• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.145-154
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• 2003

Business environment is changing rapidly because of the introduction of the newest Technologies development and the newest management skills. With the development of Information Technology (IT) and the rapid growth of Internet based business, there have been great improvements of business processes and total costs of many firms. Many firms realize that they have to change their organizational structure and managerial skills in order to carry on their corporate goals(growth and development) according to business paradigm shift. The purpose of this dissertation is to watch how consumer product manufacturer(C corporation) could build effective SCM strategies under Electronic Commerce paradigm shift and how it can reform its organizational structure in order to perform its business goat. C corporation has been doing a groat role in logistics and distribution for the last 50 years with logistics know-how in domestic market, however there were many problems such as lack of shared information, demand Paradox, order batch, stock shortage and duplicated processes among vendors and chain members. Most of problems were based on lack of shared information and old business processes.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.527-533
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• 2013

Polyclonal antibodies labeled with a tracer have been commonly used as secondary antibodies in immunochemical assays to quantify the concentration of antibody-antigen complexes. The majority of these antibodies conjugated with a tracer are commercially available, with the exception of few untouched targets. This study focused on the production and application of mouse anti-quail IgY as an intermediate antibody to link between quail egg yolk IgY and goat anti-mouse IgG-HRP as primary and secondary antibodies, respectively. Subsequently, the produced mouse anti-quail IgY was labeled with horseradish peroxidase (HRP) and its efficiency on enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was compared with that of commercial rabbit anti-chicken IgY-HRP. As an intermediate antibody, mouse anti-quail IgY was successfully produced with good affinity and sensitivity (1:10,000) to the primary and secondary antibodies. Subsequently, mouse anti-quail IgY was effectively conjugated with HRP enzyme, resulting in a secondary antibody with good sensitivity (1:10,000) to quail anti-V. parahaemolyticus and V. vulnificus IgY. The detection limit was $10^5$ CFU/ml for both V. parahaemolyticus and V. vulnificus. The efficiency of the produced conjugate to detect quail IgY on ELISA was comparable to that of the commercial rabbit anti-chicken IgY-HRP, and hence the produced and labeled mouse anti-quail IgY-HRP can be used as a secondary antibody to detect any antibody produced in quail.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.26 no.11
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• pp.1855-1862
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• 2016

Cronobacter sakazakii (C. sakazakii) is a foodborne pathogen, posing a high risk of disease to infants and immunocompromised individuals. In order to develop a quick, easy, and sensitive assay for detecting C. sakazakii, a rabbit anti-C. sakazakii immunoglobulin G (IgG) was developed using sonicated cell protein from C. sakazakii. The developed anti-C. sakazakii (IgG) was of good quality and purity, as well as species-specific. The developed rabbit anti-C. sakazakii IgG was attached to the surface of a sulforhodamine B-encapsulated liposome to form an immunoliposome. A test strip was then prepared by coating goat anti-rabbit IgG onto the control line and rabbit anti-C. sakazakii IgG onto the test line, respectively, of a plastic-backed nitrocellulose membrane. A purple color signal both on the test line and the control line indicated the presence of C. sakazakii in the sample, whereas purple color only on the control line indicated the absence of C. sakazakii in the sample. This immunochromatographic strip assay could produce results in 15 min with a limit of detection of $10^7CFU/ml$ in C. sakazakii culture. The immunochromatographic strip assay also showed very good specificity without cross-reactivity with other tested Cronobacter species. Based on these results, the developed immunochromatographic strip assay is efficient for the detection of C. sakazakii and has high potential for on-site detection.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.10 no.4 s.36
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• pp.191-201
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• 2005

In this paper, we propose a method to calculate camera motion parameter, which is based on efficient invariant features irrelevant to the camera veiwpoint. As feature information in previous research is variant to camera viewpoint. information content is increased, therefore, extraction of accurate features is difficult. LM(Levenberg-Marquardt) method for camera extrinsic parameter converges on the goat value exactly, but it has also drawback to take long time because of minimization process by small step size. Therefore, in this paper, we propose the extracting method of invariant features to camera viewpoint and two-stage calculation method of camera motion parameter which enhances accuracy and convergent degree by using camera motion parameter by 2D homography to the initial value of LM method. The proposed method are composed of features extraction stage, matching stage and calculation stage of motion parameter. In the experiments, we compare and analyse the proposed method with existing methods by using various indoor images to demonstrate the superiority of the proposed algorithm.

