• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.12 no.12
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• pp.1090-1097
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• 2000

Predicting building energy use can be useful to evaluate its energy performance. This study proposed empirical approach for predicting building energy use with regression analysis. For the empirical analysis, simple regression models were developed based on the historical energy consumption data as a function of daily outside temperature, the predicting equations were derived for different operational modes and day types, then the equations were applied for predicting energy use in a building. BY selecting a real building as a case study, the feasibilities of the empirical approach for predicting building energy use were examined. The results showed that empirical approach with regression analysis was fairly reliable by demonstrating prediction accuracy of $pm10%$ compared with the actual energy consumption data. It was also verified that the prediction by regression models could be simple and fairly accurate. Thus, it is anticipated that the empirical approach will be useful and reliable tool for many purposes: retrofit savings analysis by estimating energy usage in an existing building or the diagnosis of the building operational problems with real time analysis.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.51-59
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• 2013

This study aimed to present the possibilities that a variety of conversions can be made in terms of the spatial function through the situation analysis and in-depth case studies, focusing on the cases of the conversion of historic buildings. Literature analysis and case analysis technique were conducted as the research methods. For the literature analysis, the researcher selected 105 cases of conversion-type buildings by recombining and reanalyzing them to space functional changes; the SPSS PC+ 18.0 program was used as the analysis tool to conduct a frequency analysis and cross analysis. In-depth analysis was conducted to investigate the overview of the architecture, building history, spatial functional changes, space program, conservation value, and the conserved parts by selecting 9 cases in Korean and foreign countries that have been recently converted through literature analysis and the results of the study were as follows. 1) As a result of analyzing the changes in function, the highest percentage of the cases was conversion into the cultural function (63.8%). 2) There were cases for conversion into the commercial function, business function, accommodation function and educational function besides cultural function. 3) As a result of spatial program, the attempts to increase the utilization of the building generally by applying the complex space with more than two functions could be seen. 4) The buildings with historical and architectural value were conserved most of the outer wall and some portion of internal parts; the buildings with symbolic value were renovated largely, while preserving symbolic parts; and the buildings with practical value were renovated in a way that maintains the structural parts while changing the interior space to be suitable for their function.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.25-34
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to analyzes the transition process and architectural characteristics of Naju's old railway station building from 1913 to 2002. It considers measures for the conservation and reuse. It analyzes investigation record of the condition of Naju's station from 1948 to 1993 and standard building design at Japanese colonial period. It analyzes as well, transition of building through the comparison of the results of an investigation in 1993 and those of the present conditions. In addition, it analyzes interviews with the city officials and residents in city.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.7 no.1 s.14
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• pp.49-66
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• 1998

The purpose of this study is to connect the technics and form from ancient to Korea Dynast But in these period there is no buildings remains but paintings, fine arts, and stupas. In the historical materials there are many architectural form and signature revealings, so as a result these analysis, 1)The building showed in paintings of Silla, and Korea Dynasty reflect the architectural style their own Dynasty. 2)In detail, the architecture of Silla and Korea Dynasy was connected with Chinese architectur Liao, Song. But from the 8Century Koreans were succeeded the one of Silla Dynasty and had originility in architectural style. 3)The architectursl style in Silla and Korea Dynasty were very various and very rich content. And we must more serious study of historical materials so that we improve the ancient a middle age of architcture in Korea.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.45-56
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to clarify the historical background of the setting of seungdang(僧堂) and gowon (庫院) in the Zen Buddhist temples of Song dynasty, in terms of as a Buddhist temple universality and as a Zen temple specificity, through the historical reference investigation on its relevance to the Buddhist temples of Tang dynasty. In the Zen Buddhist temples of Song dynasty, the Zen meditation space of seungdang was located on the west side of Buddha hall, and the kitchen and officiating priest's living space of gowon was located on the east side of Buddha hall. Through the analysis of historical reference it was confirmed that, in the Buddhist temples of Tang dynasty, the Zen meditation section of seonwon(禪院) was on the west side, and the gowon was on the east side too. Therefore, it can be said that, the setting method of seungdang and gowon of the Zen Buddhist temples of Song dynasty was established above tradition of the Tang dynasty Buddhist temples.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.309-317
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• 2024

