatic storylines and events that incite public anger or grief, threaten the safety of citizens, or evoke emotional sympathy rather than 'hard news' about such subjects as politics and economics.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
• /
• v.23 no.9
• /
• pp.113-122
• /
• 2018

In this paper, IoT(Internet of things) technology, which is the core of the 4th industrial revolution, was applied to the study of reduction of consumption current. The IoT is a sensor that collects data, a sensor communication, a gateway that processes and stores the collected data. Data application of IoT technology is applied to smart home, smart city, healthcare, smart factory, etc. and it needs to be applied to various industrial fields. By sensing the location of the sensor device, the specific functions of the gateway and the platform are turned ON and OFF to reduce the consumption current of the equipment during the OFF period. When the sensor device accesses the gateway, the specific function of the gateway is turned ON and When the device is separated from the gateway, it senses the sensitivity of the wireless signal and automatically turns off the certain functions. As a resurt, it has reduced the consumption of current. In this paper, we propose a novel system for detecting the location of sensor devices by applying IoT technology. The system implementation is realized by software based, and defines the requirements for the implementation of the sensor device gateway. The gateway automatically detects the location, movement of the device and performs necessary functions. Finally verifies the automatic detection performance of the gateway according to the location of the device. It will contribute greatly to the development of the smart city and office.