• Human Ecology Research
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• v.58 no.3
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• pp.343-356
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• 2020

This paper examines the associations of having a helper for domestic work or childcare and time spent on it by couples in South Korea. We use five waves of panel survey data from the Korean Longitudinal Survey of Women and Families (KLoWF), which allows longitudinal changes within couples over time that account for potential selection effects and unobserved heterogeneity among individuals. With fixed effects, we find outsourcing is associated with a decrease in wife's time spent on domestic work or childcare by 1 hour per week. However, the decrease is concentrated on the unemployed wife's time, but not employed wife's time. In addition, outsourcing is not a significant factor for husband's time and the husband's share of total contribution. This may be because wives are the main provider of domestic work and childcare in Korea regardless of employment status or having any helper. Due to unequal contributions between husband and wife, using outsourcing also neither alleviates the employed wife's contribution nor changes the husband's contribution. However, the results may be underestimated because there are more common and diverse types of outsourcing in a broad sense, such as going out for dinner, buying prepared food, and using dry cleaning services. We expect future studies to consider more broad types of outsourcing and examine how relations with the couple's time use at home are different by type.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.319-331
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• 2017

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop a scale to evaluate posttraumatic growth in patients with cancer and to examine the validity and reliability of the scale. Methods: A literature review, semi-structured patient interviews and an expert panel consultation produced a 27 preliminary item questionnaire. Participants were 150 cancer patients recruited to test the reliability and validity of the preliminary scale. Data were analyzed using item analysis, exploratory factor analysis, convergent validity and internal consistency. Results: Item reduction and exploratory factor analysis led to 23 items, grouped into five subscales which were labelled new possibilities (6 items), coping skills (5 items), preciousness of life (5 items), relating to others (4 items), and personal strength (3 items). Convergent validity was evaluated by total correlation with the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General (r=.45, p<.001). The final scale demonstrated satisfactory internal consistency (Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ =.94). Conclusion: Findings from this study indicate that the Cancer-Specific Posttraumatic Growth Inventory has validity and reliability and is considered to be appropriate for assessing posttraumatic growth in patients with cancer.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.42-47
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• 2014

This paper is aimed to investigate and analyze of characteristic for electrical equipment and work environment for the small-scale site. In order to investigate and analyze electrical equipment and work environment for preventing electric shock disaster in construction sites, 50 small-scale construction sites and 12 large-scale construction sites are selected. This paper completed site investigations of low-voltage equipment and the portable electric machine and equipment in 12 large-scale construction sites and 50 small-scale construction sites. The findings were about the electric shock environment relevant to the ground-relevant equipment, the panel board, the protection tools, the sockets, the temporary wiring system, the portable and movable electric machines and equipments in small-scale construction sites. Finally, this study analyzed the domestic and foreign relevant standards and regulations and these findings can be utilized as educational data warning electric shock risk caused by electric equipment in small-scale construction site.

• Journal of Genetic Medicine
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.110-114
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• 2018

Ataxia-telangiectasia (AT; OMIM 208900) is a rare autosomal recessive inherited progressive neurodegenerative disorder, with onset in early childhood. AT is caused by homozygous or compound heterozygous mutations in ATM (OMIM 607585) on chromosome 11q22. The average prevalence of the disease is estimated at 1 of 100,000 children worldwide. The prevalence of AT in the Republic of Korea is suggested to be extremely low, with only a few cases genetically confirmed thus far. Herein, we report a 5-year-old Korean boy with clinical features such as progressive gait and truncal ataxia, both ankle spasticity, dysarthria, and mild intellectual disability. The patient was identified as a compound heterozygote with two novel genetic variants: a paternally derived c.5288_5289insGA p.(Tyr1763*) nonsense variant and a maternally derived c.8363A>C p.(His2788Pro) missense variant, as revealed by next-generation sequencing and confirmed by Sanger sequencing. Based on claims data from the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service Republic of Korea, we calculated the prevalence of AT in the Republic of Korea to be about 0.9 per million individuals, which is similar to the worldwide average. Therefore, we suggest that multi-gene panel sequencing including ATM should be considered early diagnosis.

• Therapeutic Science for Rehabilitation
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.63-76
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• 2022

Objective : The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship with employment of the disabled considering the severity and the type of disability. Methods : Data from the 4th data of the 2nd wave Panel Survey of Employment for the Disabled (PSED) by Korea Employment Agency for Persons with Disabilities (KEAD) were used. The odds ratio of employment in disability types according to severity of disability was calculated by logistic regression analysis. Results : When the related variables were adjusted, the employment of internal disability type was significantly lower than that of external disability type by 0.413(95% CI:0.271-0.629) times in the group with severe disability. On the other hand, in the group with less severe disability, internal disability was 0.475(95% CI:0.327-0.690) times lower than that of external disability (p=<.001). Conclusions : Employment may vary depending on the type of disability, even if the disability severity level is the same. It is necessary to prepare judgment criteria that can reduce the variation in employment by considering both the type and severity of the disability.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.140-148
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• 2015

Vaccination is the most powerful and useful preparation against infectious diseases. However, developing vaccines costs a lot and requires extensive long-term efforts. Therefore, the government should research and develop vaccines with a national-level policy. To greatly enhance the success rate of vaccine development, the policy should be set up considering priorities such as the current status of domestic research, the importance for public health, the urgency of research. The Delphi technique was utilized to draft this survey, through a brainstorming stage, then two inquiries, and finally the final panel meeting where unresolved items were discussed, to draw the conclusion. Among the results, firstly, the highest ranked item on centralized fields for vaccine development by the Ministry of Health was 'self-sufficiency of vaccines.' Secondly, 'emerging infectious disease' was most highly ranked in prioritized fields of vaccine development and research. Thirdly, for the vaccine that needs to be improved and developed further by the government to improve its efficacy and safety, BCG (Bacille de Calmette) for tuberculosis was ranked the highest on both types (intradermal and subcutaneous injection) from National Immunization Programme (NIP) and non-NIP. As for the high risk pathogens, 'anthrax' and 'smallpox' were first and second, consecutively. Lastly, 'development and control of vaccine candidates' was ranked the highest for the area in need for technique development in order to improve domestic vaccine's research level. The results of this study will be put to good use as basic data for the national vaccine research and development (R&D) policy of the country. This study was first step and more studies should be carried out for the final decision of the national vaccine R&D priority.