The conflict between Iran and Israel has been a major source of instability and security threats in the Middle East. This study analyzes the historical background and modern aspects of the Israel-Iran conflict, examining its root causes, nuclear issues, proxy wars, cyber warfare, economic sanctions, and the role of the United States. The research employs qualitative methods, including literature review and case analysis, using various sources such as academic papers, government reports, and media articles. The findings suggest that the conflict is deeply rooted in historical, religious, and political factors, and has escalated since the 1979 Iranian Revolution. The study highlights the need for dialogue, negotiation, and international mediation to resolve the conflict and maintain regional stability. The Israel-Iran conflict also provides valuable lessons for addressing the North Korean nuclear issue, emphasizing the importance of dialogue, international cooperation, and confidence-building measures.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.47-62
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to clarify the characteristics of Zen Buddhist temple's building composition of the Northern Song dynasty, through the analysis of literature historical material, such as Seonwon chenggyu(禪苑淸規), Cham cheontae odaesan gi(參天台五臺山記) and so on. The building composition method of Zen Buddhist temple in Northern Song dynasty, which grasped from the Seonwon chenggyu, reflects the actual situation of the temples in that time. And it was ascertained that, the Zen Buddhist temple's building composition of the Northern Song dynasty was basically same to that of Southern Song dynasty. And the comparative analysis was attempted between Zen Buddhist temples and that of other Buddhism sect described in Cham cheontae odaesan gi. From this analysis, the common features as Buddhism temple and the characteristics of building composition as Zen Buddhist temple was clarified.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.130-138
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• 2009

Bromilow's time-cost (BTC) relationship was examined for building projects in Vietnam using actual construction time and total construction cost. Data set was collected from 77 historical building construction projects completed between 1999 and 2005 which were adjusted by consumer price index (CPI) to 2000 price. Time-cost equations were specified respected to two sectors, public and private, in Vietnamese construction industry and all cases. It is shown that a public funded building project has the longer construction duration than a similar budget private funded project. The resulting models are statistically significant. The adjusted R-square coefficients of all cases, public and private projects models are respectively 0.403, 0.436 and 0.377 mean that the BTC regression lines moderately fit the data set.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2005.07e
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• pp.37-39
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• 2005

When we have been estimated construction costs, till now, we are used to costs accumulating method of each items based on standard labors rates. But there are some problems of its methods. Our governments are applied to a historical construction costs estimation system for building construction and civil engineering works from January 2004. The electrical construction works are forecasted that applied to historical construction cost estimation systems. This paper is showed to development of electrical construction cost index for estimation of historical costs and contract prices.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.41 no.6
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• pp.129-139
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• 2013

This study was designed to suggest a landscape agreement in order to effectively preserve historical and cultural landscapes at this point of time when many landscape agreements are being concluded for landscape management, to analyze landscape management methods according to the problems of comprehensive and widespread landscape agreements and landscape types and to generalize landscape agreement contents. To begin, sustainable and practical landscape management plans that local people can themselves participate and carry out were proposed, based on historical and cultural landscape preservation guidelines extracted from the consideration of domestic and foreign cases about landscape management by citizen autonomy and participation. The guidelines considered what regional residents would follow by themselves, as well as what should be considered with regard to the accessibility and symbolism of a building's appearance and external spaces designed with the motif of historical and cultural landscapes. The guidelines also pay attention to the maintenance management of outdoor advertisements and facilities in order to maintain a pedestrian-friendly street environment which pursues designs in harmony with the existing historical and cultural landscapes. In addition, the recommended guidelines that are considered less important,are restricting the sizes of buildings, encouraging maintenance management of the details and external spaces to hide building facilities and block them from being exposed and including information about the use of nature-friendly materials, and the management of neon signs in the landscapes and lighting time during the night. These results demonstrate that local residents need to improve the landscapes and change their consciousness by themselves to maintain the historical and cultural landscapes with a sense of tradition.