• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
• /
• v.27 no.1
• /
• pp.88-96
• /
• 2018

The income level of people in South Korea has risen as the gross national income per capita reached the milestone of 30,000 dollars. More and more consumers try to change their houses according to their tastes just like they express themselves through clothes, bags, and other fashion items, thus pursuing value-based consumption. The changes to the housing culture including the greater percentage of one- or two-person households and the growing trend of lease and monthly rent have made consumers increase their demands for products to express their lifestyles. As a result, global lifestyle shops with characteristic and diverse concepts entered the South Korean market and were joined by South Korean fashion brands, large-sized stores, department stores, and fancy stationery manufacturers, which launched their own brands, in the expansion of lifestyle shops across the nation. Lifestyle shops have a couple of unique attributes including the relatively clear selection of target consumers and a clear set of VMD strategies accordingly. Based on a judgment that there was cost differentiation among brands, the investigator categorized the comparison and analysis criteria into high, middle, and low prices to apply case analysis. This study set out to analyze VMD strategies for spatial composition through cost differentiation among lifestyle shops, take the results into total consideration, and propose an effective and competitive VMD strategy for lifestyle shops through spatial composition elements.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
• /
• v.23 no.3
• /
• pp.373-384
• /
• 1999

The purposes of this study were 1) to test the differences between two groups who have high and low purchase of apparel in low-price retailing concerning consumers' beliefs and attitude toward low-prce retailing 2) to identify differences between these two groups in type of information search and use of information sources and 3) to investigate differences between department store and low-price retailing in consumers' satisfaction toward products and purchase frequencies of apparel items and differences between two groups in demographic variables. The data were collected via a self-administeered questionnaire from 474 femail adults in Seoul Korea and analyzed by factor analysis t-test and paired t-test. The results of this study were as follows : First based on a series of t-test and paired t-test. the results showed that those who had a high purchase of apparel in low-price retailing had significantly higher belief scores on all of the five store attributes and a more favorable attitude toward low-price retailing than did those who had low purchase. Second those who had high purchase of apparel in low-price retailing had significantly higher scores on ongoing and prepurchase information search and on use of mass media information and interpersonal information source than did those who had low purchase. Third in case of high purchase consumers of apparel in low-price retailing there were not found significant differences between department store and low-price retailing there were not found significant differences between department store and low-price retailing in purchase frequency on man's and women's casual wear of department stores than low-price retailing. However low purchase consumers of apparel in low-price retailing revealed significantly higher purchase frequency on all of seven apparel items of department stores than low-price retailing. Finally there were significant differences between two groups in demographic variables. The papers discussed theoretical implications as well as manageral implications.

• Journal of Distribution Science
• /
• v.10 no.9
• /
• pp.37-45
• /
• 2012

Purpose - The objective of the paper is to examine display techniques and tools at traditional clothing stores to improve the traditional market. Since most research has been done theoretical and model based approaches, changing business environments requires more holistic and detailed facts to apply or develop a retail business strategy. Research design / data / methodology - The study employs qualitative research such as direct observation as well as direct interview and telephone interview from May 7 to Jun 2, 2012. The paper examines lighting, various display techniques and tools. The analysis of 80 store pictures for them had been done three examiners with agreement. Results - Sample garments are displayed on the walls; the racks of hangers are attached on the upper part of the walls; there is indirect lighting only. Furthermore, the merchandises are displayed, without any consistency, on various sizes and shapes of hangers, only on the owners' arbitrariness. When considering that the Korean traditional fabrics (Juddan) have a little pattern and colors as their important elements for displaying. Conclusions - The findings of this study show that the retailers in the traditional market need to have lessons on colors and to learn how to use the specific lighting and to display merchandise.