• Korean Journal of Family Social Work
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• no.54
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• pp.297-331
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to examine the mediating roles of neglectful rearing attitudes and mental health in the relationship between economic status of single-parent famillies and school adjustment, and the differences between single-parent and two-parent families, using structural equation modeling. Data were obtained from the Middle School 1 Panel(third-wave) of the Korean Child and Youth Panel Survey 2010. This study selected 2,195 middle school 3th-grade students (249 from single-parent families and 1,946 from two-parent families). Data were examined with structural equation modeling and multi-group analysis using AMOS 21.0, and mediating effects were tested using the Sobel test. The results were as follows; First, the single-parent children reported lower levels of economic status and school adjustment, and higher levels of neglectful rearing attitudes than the two-parent children. Second, multi-group analysis showed a statistically significant difference between single-parent and two-parent in structural equation modeling. Economic status of two-parent famillies affected school adjustment of children, but economic status of single-parent famillies did not affect school adjustment of children. Third, as a result of examining for total effect, the variable that most influenced school adjustment of children was neglectful rearing attitudes. Fourth, neglectful rearing attitudes and mental health did play a mediating role in the relationship between economic status and school adjustment in case of two-parent famillies, but neglectful rearing attitudes and mental health did not play a mediating role in case of single-parent famillies. Based on the result, this study stressed the following; First, the study suggested that problem of the single-parent famillies supporting standard which is concentrated on the low income single-parent famillies. Second, the study proposed multifaceted support measures which reflects characteristics of single-parent famillies to increase school adjustment of the single-parent children.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.92-100
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• 2009

This study evaluated the effects of the syllable number(one, two), font type(gothic, myung), color contrast (black on white, white on black), display type(paper, LCD), age(20s, 60s) and character size(2~80pt) on the Korean characters' legibility. Total twenty subjects from two age groups (20s: n=10, 60s: n=10, five male and five female in each group) participated in the legibility test. A target panel was presented in the distance of 50 cm, and subjects conducted a reading tests for, in total, 16 treatment conditions (full combination of syllable number, font type, color contrast and display type). Results showed that two-syllable words revealed better legibility than one-syllable character. The main effects of the age, display type, font type, color contrast, and character size were statistically significant(p<0.01). Paper showed better legibility than LCD, particularly in the 20s and in the character sizes of less than 9pt. Gothic revealed more correct answers than Myung, particularly in the 60s, paper, and white on black conditions. It is expected that these results can provide basic data for the determination of the Korean characters' minimum legible size standards. For example, the minimum legible size for the Gothic and black on white characters presented in the paper should be 5pt for 20s and 1lpt for 60s if the 75% correct reading(3 correct answers in this study) was applied for the legibility criterion.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.25 no.11
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• pp.245-253
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• 2020

This study is a longitudinal analysis of the life satisfaction of Generation X and Generation Y, with different historical backgrounds, growth backgrounds, values, and lifestyles, using data from the Korean Welfare Panel(KOWEPS). The research data is from the KOWEPS 1st year(2006) to 14th year(2019), out of 27,301 people, who conducted life satisfaction from the latest 12th to 14th year, and the responses were properly answered data from 3 years of 2,492 were used. As a result of the study, the higher the life satisfaction of both Generation X and Generation Y, the more the life satisfaction slowly increases at a slower rate as time passes. In addition, in terms of life satisfaction and rate of change, the initial value of life satisfaction was higher as the living satisfaction increased in both Generation X and Generation Y, but in the case of Generation X, the higher living satisfaction, the lower the rate of change in life satisfaction for 3 years by .327, in the case of Generation Y, the rate of change in life satisfaction was not affected. Finally, in the model of this study, a partial mediation of health condition was established between living satisfaction and life satisfaction tendency. Living satisfaction was analyzed to have a direct effect on life satisfaction and at the same time indirectly with a health condition as a parameter.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.69 no.2
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• pp.171-190
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• 2017

This study examined the impact of indebtedness on depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation. The data came from the 4th to 10th waves of the Korea Welfare Panel Study, collected from 2009 to 2015. Analyses were conducted using logistic regression for longitudinal data that combines the fixed effects and random effects approaches. The results show that a high level of indebtedness substantially increased the risk of depressive symptoms. The household leverage ratio-the ratio of total household debt to disposable personal income-of 400% or higher increased the odds of probable depression by 50% compared with the ratio under 100%. When the percentage of personal income that goes toward paying debt is 30% or higher, the odds of probable depression went up by 66% than when the percentage of debt payment of disposal income is under 10%. The findings suggest that debt relief agencies and their programs need to incorporate means to identify and address emotional stress related to the excessive debt. This study also contributed to enriching the literature on social determinants of health by demonstrating that indebtedness is an important socioeconomic characteristic affecting individuals' mental health.