• Applied Microscopy
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.193-205
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• 1998

The Urechis unicinctus sperm and spermatogenic cells prepared from the testis are investigated to identify $\alpha-tubulin$ of axoneme microtubules using mouse monoclonal $anti-\alpha-tubulin$ as the first Ab and Gold(10nm) conjugated goat anti-mouse IgG as the Ab marker. The Ag-Ab reaction analyzed excellently the localization of $\alpha-tubulin$ and the gold particles incorporated with the proximal and distal centrioles, manchette microtubules, and flagellum. The gold particles can be also observed in the spermatogenic cells while the cells are still in sperm ball which is composed of a somatic cell and spermatogenic cells. The sperm ball is the functional unit of sperm production in U unicinctus testis. The spermatids are developed from the spermatogenic cells in the sperm ball and released into the testis cavity through a cortical cytoplasmic opening. The spermatid architectures are similar with the mature sperm of the testis cavity in aspects of shape of discoid acrosome, degree of nuclear condensation and ring type of mitochondrion. However, the distal centriole connecting with the flagella can be observed from the mature sperm while the both proximal and distal centrioles reveal only in the spermatids. The proximal centriole is directly connected with nuclear outer membrane during the stage of nuclear condensation and oriented perpendicularly to the distal centriole whose axis coinciding with the longitudinal axis of the spermatozoon. There are indications that the distal centriole is intimately associated with the polymerization of the flagellum. The manchette microtubules appear during spermatid development but the mature sperm have round head and no conspicuous middle piece.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.32 no.12
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• pp.1078-1086
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• 1999

배경 :폐포내 fibronectin(FN)의 분포와 역할은 많은 연구자에 의하여 연구되어왔다. 흰주에서 폐의 분화시 FN은 태자에서 폐포의 기저막에 주로 분포되고 간엽조직에서도 관찰되면 분화가 진행되면 폐포막의 간질조직에 FN의 함량이 높아진다. 또 FN은 일반적으로 폐포대식세포(alveolar macrophage)에서 분비되고 폐에 질병이 발생하였을 때 다량의 FN이 폐포대식세포에서 분비된다고 보고되어 있다(Schoenberger 등 1984: Ozaki 등 1990; Rom 등 1987 ; Cordier 등 1990) 저자는 흰쥐의 폐포발생이 진행중인 폐포기 후반에서의 폐포막내 정상적인 FN이니 분포의 변화와폐포를 구성하는 큰 폐포세포(type II pneumocyte)에서의 FN의 분비여부를 면역조직염색법과 전자현미경을 이용하여 추적하고자하였다 실험대상 및 방법: 청정동물실에서 사육한 SPF 흰쥐(Sprague-Dawley 계)를 임신시켜 질도말법을 이용하여 태령을 정한 뒤 태아제 17일 및 20일 출생 제 1일, 2일, 3일, 5일, 및 7일의 신생흰쥐를 실험동물로 사용하였으며 대조군의 흰쥐는 체중 200ㅎ의 건강한 수컷을 사용하였다 흰쥐의 폐조직은 면역조직염색을 위해 rabbit anti rat fibronectin polyclonal antibody를 일차항체로 biotinylated goat anti rabbit IgG를 이차항체로 사용하여 폐실질세포내 FN의 분포를 LM으로 관찰하였고 한편 폐포막을 구성하는 세포 중 큰폐포세포가 FN을 분비하는 세포인지를 추적하기 위해 금과립을 첨가한 항체를 사용하여 큰 폐포세포내 FN의 분포를 EM을 이용해서 추적한 결과 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다 결과 : 제 17일 및 20일 태아시기의 폐에서의 혈관주위에 강한 FN반응이 관찰되었다 출생후 폐포막의 FN의 활성은 출생후 5일 및 7일에 최고주에 달했다. 출생직후 1-2일경에 혈관의 조직내 FN의 활성이 양성을 나타내지만 3일이후 활성이감소되었다. 폐포대식세포내 FN의 활성은 출생후 증가되었다. 폐조직내 소기관지의 FN의 활성은 출생후 완만하게 상승되었다. 큰 폐포세포는 출생 1-3일에 일정량의 FN 반응이 세포질과 미세융모내에 관찰되었다. 결론 : 이상과 같은 결과로 흰쥐의 폐포의 분화과정이 계속되는 출생후 폐에서 FN의 분비는 7일이내에 성숙흰쥐의 폐포내 반응과 비슷한 반응으르 보이며 이때 폐의 실질조직은 분화가 거의 완료되었을 것으로 사료되었고 큰 폐포세포에서도 FN이 분비되는 것으로 결론지울수 있다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.45 no.5
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• pp.287-294
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• 2012