• Journal of the Korean Operations Research and Management Science Society
• /
• v.26 no.4
• /
• pp.55-70
• /
• 2001

Artificial neural network(ANN) models have been widely used for the classification problems in business such as bankruptcy prediction, credit evaluation, etc. Although the application of ANN to classification of consumers＇ choice behavior is a promising research area, there have been only a few researches. In general, most of the researches have reported that the classification performance of the ANN models were better than conventional statistical model Because the survey data on consumer behavior may include much noise and missing data, ANN model will be more robust than conventional statistical models welch need various assumptions. The purpose of this paper is to study the potential of the ANN model for forecasting consumers＇ choice behavior based on survey data. The data was collected by questionnaires to the shoppers of department stores and discount stores. Then the correct classification rates of the ANN models for the training and test sample with that of multiple discriminant analysis(MDA) and logistic regression(Logit) model. The performance of the ANN models were betted than the performance of the MDA and Logit model with respect to correct classification rate. By using input variables identified as significant in the stepwise MDA, the performance of the ANN models were improved.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
• /
• v.18 no.2
• /
• pp.431-439
• /
• 2009

This research aims to invest consumers' purchase behavior and preference of F/W season knit wear to prepare for basic data in producing competitive knit wear which can meet consumers' demands. The results are as follows: 1. Consumers in their twenties are largely purchasing their knit wear at bonded clothing shops, consumers in their thirties at outlet stores and consumers in their forties and fifties at department stores. As for preferred materials in knit wear, the twenties like 100% of cotton, the thirties mixed wool, and the forties and the fifties 100% of wool. Across all age groups, they prefer knit wear pattern with no figures, while they consider its design and color as important factors in purchasing F/W knit wear. 2. As for the wearing sensations of F/W knitwear of three age groups, there are not significant differences in other factors except a factor of 'jacket length'. 3. As for the fitting sensation about F/W knit wear, consumers with 'thin' somatotype feel high comfort in the factor of 'girth', while consumers with standard somatotype feel high satisfaction in the factor of 'length'.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
• /
• v.35 no.10
• /
• pp.1150-1160
• /
• 2011

This study investigates i) the effect of salesperson's self efficacy and work overload on emotional labor and ii) the mediating role of emotion. A survey questionnaire is developed and implemented on salespersons working in the fashion retail stores of department stores. The measurement scales are composed of emotional labor, self efficacy, work overload and emotion. A total of 112 responses are analyzed by confirmatory factor analysis and a structural equation model with AMOS18.0. The results are as follows. Firstly, self efficacy has direct effect on both deep acting and surface acting of emotional labor without the mediating effect of emotion. Self efficacy has a positive effect on deep acting. Secondly, work overload has a negative effect on emotion. Job emotion has positive effect on deep acting and it has a negative effect on surface acting. Thirdly, emotion has a significant mediating effect between work overload and emotional labor. Finally, implications for personal management and job design in the fashion retail organizations are suggested.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
• /
• v.35 no.12
• /
• pp.1486-1496
• /
• 2011

The present study analyzed the consumer acceptance of labels, satisfaction with cosmetics after purchase, the relationship between consumer acceptance of cosmetics labels and satisfaction with cosmetics as viewed by type of distribution channel. The study was implemented through a descriptive survey method based on a self-administered questionnaire. The sample consisted of 759 women between the ages of 21 and 49, residing in the area of Seoul, Gwangju, and Gyeonggi Province. There were significant differences in the levels of consideration of labels among consumers from each type of distribution channel. Consumers that prefer door-to-door sales consider the information about ingredients more crucial than consumers who prefer other types of distribution channels, department store consumers consider manufacturer information more important, and consumers who prefer specialty stores/chains and discount stores consider the date of manufacture less important than other types of distribution channels. Significant differences were found in consumer satisfaction with cosmetics after purchasing among consumers from each type of distribution channels. A significant relationship was found between the level of considering the product information listed on the labels and the satisfaction with the cosmetics. With respect to most of the factors, a higher level of label consideration was correlated with a higher satisfaction with cosmetics after purchase.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
• /
• v.47 no.6
• /
• pp.1113-1136
• /
• 2023

