• Communications of Mathematical Education
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.355-372
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• 2020

The concept of infinite series is an important subject of major mathematics curriculum in college. For several centuries it has provided learners not only counter-intuitive obstacles but also central role of analysis study. As the understanding in concept on infinite series became foundation of development of calculus in history of mathematics, it is essential to present students to study higher mathematics. Most students having concept of infinite sum have no difficulty in mathematical contents such as convergence test of infinite series. But they have difficulty in organizing concept of infinite series of partial sum. Thus, in this study we try to analyze construct the concept of infinite series in terms of APOS theory and genetic decomposition. By checking to construct concept of infinite series, we try to get an useful educational implication on teaching of infinite series.

• Korean Educational Research Journal
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.39-65
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• 2019

This essay examines the relationship between death and the minor literature and the minor philosophy of education. Deleuze and Guattari conceive death as the source of question and the problem. Death overcomes Freud's death-drive and is conceived as the universal event. Then, death is understood as the essential problem, the condition of thought about life, and the paradox of actuality. On the other hand, their minor literature is able to figure in Kafka's works, Metamorphosis and so on, excellently. Deleuze and Guattari argue that Kafka's works push ahead to the edge of the deterritorization. Their argument on the minor literature has the following three characteristics: first, the territorization of the language; second, the directional connection between the individual and the social; third, the collective arrangement of the statement. Death and the minor literature share the "intensity" as the theoretical tool and thus presuppose each other. From this, we are able to draw the possibility of the minor philosophy of education. It makes a crack on the major philosophy of education, exposing the limitation of the doctrines. In other words, the major philosophy of education enforces the reading of grand philosophers by the defined ways only. Instead, Deleuze and Guattari show the creative way through their research of the history of philosophy and extend the field of thought. In following this way, we can repeat the novel in the philosophy of education also. In this essay, we examine their "affect" for the possibility.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.226-238
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• 2010

This study investigates the recovery of trust and provision of a contract between a franchiser and a franchisee in the food service industry. It has come to the following results after analyzing the inter-affections among the franchisers' conditions, the trust level of their support and their intention to contract. First, such factors as experience, confidence, and expertise of a franchisee have significant effects on the terms of a franchiser. Second, ad support, experience, expertise, confidence, and capital factors have significant effects. Third, such factors as history of a franchiser, the number of its franchisees, its brand have significantly influence on trust. Fourth, educational support, utilization of job instruction and purchasing of packages have significant effects on intention to contract.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2013.10a
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• pp.560-562
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• 2013

Due to the popularity of smart phones, interest in individual lifestyle changes and customized services has been increasing. With these request of change, there are seeking the changes of individual customized service system in public institution, museum, science museum etc. Specially museum, art museum and science museum have the common factor like "watching". Unlike art museum, museum and science museum have the purpose of the history and science education, and have a high expectations of combining entertainment and education as a public institution. For this purpose, they need to raise the immersion of display contents, and run parallel with providing more convincing explanation based on age group. Thus the purpose of this paper is that study the way of combining with efficient entertainment and educational function using argument reality.

• Korean Medical Education Review
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.51-56
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• 2012

Purpose: Precepted video review (PVR) has been considered one of the methods for the remediation of clinical performance examinations (CPX). This study quantified the effect of brief PVR on CPX scores. Methods: For two years, final-year students (61 students in the 1st year's cohort and 54 in the 2nd year's cohort) participated in CPXs. The scores on the initial CPX were announced to the students shortly after that CPX administration. There was no PVR after the initial CPX in the 1st year. All participants of the 2nd year were notified of the opportunity to voluntarily receive brief PVR after the initial CPX. Several months after the initial CPX, the students took the latter CPX in both years. The differences of scores between initial and latter CPX were compared in good performers and poor performers of the initial CPX. Results: Thirteen poor performers and 8 good performers received PVR in the 2nd year. In the 1st year, history taking (Hx), physical examination, and patient physician interaction (PPI) scores of the good performers of the initial CPX were significantly decreased on the latter CPX. In the 2nd year, the Hx and PPI scores of the good performers of the initial CPX, who received PVR, were significantly decreased at the latter CPX. The Hx and PPI scores of the poor performers of the initial CPX were significantly increased at the latter CPX in both years regardless of PVR. Conclusion: The changes in CPX scores according to PVR did not show any consistent trend. Brief PVR appears to be not sufficient for improving CPX scores.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.64 no.11
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• pp.588-595
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• 2021