Background: Biologic valved grafts are important in cardiac surgery, and although several types of graft are currently available, most commercial xenografts tend to cause early disfiguration due to intimal proliferation and calcification. We studied the graft failure patterns on non-fixed and glutaraldehyde-fixed pulmonary xenograft in vivo animal experiment. Materials and Methods: Pulmonary valved conduits were obtained from the right ventricular outflow tract of eleven miniature pigs. The grafts were subjected to 2 different preservation methods; with or without glutaraldehyde fixation: glutaraldehyde fixation (n=7) and non-glutaraldehyde fixation (n=4). The processed explanted pulmonary valved grafts of miniature pig were then transplanted into eleven goats. Calcium quantization was achieved in all of the explanted xenograft, hemodynamic, histopathologic and radiologic evaluations were performed in the graft which the transplantation period was over 300 days (n=7). Results: Grafts treated with glutaraldehyde fixation had more calcification and conduit obstruction in mid-term period. Calcium deposition also appeared much higher in the glutaraldehyde treated graft compared to the non-glutaraldehyde treated graft (p<0.05). Conclusion: The present study suggests that xenografts prepared using glutaraldehyde fixation alone appeared to have severe calcification compared to the findings of non-glutaraldehyde treated xenografts and to be managed with proper anticalcification treatment and novel preservation methods. This experiment gives the useful basic chemical, histologic data of xenograft failure model with calcification for further animal study.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.155-164
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• 1995

The location of actin and myosin of the several stages of Cwptosporinium parvum was observed. The tissue antigen of C. pcruum was prepared through immunosuppression of IgG mice with Depomedrol . The thin sectioned specimens, which were incubated with the IgG fraction of the rabbit polyclonal antibodies raised against chicken back muscle actin and bovine uterus myosin, were treated with 10 nm gold-conjugated goat anti-rabbit IgG, Electrodense particles were located mainly on the pellicles of all observed developmental stages of the parasites. The number of actin gold particles in the cytoplasm increased when the parasite was dividing actively as in case of meronts. Especially in macrogametocytes, a lot of actin and myosin particles were synthesized and storaged as amilopectin-like bodies. There were many actin gold particles along the microspikes of cytoplasmic membranes in various developmental stages. The actin and myosin observed in this study may play important roles to control the shape of the parasites and movement of cytoplasmic membranes as cvtoskeletal proteins.

• Journal of Veterinary Science
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.15.1-15.13
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• 2021

Background: Attenuated Salmonella strain can be used as a vector to transport immunogens to the host antigen-binding sites. Objectives: The study aimed to determine the protective efficacy of attenuated Salmonella strain expressing highly conserved Brucella immunogens in goats. Methods: Goats were vaccinated with Salmonella vector expressing individually lipoprotein outer-membrane protein 19 (Omp19), Brucella lumazine synthase (BLS), proline racemase subunit A (PrpA), Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD) at 5 × 10⁹ CFU/mL and challenge of all groups was done at 6 weeks after vaccination. Results: Among these vaccines inoculated at 5 × 10⁹ CFU/mL in 1 mL, Omp19 or SOD showed significantly higher serum immunoglobulin G titers at (2, 4, and 6) weeks post-vaccination, compared to the vector control. Interferon-γ production in response to individual antigens was significantly higher in SOD, Omp19, PrpA, and BLS individual groups, compared to that in the vector control (all p < 0.05). Brucella colonization rate at 8 weeks post-challenge showed that most vaccine-treated groups exhibited significantly increased protection by demonstrating reduced numbers of Brucella in tissues collected from vaccinated groups. Real-time polymerase chain reaction revealed that Brucella antigen expression levels were reduced in the spleen, kidney, and parotid lymph node of vaccinated goats, compared to the non-vaccinated goats. Besides, treatment with vaccine expressing individual antigens ameliorated brucellosis-related histopathological lesions. Conclusions: These results delineated that BLS, Omp19, PrpA, and SOD proteins achieved a definite level of protection, indicating that Salmonella Typhimurium successfully delivered Brucella antigens, and that individual vaccines could differentially elicit an antigen-specific immune response.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.57 no.4
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• pp.423-427
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• 2019

Coenurosis is an important zoonotic helminthic disease caused by the larval stage of the tapeworm Taenia multiceps. This parasite typically infects the brain of the intermediate hosts, including sheep, goat, cattle and even humans. We report a case of T. multiceps infection in a yak confirmed by clinical symptoms, morphological characteristics, and molecular and phylogenetic analyses. The coenurus was thin-walled, whitish, and spherical in shape with a diameter of 10 cm. The parasite species was identified as T. multiceps by PCR amplification and sequencing of the 18S rRNA, cox1 and nad1 genes. Three gene sequences all showed high homology (all above 97%) with the reference sequences from different hosts. Moreover, phylogenetic reconstructions with the 3 published Taenia gene sequences confirmed that the Qinghai yak isolate was closely related to T. multiceps. Although there are advanced diagnosis and treatment methods for coenurosis, early infection is difficult to diagnose. Importantly, the findings of yak infection case should not be ignored due to its zoonotic potential.