With increasing interest in sustainability, several fashion and beauty brands have developed and offered unique types of sustainable packaging in their stores (e.g., 'knot-wrap,' 'seaweed-based' packaging). The purpose of this study was to investigate the perceived value (i.e., green, aesthetic, functional, emotional, social, self-expression) of unique types of sustainable packaging and its impact on consumers' packaging evaluation, store evaluation, and store patronage intentions in the context of a fashion retail store. This study also assessed the moderating effects of consumer innovativeness and environmental concern. Data were collected from 210 US consumers aged 18 to 26 years through Amazon MTurk. The results of structural equation modeling revealed that green, emotional, self-expression, functional, and aesthetic values perceived from unique types of sustainable packaging had significant positive impacts on packaging evaluation. Packaging evaluation, in turn, positively impacted store evaluation, subsequently influencing store patronage intentions. Consumer innovativeness and environmental concern moderated several paths between the variables. This study adds to the existing literature on sustainable packaging by investigating consumer responses to sustainable packaging that incorporates the 'uniqueness' aspect. Managerial implications regarding the importance of developing and offering unique types of sustainable packaging for fashion brands in their retail stores are discussed.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
• /
• v.32 no.6
• /
• pp.724-733
• /
• 2016

Purpose: This study was to evaluate the microbiological quality of salads in lunchbox's based on the holding time and temperature at convenience and franchise stores. Methods: Cabbage salad and crab meat salad were targeted for microbiological quality assessment. They were tested for aerobic plate counts, coliforms, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Enterobacteriaceae and assessment were performed by Korean Food Standards Codex. Results: In cabbage salad at convenience franchise store's at $5^{\circ}C$, the aerobic plate counts did not exceed the Korean Food Standards Codex. For cabbage salad stored at $25^{\circ}C$, the aerobic plate counts was 5.08 log CFU/g we hours after purchase, which exceeded the Korean Food Standards Codex. In case of cabbage salad in franchise store, the E. coli and S. aureus count exceeded Korean Food Standards Codex 3 hours after purchase. Microbiological analysis did not exceed the Korean Food Standards Codex at $5^{\circ}C$ in crab meat salad in convenience store. At $25^{\circ}C$, the aerobic plate count was detected at 4.45 log CFU/g after 32 hours, coliforms, E. coli, and S. aureus did not detect, but Enterobacteriaceae was found to be 2.34 log CFU/g after 9 hours in franchise store's crab salad. Coliforms was detected at 1.18 log CFU/g after 3 hours, and S. aureus was detected at 2.04 log CFU/g after 6 hours at $25^{\circ}C$ in the franchise store. The lunchbox' salad under cold storage ($5^{\circ}C$) generally meet the Korean Food Standards Codex. Conclusion: The results indicate an urgent need to implement proper management guidelines for the production of lunchbox foods to ensure microbiological safety, and to improve the shelf life from production to consumption.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
• /
• v.24 no.6
• /
• pp.128-136
• /
• 2015

This research, which has been planned to appreciate the features of continuous observation of space, has applied the procedure of acquiring continuous visual information when the act of watching takes place along the time to analyze the space characteristics through the scenes and time so that the features of attention shown in the process of acquiring visual information at the time of observing continuous scenes might be estimated. For analysis of the features of continuous observation was set up the premise that the features of observation and perception vary depending on gender, when the women shops in department stores were selected as research objects. The observation features found at the time of continuous observation of selling spaces in department stores were focused on two analysis methods in order to compare the differences and characteristics of the two. The followings are the findings. First, the area with predominant observation was found to be 87.1% in both methods. It was found that the analysis of observation features by "Analysis I" was useful for inter-sectional comparison of continuous images. Second, in case of extracting predominant sections, the ceiling or the structures which are the backgrounds rarely attracted any eyes. Depending on analysis method, there was the gap of 14.3%~25.0% between observed sections. Third, in case that the hall is curved, the eyes were found to be expanded from side to side and up and down. The review of observation numbers of predominant sections makes it possible to decide whether it should be regarded as (1) unstability or (2) expanding search, and when the images are enlarged from distant view to close-range view, the weakening vanishing point results in the increase of expanded search of surroundings. Accordingly, it was found that the characteristics of images has effects on the observation features when any space was continuously observed. Furthermore, the difference of analysis methods also was found to be likely to cause big differences in the results of analyzing observation features.