Background: Acute respiratory infections (ARIs), especially pneumonia, remain a major cause of infant mortality worldwide. In Indonesia, pneumonia is the second most common cause of infant and toddler deaths. Exclusive breastfeeding and basic immunization can protect infants and children from contracting pneumonia. Purpose: Our goal was to assess the risk factors for childhood pneumonia in regions with a high prevalence of pneumonia in Indonesia. Methods: This case-control study was conducted between March and April 2019. A total of 176 infants and toddlers aged 10-59 months were enrolled and selected from among patients who visited the community health center. Cases of pneumonia were diagnosed clinically based on the World Health Organization guidelines, and the control was nonpneumonia. Results: The risk factors for the diagnosis of pneumonia included no or nonexclusive breastfeeding (odds ratio [OR], 7.95; 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.52-17.94), incomplete basic immunizations (OR, 4.47; 95% CI, 2.22-8.99), indoor air pollution (OR, 7.12; 95% CI, 3.03-16.70), low birth weight (OR, 3.27; 95% CI, 1.19-8.92), and a high degree of wasting (OR, 2.77; 95% CI, 1.06-7.17). Other variables such as nutritional status (height-for-age z score), age, sex, and educational status of the mother were not risk factors for pneumonia. Conclusion: No or nonexclusive breastfeeding, incomplete basic immunizations, indoor air pollution, a history of low birth weight, and severe malnutrition were risk factors for childhood pneumonia. Breastfeeding was the dominant factor, while sex modified the relationship between exclusive breastfeeding and the incidence of pneumonia.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.200-205
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to determine the status of dental hygienists in Japan. The study explicated the history, core curriculum, National Examination for Dental Hygienists, work roles of dental hygienists, and workplaces of dental hygienists. This study was based on the government policy report on dental hygienists and the information published by each public institution. The latest statistics presented by the institutions were collected through official websites. The employment information of graduates from Hiroshima University was analyzed based on actual field study. The results of the study revealed that social demand for dental hygienists has steadily increased and policies and education have been revised accordingly. The work roles of dental hygienists have expanded to meet the needs of the treatment and those of public health fields. In line with major policy changes, the educational period has been extended from 1 year to 3 or 4 years, while the mandatory credits for graduation have been established. Licensing examinations were being performed by the local governments since 1948 due to the different situations of dental hygienists in different areas. In 1992, they were converted into a single national examination. The work roles have expanded from assisting dental treatments to health guidance, home care, and perioperative care. Consequently, the number of dental hygienists has increased, especially in healthcare facilities for the elderly. Dental hygienists perform various roles. However, the most essential role is to provide the best oral care services to the patient. The expected role of dental hygienists has expanded in alignment with public healthcare needs and support for the elderly. The government and universities are expected to bring about improvements such as diversifying the channels of education and establishing policies to respond to growing patient needs by cultivating excellent dental hygiene professionals.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.8-18
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to provide the general history of fostering dentists in Japan and introducing their new roles. This research was conducted based on the government policy report on dentists and the information published by each educational institution. Based on the collected data, the official websites were used to represent the latest statistics of the institutions. The number of dentists in Japan has increased. The government established the National Examination for Dentists to guarantee the quality of dentists. After the standards for developing questions for the national examination were established in 1985, the contents of the examination have been appropriately improved by revising the standards every four years. This improvement has required dental students to study a variety of subjects for six years at dental school. Since dentists in Japan are required to respond to various demands from the nation; the Model Core Curriculum for Dental Education was developed to teach medical ethics and abilities to ensure that dentists conduct themselves professionally. Recently, the roles of dentists have been changing in Japan. When providing dental services to older patients over the age of 65, dentists and other dental professions focus on maintaining oral functions, such as saliva secretion, bite force, tongue movement, and masticatory/swallowing functions. However, oral function-related services for children are different. In addition to providing essential dental services, dental practitioners also provide special treatment, such as oral muscle training, myofunctional therapy, health guidance, and space retainers to the child patients with developmental insufficiency in oral functions. Dentistry in Japan has undergone numerous changes over the years and has continued to offer high-quality dental health services. Thus, information gained from the Japanese experience may be helpful to dental professions in other developed countries for planning oral health measures.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.267-274
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• 2021

Background: Although the orofacial-function improvement exercise (OFIE; oral exercise) was first introduced in Korea 10 years prior, it is still not covered by medical insurance, and no detailed survey on the dissemination of related programs has been conducted. Therefore, this study investigated the actual status of the education and practice of OFIE among the elderly and at elderly welfare institutions in the Seoul and Gyeonggi Provinces. Methods: Senior citizens aged more than 65 years old, public health centers (total of 69) and elderly welfare institutions (including nursing homes and elderly welfare centers, total of 56) per administrative area in the Seoul and Gyeonggi Provinces were targeted. We analyzed 200 elderly people and 93 institutions who agreed to participate in the survey. For the elderly, general characteristics, experience and route, current practice, and necessity regarding OFIE were investigated. For institutions, the history and plan of education programs on OFIE were investigated. Results: Regardless of the general characteristics, both the rate of experience and practice for OFIE were low overall; moreover, although they felt it was necessary, they had insufficient motivation for its implementation. Moreover, only a few institutions which were operating the education about OFIE regardless of the COVID-19 situation. Conclusion: Although OFIE is necessary for the elderly, its distribution remains insufficient. Therefore, further efforts are needed to expand the education and raise the awareness of oral exercise among elderly individuals and senior welfare institutions.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2022.10a
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• pp.146-149
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• 2022

With internet development, many peoples use their email to exchange documents, register for web services, and much more. Some individuals/organizations (including educational institutions) use their own domain name for email instead of a domain provided by commercial email services. However, suppose the domain used for custom email expires. In that case, other individuals/organizations can reuse the domain, and the new domain owner can send and receive all emails incoming to the domain. It makes us concerned about Privacy violations. Email that new domain owners can look into also contains sensitive emails like password reset notifications, credit card statements, order history, and more. In this research, we would like to describe the privacy violations caused by the expired domain used for email that did not remove all dependencies of email users and propose a solution.